弹簧钢球式安全离合器在钻机中的应用

分析了钻机在过程中经常发生机械事故的主要原因,提出了解决这一问题的方法,即在钻机内的传动轴上安装弹簧钢球式安全离合器在钻机中的经过反复试验论证辽一方法的可行性。     

Some aspects of head‐variance evaluation

We compare two methods of evaluating head covariance for two‐dimensional steady‐state flow in mildly heterogeneous bounded rectangular aquifers. The quasi‐analytical approach, widely used in stochastic subsurface hydrology, is based on the Green's function representation, and involves numerical four‐fold integration. We compare this approach with a numerical solution of the two‐dimensional boundary‐value problem for head covariance. We show that the finite differences integration of this problem is computationally less expensive than numerical four‐fold integration of slowly‐convergent infinite series. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

利用WRF对兰州冬季大气边界层的数值模拟

本文介绍了WRF中尺度模式的有关概况,分析了模式的物理结构,并利用WRF中尺度模式对河谷城市兰州冬季大气边界层的风场和温度场进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果与观测事实基本一致,表明WRF模式具有良好的稳定性能。     

GNSS控制网方案优化与数据处理分析

GNSS布设平面控制网已在工程项目中得到广泛应用.获得满意的平差结果的前提条件为:①高质量的基线数据;②约束GNSS控制网的已知点精度足够高,使得GNSS控制网的整体精度不受已知点约束而有明显改变;③优化的平差方案;④科学严密的平差模型.通过对某项目GNSS控制网的布设进行优化设计,并利用不同软件对观测数据进行处理分析...     

混合ADI-FDTD亚网格技术在探地雷达频散媒质中的高效正演

提出混合ADI-FDTD亚网格技术开展频散介质GPR正演,即在物性参数变化剧烈局部区域采用细网格剖分ADI-FDTD计算,其他的区域采用粗网格剖分常规FDTD计算,ADI-FDTD突破了CFL条件的限制,可选取与粗网格一致的大时间步长,有效地提高了计算效率.本文首先基于Debye方程,推导了粗网格FDTD及细网格ADI-FDTD频散介质差分格式,着重对粗细两种网格结合的场值交换方式进行了深入探讨,给出了该算法的计算流程.然后以一个薄层模型为例,分别应用粗网格、细网格、混合ADI-FDTD亚网格算法对该模型进行正演,计算资源的占用及模拟精度说明了混合ADI-FDTD亚网格算法的优势.最后,建立频散介质与非频散介质的组合模型,应用3种方法对该模型进行正演,对比3种方法优劣,分析雷达剖面中非频散介质及频散介质中波形特征,有效地指导雷达资料的精确解释.     

A Finite Volume Scheme for the Transport of Radionucleides in Porous Media

The COUPLEX1 Test case (Bourgeat et al., 2003) is devoted to the comparison of numerical schemes on a convection–diffusion–reaction problem. We first show that the results of the simulation can be mainly predicted by a simple analysis of the data. A finite volume scheme, with three different treatments of the convective term, is then shown to deliver accurate and stable results under a low computational cost.     

Characterisation of hydroclimatological trends and variability in the Lake Naivasha basin,Kenya

Recent hydro‐climatological trends and variability characteristics were investigated for the Lake Naivasha basin with the aim of understanding the changes in water balance components and their evolution over the past 50 years. Using a Bayesian change point analysis and modified Mann–Kendall tests, time series of annual mean, maximum, minimum, and seasonal precipitation and flow, as well as annual mean lake volumes, were analysed for the period 1960–2010 to uncover possible abrupt shifts and gradual trends. Double cumulative curve analysis was used to investigate the changes in hydrological response attributable to either human influence or climatic variability. The results indicate a significant decline in lake volumes at a mean rate of 9.35 × 10⁶ m³ year^?1. Most of the river gauging stations showed no evidence of trends in the annual mean and maximum flows as well as seasonal flows. Annual minimum flows, however, showed abrupt shifts and significant (upward/downward) trends at the main outlet stations. Precipitation in the basin showed no evidence of abrupt shifts, but a few stations showed gradual decline. The observed changes in precipitation could not explain the decline in both minimum flows and lake volumes. The findings show no evidence of any impact of climate change for the Lake Naivasha basin over the past 50 years. This implies that other factors, such as changes in land cover and infrastructure development, have been responsible for the observed changes in streamflow and lake volumes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

2017年9月4日河北临城M_L4.4地震震源深度测定

震源深度是地震定位中的重要参数之一。对于一个地震,sPn与Pn震相到时差是一个常量,与震中距无关,只与震源深度和地壳模型有关。基于该理论,以河北数字台网数据为基础,识别sPn震相和Pn震相,计算2017年9月4日河北临城ML4.4地震震源深度,结果为6.86km。双差定位法是目前确定震源深度比较精确的方法,双差定位得到的震源深度为7.01km。双差定位法所用数据量比较大,计算过程繁杂。利用sPn与Pn到时差计算震源深度的结果与双差定位法结果接近,计算快速、简单,所需数据量小。因此,将该方法应用到实际工作中,可以快速、准确地测定近震震源深度。     

石油勘探开发数据元管理技术

ISO对数据元管理方面只规定注册管理,缺少数据元质量控制技术、分类管理、数据元搜索技术,难以满足实际应用需要.给出基于语义的石油勘探开发数据元管理架构;以基于油田领域本体的数据元语义形式化定义为基础,提出数据元质量控制模型、数据元分类模式、数据元搜索服务等管理技术.该技术已经应用于中国石化石油勘探开发数据元管理中.