车载移动测量系统在市政管线地形图测量中的精度分析

市政管线建设中,相应的地形图对其规划、设计等起着至关重要的作用。传统方式在市政管线地形图测量中有一定的局限性,特别是大城市的重要交通要道、快速路等。而车载移动测量系统则有其得天独厚的优势,快速、高效、安全。在测图过程中,车载移动测量系统精度受各方面的影响,如车速、地面遮挡、控制点布设等。本文对车速、控制点布设线路等方面进行了试验验证,结果表明,通过一定的质量控制措施,车载移动测量系统能够很好地应用于市政管线地形图测量中。     

狭长区域GNSS控制网数据处理方法研究

针对狭长区域GNSS控制网边长差异较大的问题,本文通过划分子网来降低数据处理的难度,从基线处理和网平差两个方面,分析了系统误差来源,研究了基准处理中卫星轨道误差、对流层误差以及网平差中位置、尺度、方位和时间演变基准误差的改正方法,形成了一套高精度数据处理方案。基于该方法,对三峡库区GPS滑坡监测网的实测数据进行了分析与处理,获得了高精度的处理结果,本研究对狭长区域GNSS控制网的建立具有借鉴意义和指导作用。     

基于天绘卫星影像的困难地区地形图测制方法

介绍了基于天绘影像的困难地区地形图测制技术,针对困难地区地形图的特点,分析影响地形图测制的因素,总结了提高困难地区地形图成果质量的方法。     

谈大数据时代的“云控制”摄影测量

在当今大数据时代,影像数据采集方式的多样化、高效化、便捷化产生的摄影测量影像大数据需要高效、自动与智能的处理。然而,作为传统摄影测量几何定位主要控制数据的外业控制点,其获取的复杂性与低效性仍然是制约摄影测量处理效率的关键因素。针对该问题,本文提出了"云控制"摄影测量的概念,以带有地理空间信息的数据作为几何控制替代外业控制点,通过自动匹配(或配准)获取大量密集的控制信息;并介绍了基于影像、矢量和LiDAR点云的3种"云控制"摄影测量技术;最后对"云控制"摄影测量的应用前景进行了展望并对其问题进行了讨论。     

大连市沿海丘陵地区地铁精密控制网关键技术研究

介绍了大连市沿海丘陵地区地铁施工控制网布设、观测中关键技术的研究及解决方案,其中利用GPS静态观测与传统精密导线测量相结合组成混合网平差、将精密导线点纳入二等水准网,实现平高复用等技术,可给同类工程实施提供参考。     

A review on reflective remote sensing and data assimilation techniques for enhanced agroecosystem modeling

During the last 50 years, the management of agroecosystems has been undergoing major changes to meet the growing demand for food, timber, fibre and fuel. As a result of this intensified use, the ecological status of many agroecosystems has been severely deteriorated. Modeling the behavior of agroecosystems is, therefore, of great help since it allows the definition of management strategies that maximize (crop) production while minimizing the environmental impacts. Remote sensing can support such modeling by offering information on the spatial and temporal variation of important canopy state variables which would be very difficult to obtain otherwise.In this paper, we present an overview of different methods that can be used to derive biophysical and biochemical canopy state variables from optical remote sensing data in the VNIR-SWIR regions. The overview is based on an extensive literature review where both statistical–empirical and physically based methods are discussed. Subsequently, the prevailing techniques of assimilating remote sensing data into agroecosystem models are outlined. The increasing complexity of data assimilation methods and of models describing agroecosystem functioning has significantly increased computational demands. For this reason, we include a short section on the potential of parallel processing to deal with the complex and computationally intensive algorithms described in the preceding sections.The studied literature reveals that many valuable techniques have been developed both for the retrieval of canopy state variables from reflective remote sensing data as for assimilating the retrieved variables in agroecosystem models. However, for agroecosystem modeling and remote sensing data assimilation to be commonly employed on a global operational basis, emphasis will have to be put on bridging the mismatch between data availability and accuracy on one hand, and model and user requirements on the other. This could be achieved by integrating imagery with different spatial, temporal, spectral, and angular resolutions, and the fusion of optical data with data of different origin, such as LIDAR and radar/microwave.     

A filtering approach for estimating lake water quality from remote sensing data

In this paper we consider the estimation of lake water quality constituent distributions from hyperspectral remote sensing data. We present a computational approach that can be used to assimilate information from mathematical evolution models into data processing. The method is based on a reduced order iterated extended Kalman filter, and a convection–diffusion model is used to describe the movement of the water quality constituents. The performance of the technique is evaluated in a simulation study. The results show that the filter approach with an appropriate evolution model yields estimates that have better spatial and temporal resolutions than those obtained with conventional methods. Furthermore, the use of a feasible evolution model may make it possible to obtain information also on the concentrations in the lower parts of the lake.     

地图误差对地图匹配质量的影响

高精度的数字地图是正确匹配车辆位置的基础。详细分析了地图数据的地理误差和拓扑误差的误差形式,路网数据模型的常见误差因素和改进策略,最后介绍了不同地图匹配算法对地图质量的敏感性和可行性。根据可能出现的误差对现有数字地图和匹配算法加以改进,弥补了原有数字地图带来的不精确缺陷。跑车实验证明,考虑了数字地图误差影响的匹配算法可以明显提高定位精度,减小车辆定位误差。     

第二次土地调查若干问题探讨

第二次土地调查的目的是全面查清全国土地利用状况,掌握真实的土地基础数据,如何保证调查的质量?文章以江阴市为例进行探讨。     

房产价格时空演变分析

以时空数据模型及房产价格为研究对象,在同时满足基于特征和事件的空间时态数据模型基础上,结合数据库、统计分析、数据挖掘等技术创建基于位置(栅格)和对象(矢量)相结合的时空数据模型,实现了对马鞍山市房产价格的查询和管理.