海拉尔盆地海参1井伊敏组孢粉组合的地层意义

海参1井伊敏组孢粉化石异常丰富,自下而上可以划分出3个孢粉组合:Impardecispora-Cyathidites-Clavatipollenites组合,Stereisporites-Deltoidospora-Asteropollis组合,Appendicisporites-Asteropollis-Tricolpites组合,分别分布于伊敏组一段、二段和三段,组合特征明显,是海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷划分伊敏组与大磨拐河组的重要生物依据之一,更是伊敏组内三段划分和井间对比的生物依据之一。3个孢粉组合中见有属种繁多的海金沙科孢子及其他繁盛于早白垩世中晚期的孢子花粉,结合在绝大多数样品中发现的早期被子植物花粉的情况分析,推测含这3个孢粉组合的伊敏组地质时代为早白垩世巴列姆期—早阿尔必期(Barremian—Early Albian)。     

西昆仑康西瓦西北部库尔良早古生代角闪闪长岩花岗闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U—Pb测年

依据1:25万康西瓦幅区域地质调查成果,重点对库尔良早古生代深成岩的同位素年代学进行了详细的研究,获得了裂解期细粒黑云母角闪闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄均值506.8Ma±9.8Ma,中粒似斑状花岗闪长岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb法年龄500.2Ma±1.2Ma,表明其形成时代均为中寒武世。该同位素年龄的获得,为进一步详细地研究库地-其曼于特早古生代构造-岩浆岩带的裂解时限提供了直接的时代证据。     

Notes on fossil remains from the Early Cretaceous Lohan Cura Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina

In this contribution, we describe an association of fossil remains collected in the locality of Cerro de Los Leones, approximately 8 km southwest of the town of Picún Leufú, Neuquén Province, Argentina, from different levels of the Albian Cullín Grande Member, Lohan Cura Formation. The fossils include pelecypodan (Neocorbicula dinosauriorum, Neocorbicula pehuenchensis, and genus indet.) and gastropodan (Physa wichmanni) molluscs, a mesoeucrocodylian, possible pterosaurs, theropods, and sauropods. The sedimentary environment at Cerro de los Leones is characterized by fluvial deposits corresponding to a sandy meandering fluvial system. The most fossiliferous levels (located in the lower part of the exposed sequence) were developed in a distal flood plain and flood basin areas. Sedimentological and paleopedological features suggest semi-arid conditions during the deposition of the Cullín Grande Member. Despite the fragmentary nature of the specimens described here, the new information provided from the Albian assemblages of the Lohan Cura Formation at the Cerro de Los Leones locality provides a broader panorama of the composition of terrestrial faunas during the Early Cretaceous in Patagonia.     

准噶尔盆地西缘克拉玛依早古生代蛇绿混杂岩带的厘定

准噶尔盆地西缘新发现的克拉玛依蛇绿混杂带,其形成时代尚未给出确切的结论。本文通过微体古生物研究,确定该蛇绿混杂岩带形成于早古生代。     

新甘交界红柳河地区早二叠世火山作用的环境响应

新甘交界红柳河地区早二叠世玄武岩与灰岩互层,玄武岩局部发育为枕状,枕间充填灰岩。通过对剖面碳酸盐岩样品的全岩无机碳氧同位素研究发现,与玄武岩互层的层状灰岩的δ~(13)C 和δ~(18)O 平均值分别为3.2‰和-14.2‰,枕状玄武岩间的块状灰岩的δ~(13)C 和δ~(18)O 的平均值分别为-0.7‰和-18.2‰,即碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素组成在火山快速爆发时期相对于火山活动间隙时期明显偏负。通过对层状灰岩和枕间灰岩碳氧同位素研究发现,海盆火山作用是环境变化的主要控制因素。     

西昆仑康西瓦北侧蒙古包—普守—带早古生代花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U—Pb测年

依据1:25万康西瓦幅区域地质调查成果,重点对西昆仑康西瓦北侧蒙古包—普守一带早古生代花岗岩的岩石学、岩石地球化学及同位素年代学进行了综合研究。岩石学和地球化学特征表明,该花岗岩为高钾钙碱性花岗岩类,锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为443.1 Ma±2.3Ma和430.7Ma±2,6Ma,形成时代为晚奥陶世—早志留世。该成果的获得,为进一步系统地研究蒙古包—普守早古生代蛇绿混杂岩带及与其配套的早古生代花岗岩提供了直接的时代证据,为进一步深入地研究西昆仑造山带的地质构造演化提供了新的实际资料。     

论浙江东部早白垩世中期断陷事件和断陷岩套

早白垩世中期中国东南部发生过一次断陷事件,并形成一事件地层单元——断陷岩套。叙述了断陷岩套的形成机理、特征和类型,并利用事件地层单元同时性原理,论证了建组剖面"塘上组"的层位与永康群下部馆头组相同,而非高居永康群之上的"新构造亚层";也论证了嵊县三界一带的所谓"大爽组二段"应为馆头组。这两个断陷岩套中所含生物群证实:事件地层学原理所得的关于其层位与时代的结论是正确的。     

以树轮宽度重建九寨沟1750年以来 冬半年平均最低温度*

利用四川九寨沟地区树轮宽度年表对该地区1750A.D.以来的冬半年(上年11月到当年3月)平均最低温度进行模拟重建,重建方程的方差解释量为46.2 ％ (调整自由度后为45.1 ％ )。结果表明,九寨沟地区在重建期间平均最低温度较低的时段主要有1814~1844年和1937~1984年两个阶段; 而平均最低温度较高的时段主要有1795~1813年和1984年至今两个时期,其中1984年之后的升温时段尤为显著,与川西其他地点冬季温度重建非常相近。计算显示,与尼泊尔Kathmandu冬半年平均气温(上年10月到当年2月)相比,九寨沟地区冬半年平均最低温度存在显著2年滞后(r=0.27, p<0.0001),而1825年前后及1970年前后两个冬季低温时段在两个地点大体是一致的,这些现象表明青藏高原周边地区冬半年温度变化的趋同性。功率谱分析表明,九寨沟地区冬半年平均最低温度2.11~6.86a的准周期与ENSO周期比较一致,而18.46a准周期则显示了该地气温变动与天文准19a周期有一定关系。     

相山“流纹英安岩”单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

相山火山-侵入杂岩主要由晚中生代打鼓顶组、鹅湖岭组火山岩和浅成-超浅成侵入岩所组成,主要岩石类型有酸性火山碎屑岩、碎斑熔岩、花岗斑岩和“流纹英安岩”等,“流纹英安岩”长期作溢流相火山岩处理。应用单颗粒锆石U-Pb法,对相山“流纹英安岩”进行了测年,获得其年龄为129.54±7.93Ma,该年龄小于相山火山-侵入杂岩的主体岩石——碎斑熔岩的年龄,结合其产状形态特征,认为“流纹英安岩”属火山期后浅成-超浅成侵入的流纹英安斑岩。结合前人测年资料,参照上侏罗统与下白垩统的145.5Ma界线年龄,提出相山火山-侵入杂岩的形成时代为早白垩世的新认识。     

A cold Early Palaeozoic subduction zone in the North Qilian Mountains, NW China: petrological and U-Pb geochronological constraints

The north Qilian high‐pressure (HP)/low‐temperature (LT) metamorphic belt is composed mainly of blueschists, eclogites and greenschist facies rocks. It formed within an Early Palaeozoic accretionary wedge associated with the subduction of the oceanic crust and is considered to be one of the best preserved HP/LT metamorphic belts in China. Here we report new lawsonite‐bearing eclogites and eclogitic rocks enclosed within epidote blueschists in the North Qilian Mountains. Five samples contain unaltered lawsonite coexisting with omphacite and phengite as inclusions in garnet, indicating eclogite facies garnet growth and lawsonite pseudomorphs were observed in garnet from an additional 11 eclogites and eclogitic rocks. Peak pressure conditions estimated from lawsonite omphacite‐phengite‐garnet assemblages were 2.1–2.4 GPa at temperatures of 420–510 °C, in or near the stability field of lawsonite eclogite, and implying formation under an apparent geothermal gradient of 6–8 °C km^?1, consistent with metamorphism in a cold subduction zone. SHRIMP U‐Pb dating of zircon from two lawsonite‐bearing eclogitic metabasites yields ages of 489 ± 7 Ma and 477 ± 16 Ma, respectively. CL images and mineral inclusions in zircon grains indicate that these ages reflect an eclogite facies metamorphism. An age of 502 ± 16 Ma is recorded in igneous cores of zircon grains from one lawsonite pseudomorph‐bearing eclogite, which is in agreement with the formation age of Early Ordovician for some ophiolite sequences in the North Qilian Mountains, and may be associated with a period of oceanic crust formation. The petrological and chronological data demonstrate the existence of a cold Early Palaeozoic subduction zone in the North Qilian Mountains.