南岭中生代陆壳重熔型花岗岩类成岩成矿的有关问题

南岭是中国重要的钨锡多金属成矿带。岩浆活动及成矿作用具有多阶段性的特点,成岩成矿作用具有统一的地质背景及构造应力场。陆壳重熔型花岗岩类不同成岩阶段具有极为一致的稀土元素分布模式,暗示它们的定位和冷却都是在深部同源岩浆分异事件中形成的;岩石和矿石稀土球粒陨石标准化曲线有着相似的变化特征,反映成矿与岩浆活动有着密切的成因联系,物质来源上具有一致性;矿石硫化物和岩石长石Pb同位素组成相近,显示成岩成矿物质有明显的亲缘关系。结合多数情况下矿脉切穿已固结岩体的地质事实,推测燕山中期陆壳重熔型花岗岩类成岩成矿物质主体来自深部同一岩浆源区,为同源岩浆分异演化不同阶段的产物;燕山晚期花岗质火山-侵入杂岩与相关锡铀矿化空间上密切伴生,物质来源也具同源性。典型复式岩体同源岩浆不同阶段侵位及相匹配的成矿作用时差一般小于10．0Ma,集中在0～8．0Ma。结合华南中生代岩石圈多次伸展活动的区域背景及矿床（田）地质特征,推测南岭地区的多阶段成岩成矿作用是脉动式构造演化的产物,成岩成矿物质来自深部同一岩浆房的不同演化阶段。     

南阿尔金晚泥盆世构造体制转换:来自索尔库里二长花岗岩年代学和地球化学的制约

对阿尔金索尔库里地区二长花岗岩进行了 LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及全岩主量、微量和稀土元素测试,结果表明二长花岗岩结晶年龄为(377.5±1.6)Ma和(377.4±2.1)Ma;具有高硅(SiO2=72.55％～76.41％)和高碱(K2O+Na2O=7.32％～8.59％)、正常的铝含量(A/CNK=0.9...     

西藏阿里北部羌塘地块内部的第四纪活动断层及其变形机制

藏北高原非常薄弱的活动断层调查研究程度和不完整的历史地震资料等,限制了对高原内部活动构造变形特征、机制以及孕震构造环境等的深入认识。通过综合地质、遥感和地震等资料对阿里北部羌塘地块内部进行详细的活动断层解译,结合沿阿鲁错地堑系南段昆楚克错地堑西侧边界正断层新发现的晚第四纪断裂活动证据和最新同震地表破裂等,对该区的活动断层几何图像及运动学特征等进行了深入分析。研究结果表明,阿里北部的西羌塘块体内部在第四纪以发育近南北向正断层系统和由北西向与北东向走滑断层构成的共轭走滑断层系统为特征,第四纪和晚第四纪活动断层都呈现出了高密度、弥散分布的特点,并可归纳为3类基本的活动构造变形样式：共轭走滑断层及其伴生正断层作用、弥散式正断层作用和剪切裂谷式正断层作用,其中大部分正断层与走滑断层主要是作为相对独立的构造类型来共同调节区域内近东西向伸展变形的,这些特征指示藏北高原内部变形更符合“连续变形模式”而非“刚性块体挤出模式”。同时发现,沿昆楚克错地堑西缘主边界正断层发育的最新地表破裂总长度仅约400 m,最大垂直位移约0.8 m,推测可能是1955年革吉县纳屋错东M_W6.5强震事件...     

吐哈盆地早、中侏罗世聚煤期古构造

吐哈含煤和油气盆地是地质历史演化过程中不同时代、不同性质的沉积盆地转化叠合的结果。岩相古地理分析表明,早、中侏罗世含煤岩系发育于伸展机制下的泛湖盆环境,经历了沼泽化-湖化-沼泽化-湖化过程。两次沼泽化（聚煤期）时间分别为早侏罗世八道湾期和中侏罗世西山窑期早期,两次湖泊扩张期为早侏罗世三工河期和中侏罗世西山窑期晚期。盆地基底具有受北东-南西向断裂和北西-南东向断裂控制、呈菱形断块组合的性质,同沉积期基底断块活动控制盆地古地理面貌和沉积格局。早、中侏罗世地层厚度等值线呈北东东-南西西向和北西西-南东东向交织展布,地层增厚、减薄带呈北东-南西向和北西-南东向相间排列。一般而言,两组凹陷带相交部位构成次级沉积中心,如台北凹陷西部、托克逊凹陷西部、哈密坳陷和艾维尔沟坳陷。吐哈盆地早、中侏罗世伸展作用的地球动力学背景是东天山地区后造山期应力松弛,导致造山带之间地幔物质运动激化,热扩容莫霍面上隆,使地壳上部处于引张应力状态,基底断裂以正断层位移形式造成断陷伸展,接受沉积并逐步扩展。     

Hornblende-bearing leucosome development during syn-orogenic crustal extension in the Tormes Gneiss Dome, NW Iberian Massif, Spain

The high-grade Lower Unit of the Tormes Gneissic Dome (TGD; NW sector of the Iberian Massif) contains tonalitic orthogneissic bodies that were migmatized during a heterogeneous ductile shearing, related to a major episode of syn-orogenic extensional deformation (D2). Both peak and retrograde P–T conditions were deduced from the analysis of reaction textures related to superimposed S2 fabrics developed during exhumation, analysis of mineral zoning and thermobarometric calculations in CaKFMASH and KFMASH systems. Syn-thermal peak partial melting of the tonalitic orthogneisses, via a biotite-dehydration melting reaction yielding hornblende, K-feldspar and melt, produced stromatic migmatites with leucosomes parallel to the S2 foliation of the mesosome as well as discordant patchy pegmatitic migmatites. The deduced post-thermal peak P–T path comprises an initial phase of decompression combined with cooling from 5.5–6 kbar at 750°C to ca. 4–4.5 kbar at 675°C, consistent with the sequence of initial retrograde mineral assemblages present in high-T mylonitic S2 fabrics. The later part of the syn-D2 P–T path indicates a significant cooling and is recorded by lower amphibolite to greenschist assemblages related to the later mylonitic S2 fabrics. The proposed melt reaction generating hornblende-bearing leucosomes may be important for crustal differentiation processes at mid-crustal levels during syn-orogenic extension, as well as for the production of certain types of high-level granites. The necessary conditions are large volumes of source material of intermediate composition and the production of a sufficient melt fraction.     

浙江沿岸基准面调查和分析

在对浙江沿岸主要验潮站的基准面进行调查和研究的基础上,确定了定海、大榭、健跳、坎门等站的潮高基面与１９８５国家高程基准的关系,这在沿海工程和灾害防御中有着重要价值。研究表明,浙江沿岸平均海平面量值高于１９８５国家高程基准,一般为２０ｃｍ左右;杭州湾的澉浦和浙南的琵琶门站多年平均海平面与邻近站不尽协调,它们的潮高基面可能有误     

Extension across the Indian–Arabian plate boundary:the Murray Ridge

Seismic reflection profiles from the Murray Ridge in the Gulf of Oman, northwest Indian Ocean, show a significant component of extension across the predominantly strike-slip Indian–Arabian plate boundary. The Murray Ridge lies along the northern section of the plate boundary, where its trend becomes more easterly and thus allows a component of extension. The Dalrymple Trough is a 25 km wide, steep-sided half-graben, bounded by large faults with components of both strike-slip and normal motion. The throw at the seabed of the main fault on the southeastern side of the half-graben reaches 1800 m. The northwest side of the trough is delineated by a series of smaller antithetic normal faults. Wide-angle seismic, gravity and magnetic models show that the Murray Ridge and Dalrymple Trough are underlain by a crystalline crust up to 17 km thick, which may be continental in origin. Any crustal thinning due to extension is limited, and no new crust has been formed.
We favour a plate model in which the Indian–Arabian plate boundary was initially located further west than the Owen Fracture Zone, possibly along the Oman continental margin, and suggest that during the Oligocene–Early Miocene Indian Ocean plate reorganization, the plate boundary moved to the site of the present Owen Fracture Zone and that motion further west ceased. At this time, deformation began along the Murray Ridge, with both the uplift of basement highs, and subsidence in the troughs tilting the lowest sedimentary unit. Qalhat Seamount was formed at this time. Subsequent sediments were deposited unconformably on the tilted lower unit and then faulted to produce the present basement topography. The normal faulting was accompanied by hanging-wall subsidence, footwall uplift, and erosion. Flat-lying recent sediments show that the major vertical movements have ceased, although continuing earthquakes show that some faulting is still active along the plate boundary.     

GPS在短基线控制网加密中的实践与应用

本文通过实例 ,介绍了使用GPS技术加密短基线控制网的作业方式和数据处理的特点 ,并对该类型控制网的精度评定进行了分析。实践证明 ,GPS完全可用于短基线的控制网加密 ,且精度明显优于传统导线。     

GEODYNAMICS OF SUPERLARGE DEPOSITS IN CHINSES YUNNAN-GUIZHOU-GUANGXI ON THE EASTERN MARGIN OF THE QINGZANG PLEAUTAN

GEODYNAMICS OF SUPERLARGE DEPOSITS IN CHINSES YUNNAN-GUIZHOU-GUANGXI ON THE EASTERN MARGIN OF THE QINGZANG PLEAUTANNNSFC (973Hi techProjects;;No 19990 432 10 )andFundsforDoctoralSupervisorsoftheStateEducation departmentofChina