ENSO对南沙海域气候状况的影响

对１９６１—１９９０年（部分资料到１９９４年）期间在南沙海域的观测资料，进行了统计分析，其结果表明：在ＥＮＳＯ发生的当年，南沙海域的海平面气压呈正距平，年降水量明显偏少，热带气旋活动的日数一般偏少；在历次ＥＮＳＯ过程中，南沙海域的总云量与ＳＯＩ的变化趋势基本一致。该项工作有助于了解ＥＮＳＯ对南沙海域天气气候的综合影响和提高天气预报的质量     

Possible Linkage Between Tropical Indian Ocean SST Anomalies and the Date ofFirst and Last Tropical Cyclones Landfalling in the Chinese Mainland

Bases on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis products, Had ISST dataset, and data of tropical cyclone(TC)landfalling in the Chinese mainland during 1960-2019, the possible impacts of Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) mode and Indian Ocean basin(IOB) mode on the last-TC-landfall date(LLD) and first-TC-landfall date(FLD), respectively, are investigated in this study. The LLD is in significantly negative correlation with autumn IOD on the interannual timescale and their association is independent of El Nino-Southern O...     

Assessing the Influence of the ENSO on Tropical Cyclone Prevailing Tracks in the Western North Pacific

Using a statistical model for simulating tropical cyclone (TC) formation and a trajectory model for simulating TC tracks, the influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the peak-season (July-September) TC prevailing tracks in the western North Pacific basin is assessed based on 14 selected El Nino and 14 selected La Nina years during the period 1950-2007. It is found that the combination of statistical formation model and a trajectory model can simulate well the primary features of TC prevai...     

1873—1996年东亚冬,夏季风强度指数及其主要特征

用１８７３￣１９９６年／１９９７年资料,延长计算了东亚冬夏季风强度指数,研究了指数的年际及年代际变化的主要特征。指出该指数与我国的冬、夏季天气的年际变化、年代际变化关系密切。还指出,该指数与印度季风强度正相关,并且能解释季风的准两年振荡。     

近赤道太平洋表层和斜温层海温的变化与ENSO

用ＮＭＣ１９８２～１９９３年海洋再分析资料集,分析近赤道太平洋（１０°Ｓ～１０°Ｎ）海洋上层（０～４００ｍ）温度的季节和年际变化特征。分析揭示,上层海温的年际变化比季节变化大。在ＥＮＳＯ年或反ＥＮＳＯ年,由于斜温层深度变化大,斜温层附近的海温异常比海表还大,无论在西太平洋暖水区,还是东太平洋冷水区,斜温层附近温度距平都可达±７°℃以上,而且西太平洋暖水区的最大异常出现在赤道两侧４°～９°区域。     

两类ENSO事件前期的热带太平洋海温距平场

分析了１９５６年以来两类ＥＮＳＯ事件热带太平洋海温距平场的特征。结果指出,东部型ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件前期为ＬａＮｉｎａ事件年,热带中东太平洋为强的海温负距平,东部型ＬａＮｉｎａ事件前期为ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件年,热带中不太平洋为强的海温正距平,中部型ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件前期热带中西太平洋多为明显的海温正距平,中部型ＬａＮｉｎａ事件前期热带东太平洋多为明显的海渐负距平。两类ＥＮＳＯ事件前期海温距平场特殊基本相反。     

1997年的强ENSO事件

根据目前的海洋－大气资料,对普遍关注的１９９７年３月在热带太平洋开始形成的一次新的强ＥＮＳＯ事件进行了诊断研究,结果表明：赤道中、东太平洋大范围持续增温１－４℃、热带印度海洋温也同步增暖。ＳＯＩ持续异常低值,但还不及１９８２／１９９３年的工。赤道太平洋对流层低层信风异常减弱,高层东风加强。ＯＬＲ低值中心和最大负距平中心东移,赤道中太平洋对流活动加强。环太平洋沿岸热带地区出现明显旱涝异常。此次ＥＮＳ     

Analysis of Precipitation Anomaly and a Failed Prediction During the Dragon-boat Rain Period in 2023

This study investigates the possible causes for the precipitation of Guangdong during dragon-boat rain period(DBRP) in 2022 that is remarkably more than the climate state and reviews the successes and failures of the prediction in2022. Features of atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature(SST) are analyzed based on several observational datasets for nearly 60 years from meteorological stations and the NCEP/NCAR Global Reanalysis Data. Results show that fluctuation of the 200-h Pa weste...     

A New Strategy for Solving a Class of Constrained Nonlinear Optimization Problems Related to Weather and Climate Predictability

There are three common types of predictability problemsin weather and climate, which each involve different constrained nonlinearoptimization problems: the lower bound of maximum predictable time, theupper bound of maximum prediction error, and the lower bound of maximumallowable initial error and parameter error. Highly efficient algorithmshave been developed to solve the second optimization problem. And thisoptimization problem can be used in realistic models for weather and climateto study the upper bound of the maximum prediction error. Although afiltering strategy has been adopted to solve the other two problems, directsolutions are very time-consuming even for a very simple model, whichtherefore limits the applicability of these two predictability problems inrealistic models. In this paper, a new strategy is designed to solve theseproblems, involving the use of the existing highly efficient algorithms forthe second predictability problem in particular. Furthermore, a series ofcomparisons between the older filtering strategy and the new method areperformed. It is demonstrated that the new strategy not only outputs thesame results as the old one, but is also more computationally efficient.This would suggest that it is possible to study the predictability problemsassociated with these two nonlinear optimization problems in realisticforecast models of weather or climate.     

应用互信息法和Cao方法探讨ENSO的可预报性

为了研究ENSO的可预报性及其在空间和时间上的变化,利用相空间重构的参数确定方法——互信息法和Cao方法来分析研究海表温度异常（SSTA）序列。互信息法的结果表明,时间序列较长,求出的延迟时间较符合理论值。Cao方法的结果表明：SSTA序列的随机性比海杂波强;空间上,赤道东太平洋SSTA序列的确定性较赤道西太平洋的强。