拟合水工设计反应谱的人工地震波的生成与Huang变换校正

根据非平稳输入下建立的功率谱与均值反应谱之间的关系,合成基于水工设计反应谱的人工地震波,并对其幅值进行修正,降低了高频区误差作用.为了解决加速度时程积分后的速度、位移时程的零线漂移现象,利用Huang变换得到加速度时程的固有模态函数,这种最低频率固有模态函数分量通常情况下代表原始信号的趋势或均值;再对去掉均值后的加速度时程进行积分,得到的速度、位移时程不存在零线漂移问题.     

改进曲率模态识别桥梁损伤位置方法研究

结构健康监测和结构状态评估的主要前提之一是结构损伤识别。基于曲率模态对结构局部损伤比较敏感和频率指标测试简单方便、精度高的特点,本文提出了一种以结构的曲率模态为基础,综合考虑频率的变化的改进的结构损伤识别方法。随机子空间方法是一种行之有效的基于环境激励的结构状态识别方法。该方法的主要优点是无需人工激励,不中断桥梁的运营。为此,论文提出了一种不中断桥梁运营的基于改进曲率模态的桥梁结构损伤识别方法。最后用一三跨连续梁的有限元模型对该改进方法进行了验证。结果表明,采用随机子空间结合改进的曲率模态方法可以在不中断桥梁运营的前提下有效地识别出桥梁的损伤状况。     

RC框架结构直接基于位移的抗震优化设计方法

探讨了静力弹塑性分析验证过程中遇到的几种情况及其产生原因,指出建筑结构设计方案在基于位移的抗震设计中的重要性。从框架结构的侧移模式出发,导出结构一定性能水平的目标顶点位移,建立结构目标顶点位移与等效位移的关系式,根据位移反应谱,由等效位移推出框架结构在各性能水平的目标周期。然后,由pushover曲线确定结构刚度退化机理,导出结构各性能水平相应的自振周期比例关系,根据结构各性能水平自振周期与目标周期的关系确定结构最优设计方案。通过例题加以验证,说明了此设计方法的可行性。     

经验模态分解法在地震资料处理中的应用试验

通过对多种连续小波基的平稳序列时频分析,提出经验模态的非平稳序列的时频分析方法,并在地震资料处理解释应用中作探索性试验.试验结果表明：对地震记录道长为5 s和2 ms采样资料,经验模态分解后可获得6-7个固有模态函数单分量,分解的第一个分量C1（t）具有较宽的频率成分,可作为地震属性的主分量.     

一次夏季东北冷涡中积云发展过程的数值模拟

运用中国科学院大气物理所设计开发的三维冰雹云模式,对2002年7月11日至15日期间,发生在中国东北地区的一次由冷涡天气诱发的积云对流变化过程进行三维数值模拟。模拟结果表明:(1)冷涡诱发的积云自然降水呈中小尺度复合体的特征;(2)积云起源于低层暖湿区域里,并由强上升气流抬升到高层,得到充分发展;(3)冷涡中积云同样存在液态水累积区,一般出现在最大上升气流上,其中液态水含量随着积云的发展而变化,冰雹即在此液态水累积区0℃以下的区域内生长;(4)在模拟区域内,模拟出了多个积云单体的并合现象,而后发展为积云团;(5)模拟出的积云形态与雷达回波基本吻合。     

水汽场初值调整及其对华南降水预报贡献的研究

该文利用GMS多通道气象卫星资料推导得到的降水资料估算出的加热率, 作为非绝热的非线性正规模初始化过程中的非绝热强迫项, 进行风压场的初值调整, 再采用一个与模式中的对流参数化方案相反的逆运算方案, 进行水汽场的初值调整.以保证初始时刻按模式的物理参数化方案计算得到的加热率与由卫星推导的加热率一致. 这一方法在非绝热的非线性正规模初值化的框架中, 使初始时刻的水汽场得到调整.既实现了传统的初始化目标, 又提高了模式对降水的短时预报效果.对华南的两个个例的试验结果表明该文的方法是有效的.     

A Large-Eddy Simulation and Lagrangian Stochastic Study of Heavy Particle Dispersion in the Convective Boundary Layer

Large-eddy simulation and Lagrangian stochastic dispersion models were used to study heavy particle dispersion in the convective boundary layer (CBL). The effects of various geostrophic winds, particle diameters, and subgrid-scale (SGS) turbulence were investigated. Results showed an obvious depression in the vertical dispersion of heavy particles in the CBL and major vertical stratification in the distribution of particle concentrations, relative to the passive dispersion. Stronger geostrophic winds tended to increase the dispersion of heavy particles in the lower CBL. The SGS turbulence, particularly near the surface, markedly influenced the dispersion of heavy particles in the CBL. For reference, simulations using passive particles were also conducted; these simulation results agreed well with results from previous convective tank experiments and numerical simulations.     

冬季北极海冰运动主模态的构成及其与海平面气压变化的关系

利用国际北极浮冰运动观测资料（IABP）（1979-1998）以及NCEP／NCAR月平均海平面气压再分析资料（1960-2002）,通过求解海冰运动异常的复斜方差矩阵,研究了冬季北极海冰运动主模态构成及其与海平面气压变化的关系。冬季海冰运动主模态是由两个海冰运动优势模态的一个线性组合构成,与这两个运动优势模态有直接关系的海平面气压变化主要发生在北极海盆及其边缘海区。尽管北极涛动（北大西洋涛动）通过影响海平面气压进而影响北极海冰运动,但是,北极涛动（北大西洋涛动）并不是决定海冰运动主模态的关键性因素。     

Adaptation of Pressure Based CFD Solvers for Mesoscale Atmospheric Problems

General purpose Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solvers are frequently used in small-scale urban pollution dispersion simulations without a large extent of ver- tical flow. Vertical flow, however, plays an important role in the formation of local breezes, such as urban heat island induced breezes that have great significance in the ventilation of large cities. The effects of atmospheric stratification, anelasticity and Coriolis force must be taken into account in such simulations. We introduce a general method for adapting pressure based CFD solvers to atmospheric flow simulations in order to take advantage of their high flexibility in geometrical modelling and meshing. Compressibility and thermal stratification effects are taken into account by utilizing a novel system of transformations of the field variables and by adding consequential source terms to the model equations of incompressible flow. Phenomena involving mesoscale to microscale coupled effects can be analyzed without model nesting, applying only local grid refinement of an arbitrary level. Elements of the method are validated against an analytical solution, results of a reference calculation, and a laboratory scale urban heat island circulation experiment. The new approach can be applied with benefits to several areas of application. Inclusion of the moisture transport phenomena and the surface energy balance are important further steps towards the practical application of the method.     

Temporal Characteristics of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and ENSO and Their Relationship Analyzed with Method of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)

1. IntroductionPacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a long-termENSO-like variability of the North Pacific. It can becharacterized by the first principal component of EOFof the North Pacific SST (Zhu and Yang, 2003; Tren-berth, 1990; Yang and Zhang, 2003). ENSO is thestrongest signal of annular change of global climatesystem (Trenberth, 1997). The spatial pattern of PDOis a wedge similar to El Nino. In the cool (warm)phases of PDO, the central and northwest Pacific is ofwarm (co…