Economic impact of climate change and climate change adaptation strategies for fisheries sector in Solomon Islands: Implication for food security

Fisheries resources play a major role in the national economy and to food security in Solomon Islands. Climate change is likely to have a substantial impact on fish production that can lead to a fragile food security condition in the country. This paper assesses the potential economic impact of three important climate change adaptation strategies – natural resource management (NRM), fish aggregating devices (FAD) and aquaculture – in Solomon Islands. The study used a country-specific partial equilibrium economic model with six fish sub-sectors and analyzed potential impact of alternate climate change adaptation strategies for 2035 and 2050. The modeling and scenario analyses show that total fish demand is likely to surpass domestic fish production in 2050. Without appropriate climate adaptation strategy, per capita consumption of domestically produced fish will decline, which has serious negative food security implications for the country. The economic (welfare) analysis conducted based on modeling results show that the national level net economic gains due to climate change adaptation strategies are substantial. If cost and topographic conditions permit, low-cost inshore FADs are expected to be a good mechanism for augmenting domestic supplies of tuna and similar species in Solomon Islands.     

Assessing the significance of the economic impact of Marine Conservation Zones in the Irish Sea upon the fisheries sector and regional economy in Northern Ireland

This paper highlights the tension between advocacy for ‘Blue growth’ in maritime policy and efforts to safeguard future economic growth via the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. In 2015, policy-makers withdrew three of four proposed Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs) in the Irish Sea from consideration for designation, due to concerns that they could significantly impact on the fisheries sector in Northern Ireland because they overlap with prawn fishing grounds in the Irish Sea. Although research has quantified the potential impact upon fishing vessels, none has quantified the impact upon the fisheries sector nor assessed the significance of this impact. Arguably, MCZ designations (or lack thereof) based on the ‘significance’ of an impact require robust underpinning evidence. This paper reports the findings of an Economic Impact Assessment, which has quantified the impact of a decline in landings upon the Northern Ireland fisheries sector and regional economy (data which is currently absent from the evidence base for the MCZ designation process in England). It finds that this will incur job losses in three fishing ports in Northern Ireland, but is unlikely to have a significant impact upon Northern Ireland's fisheries sector and regional economy in terms of jobs and Gross Value Added (GVA). In the worst case, the resulting economic impact is a decrease of £1.05–1.12 m/year GVA in Northern Ireland, which is 1.1% of the contribution of fishing and fish processing to the regional economy. Economic significance assessments, using this methodology, may be useful in supporting the evidence base underpinning MCZ designation and other aspects of marine planning.     

What ails fisheries insurance in India? An assessment of issues,challenges and future potential

This paper undertakes a critical assessment of the present state of fisheries insurance in India. Various factors that contribute to the poor performance of fisheries insurance in the country were identified and ranked based on the responses of fishermen and fish farmers in major maritime states. In the light of the findings, measures such as leveraging the potential of technological interventions, developing innovative institutional mechanisms, bridging the trust deficit amongst the stakeholders and bringing about attitudinal changes through awareness drives are suggested as way forward towards harnessing the potential of insurance as a safety net tool in fisheries sector of India.     

Ecosystem benefits from coastal habitats—A three-country choice experiment

Coastal habitats provide a variety of benefits for citizens living in littoral countries. The economic value of changes in coastal habitats in the context of the implementation of the Baltic Sea Action Plan, targeting good ecological status by 2021, in two coastal sites was estimated using the choice experiment method. The selected aspects of marine ecosystem were described in conjunction with ecological changes modeled within the Finnish–Swedish archipelago and the Lithuanian coast. The benefits for Finns, Swedes, and Lithuanians for changes in the adjacent coastal site were estimated with the conditional logit and random parameters logit models accounting for preference heterogeneity. The willingness to pay estimates for healthy perennial vegetation, protection of currently pristine areas, and size of fish stocks differed significantly between populations. The transfer errors ranging from 40%, when transferring the estimates for the same coastal site between populations, to 400%, when transferring between both sites and populations, underline careful consideration in value transfers.     

关于地震灾害快速评估系统的思考

基于地震快速评估经济损失结果与地震现场调查得到的经济损失结果有较大的差异现象, 为了进一步提高地震快速评估经济损失结果的精确性, 笔者通过对地震快速评估经济损失结果和实际现场调查得到的经济损失结果进行对比研究, 并从建筑物单价和建筑物损失比的角度对快速评估结果进行修正, 以发生在云南境内的10次典型地震为例, 初步得出了对地震经济损失快速评估结果粗略的修正系数。 在一定程度上较大提高了地震快速评估经济损失的精确性。 为地震救援指挥工作提供了更加可靠的依据。     

广东南雄市经济发展战略初探

南雄市是珠江流域与长江流域分水岭和联系通道,是古海上丝绸之路和陆上丝绸之路的交汇点,与珠江三角洲有着密切的人文联系,具有交通要道、旅游资源等优势,以农业生产为基础,工业不发达.经济发展水平在韶关地区处于中游,在沿海则属于经济低谷地区.应该采取资源转换、外向带动、跳跃发展、重点突破发展战略加快其发展.     

河西地区经济增长的新阶段与可持续发展

运用产业结构演变理论,分析了河西地区国民经济的现状,判定了经济增长处于的阶段,并根据河西地区可持续发展过程中存在的问题,提出了河西地区经济与资源、环境协调发展的对策。     

国际物流格局中的东北亚区域经济一体化

区域经济一体化需要国际贸易(物流)的支撑。世界产业结构的演替为东北亚区域产业结构演替方向提供了借鉴和方向性启示；但东北亚区域物流在国际物流格局中的地位决定了东北亚区域合作仍处于初级阶段。通过影响东北亚区域一体化的因素分析，提出加速东北亚区域经济一体化的几个关键：图们江地区一体化、跨境交通走廊以及区域内的节点城市与口岸等的建设。     

抓住机遇全面推进湛江开发区建设

本文介绍湛江开发区成立１０周年来取得的巨大成就，分析其存在的主要问题及原因，认为只有始终坚持“一个中心，两个基本点”的方针，订制开发区发展战略目标和规划部署，发展高新技术，才能促进开发区的全面建设。