中原经济区经济联系网络空间格局

以中原经济区县级行政单元为网络节点,利用重力模型测算1996 年、2010 年231 个节点间的经济联系强度,分别取各个节点对外联系强度第1 位、前5 位、前10 位的连接建立经济联系网络,运用GIS 工具和社会网络分析方法分析网络的空间格局与演化特征。研究发现：① 中原经济区经济联系网络发育不平衡,节点度分布呈明显的右倾“斜长尾分布”特征,少数节点掌握着绝对的“网络权力”,郑州市为整个网络的首位核心,洛阳市、邯郸市为副中心;网络中部、北部节点间连通情况相对较好,而东、南两个方向上节点连通能力亟需提升。② 核心、边缘节点网络权力差距进一步扩大,2010 年节点度值基尼系数和集中度指数比1996 年均有明显提高,边缘区节点连通能力不足且进一步弱化,不利于中原经济区同毗邻地区的互动发展。③ 网络呈现多重轴—辐结构,郑州市为一级枢纽,洛阳市、邯郸市、漯河市等为二级枢纽;中原经济区正在建设的“十”字形发展轴和“米”字形发展带,有助于巩固一、二级枢纽间的经济联系,并使整个经济区实现优势互补、联动发展。④ 网络中的“掮客”节点主要位于中原城市群板块中,因此中原城市群发展对提高网络整体连通能力有很大作用。     

济南市长清区界首蛇纹岩矿地质特征及开发利用效益预测

界首蛇纹岩矿为山东省较早开发的矿区,多用于提取钙镁磷肥,其地质条件较好,储量可观。区内矿脉断续出露长2400m,宽30~70m,延深100~200m,倾角60°~80°左右,矿体多出露地表,适于露天开采。1988年在蛇纹岩岩体中发现达到玉石标准的包裹体,并综合开发利用,矿山得以增产增值。目前属于村办开矿,开采不规范,导致乱采滥挖,至今矿山停采,并封矿。     

城市自然环境缓解精神压力和疲劳恢复研究进展

城市自然环境对人们身心健康产生积极的影响。在自然环境与健康关系文献调研基础上,阐述了自然环境的概念与类型,系统总结了康普兰夫妇的注意力恢复理论和乌尔里希的压力缓解理论、研究方法及自然环境对健康影响的主要成果。结果显示,自然环境相对于城市环境而言,对人们健康具有更明显的积极作用,并且,城市规划与设计应着力加强自然环境对人们健康影响方面的思考。     

The Silk Road Economic Belt and Green Growth in the East of Russia

The Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) opens new development opportunities for Russia in general, and its Eastern regions in particular, via larger-scale and multi-level international cooperation. The eastern regions of Russia, rich in natural resources, have traditionally focused on resource extraction. In the context of the SREB, the issues of environmental security in Eastern Russia come to the fore. Here, we propose tools for ‘diagnosis’ if a chosen path of regional economic development proceeds according to the concept of a green economy. We use different indicators based on eco-intensity. We determine ecological-economic development trends in the Eastern border regions of Russia at the initial stage of the Silk Road Economic Belt formation to serve as a starting point and guideline for development processes within the SREB. If cooperation is directed to implementing the best Chinese production chains, significant improvements in the quality of economic growth in Russia will be achieved.     

中国大陆地区生态诅咒效应的多尺度实证检验

基于生态系统服务理论界定生态福祉概念及其表征、评价方法,借鉴资源诅咒理论,提出广义生态福祉视域下的生态祝福及生态诅咒假说,结合有关年度统计数据、以中国大陆地区为例展开实证分析。结果表明：① 从人均生态福祉来看,全国范围内的绝对生态诅咒假设不成立,东、西部地区生态祝福效应显著;② 从农林牧渔产业从业人员比例来看,全国及地区层面的条件生态诅咒假设均不成立,东部地区生态祝福效应显著;③ 从农林牧渔产业产值比例来看,全国及地区层面的条件生态诅咒假设均显著成立。自然生态系统为提高区域人均生态福祉、吸纳富余劳动力就业等贡献显著,但促进地区经济社会发展还需不断降低农林牧渔产业产值在国民经济中的比例。未来,中国应当进一步实施因地制宜的生态保护措施以规避生态诅咒,并通过因时制宜的经济社会发展规划促进生态祝福效应。     

气象服务效益评估的两例实证及新的估测技术

通过实地调查，作者对气象服务行业经济效益与部门经济效益分别进行了实证，并在原有讨论的基础上提出了一种新的评估方法     

中国城市体系的工业职能结构

本文应用聚类分析方法对中国城市市区的工业职能进行了分类,并结合纳尔逊统计分析方法对聚类分析结果作了适当调整及补充,将中国1984年295个城市分成四个大类、十八个亚类和四十三个职能组。在工业职能分类的基础上,通过16个工业部门在全部城市中的分布特点的分析,初步概括了中国城市体系工业职能结构的特征。最后,运用分类结果,对中国城市工业的经济效盆从投入、产出两个方面进行了应用研究。     

Polyculture of scallopChlamys farreri and kelpLaminaria japonica in Sungo Bay

Several polyculture models of scallopChlamys farreri and kelpLaminaria japonica currently employed in Sungo Bay and other parts of northern China are described in this paper. Economic benefits of different polyculture models are analysed based on the growth rate, culture density and market price. In addition, site selection, critical environmental conditions and polyculture problems are discussed in detail. This project was funded by the International Development and Research Centre (IDRC), Canada, and the National Committee of Science and Technology of China.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Latin America: Case Studies . Richard G. Boehm and Sent Visser Locality and Rurality: Economy and Society in Rural Regions . Tony Bradley And Philip Lowe The City and the Grassroots . Manuel Castells Geopolitics and Conflict in South America. Quarrels among Neighbors . Jack Child Post-Industrial America: A Geographical Perspective . David Clark Coastal Research: UK Perspectives . Malcolm W. Clark A Rural Policy for the EEC? Hugh Clout Peasant Agriculture in Assam: A Structural Analysis . M. M. Das . Environmental Change and Tropical Geomorphology . I. Douglas and T. Spencer Advances in Abandoned Settlement Analysis: Application to Prehistoric Anthrosols in Colombia, South America . Robert C. Eidt Measuring Culture . Jonathan L. Gross and Steve Rayner North America: A Human Geography . Paul Guinness and Michael Bradshaw A Geographical Bibliography for American Libraries . Chauncy D. Harris et al. Geography and the Urban Environment: Progress in Research and Applications, Vol. VI . D. T. Herbert and R. J. Johnston Changes in Global Climate: A Study of the Effect of Radiation and Other Factors During the Present Century . K. Ya . Kondrat'ev . Rural Development and the State: Contradictions and Dilemmas in Developing Countries . David A. M. Lea and D. P. Chaudhri The Martial Metropolis: U.S. Cities in War and Peace . Roger W. Lotchin The Climate of the Earth . Paul E. Lydolph . Weather and Climate . Paul E. Lydolph . Spatial Divisions of Labor: Social Structures and the Geography of Production . Doreen Massey . Panorama of the Soviet Union . N. Mikhailov . Soviet Armenia . K. S. Demirchian . USSR: Geography of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period . K. Spidchenko . Planung und Verwirklichung der Wiener Ringstrassenzone (Planning and Materialization of the Ringstrasse-Zone of Vienna). Kurt Mollik , Hermann Reining , Rudolf Wurzer . The American West Transformed: The Impact of the Second World War Gerald D. Nash . An Overview of the Survey of Income and Program Participation . Dawn Nelson , David Mc Millen, and Daniel Kasprzyk . Phenomenology, Science and Geography: Spatiality and the Human Sciences . John Pickles . Biological Diversification in the Tropics . Ghillean T. Prance Die Wanderviehwirtschaft im gebirgigen Westen der U.S.A. und ihre Auswirkungen im Naturraum . Gisbert Rinschede . Social and Economic Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal: Considerations for Institutional Management . World-Wide Weather . K. Takahashi Coastal Geomorphology in Australia . B. G. Thom Settlement System in Rural India: A Case Study of the Lower Ganga-Yamuna Doab . Ram Chandra Tiwari . Computer Programming for Geographers . David J. Unwin and John A. Dawson . Late Quaternary Environments of the Soviet Union . A. A. Velichko, ed . H. E. Wright , Jr. and C. W. Barnosky Ethics in Planning . Martin Wachs     

深圳市土地供给与经济增长关系研究

利用连续的动态资料，对深圳土地供给稀缺性、土地供给与经济发展的相关性、土地利用弹性系数、土地供给对经济增长贡献率及其变化进行了定量分析。结果表明，深圳建设用地的快速扩张支撑了经济总量和城市建设的高速发展；经济增长与土地供给呈现一致波动性，并表现出滞后性；土地投入对经济增长的贡献具有“隐性贡献”的特点。