Age and petrogenesis of plagiogranite intrusions in the Ankara mélange, central Turkey

Abstract   The Ankara mélange within the Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone in north-central Turkey includes ophiolitic fragments that represent the remnants of an oceanic basement evolved between the Sakarya and Kirsehir continental blocks in the early Mesozoic. The serpentinized upper mantle peridotites and lower crustal rocks in these ophiolites are cross-cut by dolerite and plagiogranite dykes, which show mutually intrusive relations indicating their synchronous emplacement into the pre-existing oceanic lithosphere. Zircon dating (U–Pb) of a plagiogranite dyke has revealed a concordia age of ∼179 ± 15 Ma that is interpreted here as the crystallization age of this differentiated rock. A fourth fraction of the zircon separates from this rock has also shown an inherited component greater than 1.7 Ga, possibly derived from the Precambrian core of the Rhodope–Strandja Metamorphic Massif in the Balkan Peninsula. Models for plagiogranite formation were tested and it is concluded that a high extent (<70%) of anhydrous or water-undersaturated, early amphibole-free fractionation of a basaltic melt source may have readily produced the observed REE concentrations for the Ankara mélange plagiogranites. The trace element abundances and other geochemical features of the coeval dolerite dykes are similar to those of the plagiogranites, suggesting a common melt source. The Ta–Nb patterns shown by both the plagiogranite and dolerite dykes are typical of arc-related petrogenesis and can be explained by the addition of slab-derived components to a depleted mantle wedge. The Early Jurassic ophiolitic basement and the dyke intrusions were formed in a back-arc setting between the Paleo- and Neo-Tethyan domains in the eastern Mediterranean region. The Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan Sea developed in this back-arc environment and the related suture zone had a diachronous evolutionary history.     

濮阳市多时间尺度气温变化及对粮食生产的影响

利用线性分析方法，分析濮阳多时间尺度气温的变化特征及气候趋暖对粮食生产的影响。结果表明：冬、夏季和年平均气温升、降温趋势分别为0．23～0．46℃／10a、-0．05～-0．11℃／10a和0．14℃／10a；年高（≥35℃）、低（≤-10℃）温日数分别以3．36天／10a和2．35天／10a的趋势减少；日平均气温稳定通过0℃的初日提前4．91／10a、终日推后1．02天／10a，日平均气温稳定通过20℃的终日延长2．0天／10a；1987年以来濮阳相继出现17个暖冬，严重暖冬年份皆出现在1995年以后。当地引种的小麦品种冬性减弱，播种期推后，越冬期缩短，生育期延长。病虫害有加重趋势，农药、化肥用量增加。 结论认为：当地气侯变化具有冬趋暖夏趋凉的特征，高低温危害减少，积温的有效性增加，作物生长期与灌浆期延长；自上世纪90年代中期以来，异常暖冬事件增多，近10年是50年以来最暖的10年。同时冬季平均气温年际间波幅增大，春季气温不稳定，气温变化的不确定性增加。气候变暖对当地粮食生产有利因素较多，但不利因素也很突出，如何趋利避害，确保粮食安全是需要进一步研究的问题。     

新疆北山地区中坡山北镁铁质岩体岩石地球化学与岩石成因

中坡山北镁铁质岩体位于新疆北山裂谷带的中带,岩体形态为相互联通的岩盆状,出露面积约180km~2。由角闪辉长岩、橄榄辉石岩、橄榄辉长岩、苏长辉长岩和斜长岩组成,岩相带呈同心环状展布,相互间呈渐变过渡关系。锆石U-Pb法同位素年龄为274+4Ma。岩相学、岩石化学、造岩矿物晶体化学和稀土元素地球化学特征均显示了非常发育的分离结晶作用。橄榄辉石岩和橄榄辉长岩主要由早期结晶相聚集而成,橄榄石是最初的液相线相,单斜辉石是数量最多的分离结晶相。斜长岩由残余岩浆结晶而成。母岩浆应该是高镁的拉斑玄武岩浆。Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成和岩石地球化学特征充分证明了岩浆与围岩之间的物质交换。同化混染作用明显地改变了侵入岩的同位素组成和大离子亲石元素丰度。除斜长岩外,各种岩石的TiO_2、Na：O、K_2O、大离子亲石元素和稀土元素丰度均很低,受同化混染作用影响较小的样品的ε_Nd(t)=+6．80,这些特征证明其岩浆源区属亏损型地幔。FeO~*和SiO_2含量证明,熔融作用开始时,源岩为二辉橄榄岩；当熔融作用持续到一定程度时,源岩物质转化为方辉橄榄岩。稀土元素地球化学证明,熔融作用发生于尖晶石稳定域内。综合各方面要素可以证明,中坡山北岩体是塔里木板块二叠纪期间第四种类型地幔源区部分熔融的产物。     

北祁连山东段银硐粱早古生代高镁埃达克岩：地球动力学及成矿意义

银硐粱早古生代花岗闪长岩分布在北祁连造山带东段屈吴山地区,侵入于原阴沟群和前寒武纪变质岩系中。它与米家山、扁强沟、清凹山以及南华山花岗岩类共同构成长约220千米的构造—花岗岩带,沿 NW-NWW 向展布。地球化学研究结果表明,银硐粱花岗闪长岩具有典型的高镁埃达克岩的地球化学特征,它们具有富 Na 贫 K,SiO_2>56%,Al_2O_3>15%,Na_2O>4.0%(4.51%～4.92%),K_2O(1.96～2.77%),Na_2O/K_2O=1.63～2.40,属钙碱性侵入岩;高 Sr(599～691×10~(-6)),低 Y(6.3～8.1×10~(-6)),Sr/Y>40(81～94),Y/Yb>10(Yb<1.9×10~(-6)),La/Yh>20(22～45)以及相对于典型的埃达克岩,具有更高的 Mg~#(58～64,平均59)和相容元素 Ni(31～38×10~(-6))和 Cr(35～43×10~(-6))含量;富集轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损重稀土元素(HREE),(La/Yb)_N>10(16～32),轻微负 Eu 异常(Eu/Eu*平均为0.94),∑REE(85～112)×10~(-6);微量元素蛛网图显示,岩石富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr),Nb-Ta 和 Ti 负异常,相对于 Ce 和 Nd,Sr 为正异常。由于银硐粱高镁埃达克岩是俯冲洋壳部分熔融的产物,因此,它的存在表明,老虎山弧后洋盆在早古生代早期发生了向北的俯冲作用。银硐粱 Cu-Au 成矿作用与高镁埃达克岩关系密切,表明在北祁连构造带东段寻找与埃达克岩有关的 Cu-Au 矿床是一个新的找矿思路。     

藏北龙木错东部三岔口地区下奥陶统与泥盆系的不整合界面

在北羌塘三岔口一带采获丰富的腕足类:汉伯矮正形贝及比较种Nanorthis cf.hamburgensis(Walcott).建立了早奥陶世岩石地层单位--三岔口组,是羌塘地区目前有化石控制的最低层位.中、晚泥盆世拉竹龙组与下伏志留系、奥陶系不整合接触关系的进一步确定,证明了羌北-昌都板块与扬子板块的亲缘性,为羌北-昌都板块属性的确定提供了重要证据.     

SVM和ANN方法在铜川盛夏暴雨预报中的对比试验

分析了运城市1964年～2003年自然降水的变化趋势和季节分布特征,发现年降水量以14m m/10a速率快速递减,春、夏、秋季的降水处于减少的趋势中,冬季没有明显的变化趋势。年降水的不断减少及其在不同季节的分布特征对该市冬小麦生产十分不利。     

A Large Ductile Sinistral Strike-Slip Shear Zone and Its Movement Timing in the South Qilian Mountains, Western China

There is a large ductile shear zone, 2 km wide and more than 3SO km long, in the South Qilian Mountains, western China. It is composed of volcanic, granitic and calcareous mylonites. The microstructures of the ductile shear zone show nearly E-W extending subvertical foliation, horizontal and oblique stretching lineations, shearing sense from sinis-tral to oblique sinistral strike-slip from east to west, "A" type folds and abundant granitic veins. Measured lattice preferred orientations (LPOs) of the mylonitic and recrystallized quartz of the granitic mylonite in the west segment suggest a strong LPO characterized by the dominant slip systems {1010} formed at high temperature (>650℃). K-feldspar of the mylonite shows an 39Ar/40Ar high-temperature plateau age of 243.3±1.3 Ma, and biotite, 250.5±0.5 Ma, which represent the formation age of the ductile shear zone. The 39Ar/40Ar plateau ages of 169.7±0.3 Ma and 160.6±0.1 Ma and the 39Ar/40Ar isochron ages of 166.99±2.37 Ma and 160.6±0.1 Ma of biot     

中国早寒武世岩相古地理

本文中的中国主要指我国的大陆、海南岛及台湾等地区的陆地部分。本文由中国早寒武世早期及晚期的岩相古地理图2幅及相应的文字论述组成。这两幅岩相古地理图的最大特征是“两槽和三台相间分布”。两槽即天山北山蒙辽吉槽地和昆仑秦岭槽地,三台即准噶尔蒙兴槽地、塔里木柴达木华北台地和西藏华南台地。两个槽地与三个台地之间的界限是根据大地构造、地层、岩石、岩相等资料综合判断而定的,绝大部分是比较确切的,有的地方是推断的。天山北山槽地可分出次级岩相古地理单元,其他槽地的次级岩相古地理单元尚难以划分。在三个台地中,华南、华北和西北地区的研究程度较高,它们的次级岩相古地理单元的划分均有确切的定量资料和图件为依据,是定量的,而且还能把早寒武世早期和晚期的岩相古地理区分开;其他地区的研究程度较低,难以再划分次级古地理单元,其古地理图都只能是定性的。这种研究程度有差异的、定量和定性兼有的、全国范围的岩相古地理图,既反映笔者等的研究成果,也反映我国当前地质工作的研究程度,优缺兼有,实虚共存。敬请读者指教。     

RESPONSE OF THE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION TO WINTER SNOW COVER ANOMALY*

In this paper,the response of the atmospheric general circulation to winter anomalous snow cover was investigated through observations studies and model simulation.Results from the observations show that:(1)the anomalous winter snow cover in the extratropics of Eurasian Continent bears an intimate relation to the contemporary atmospheric general circulation.The positive anomaly of winter snow cover is usually accompanied by positive atmospheric EUP teleconnection pattern and stronger East Asian winter monsoon:or vice versa.(2)The linkage between them suggests that the abnormal winter snow cover has an important impact on winter atmospheric general circulation.The anomalous snow cover pattern can lead to the anomaly of winter atmospheric EUP teleconnection pattern and thus influence East Asian Winter monsoon.With NCAR CCM2 including BATS land surface scheme,three groups of experiments were performed to examine the atmospheric response to the anomalous snow cover pattern and explore the relevant mechanism.Simulated results agree well with the observations,which testify the significant response of the atmosphere to snow cover anomaly.It is found that the radiative cooling induced by anomalous snow cover plays an important role in above processes,and the feedback of long-wave radiation can not be neglected.     

冬小麦赤霉病流行程度长期预报模型

小麦赤霉病的发生流行程度主要由天气条件决定,而５００ｈＰａ大气环流因子是较好地表征天气形势和控制天气条件的物理量。利用最优化相关分析方法,分区挑选了与小麦赤霉病显著、稳定相关的５００ｈＰａ大气环流因子,在此基础上建立了冬小麦赤霉病流行程度长期预报环流模型。