基于PC机上的桌面图形图像处理软件在遥感调查中的应用潜能

本文以南沙群岛岛、礁、滩、沙分布现状遥感调查为例,介绍基于PC机上的桌面图形、图像处理软件在遥感图像处理、解译和制图中的应用及其优越性。实践证明,桌面软件功能强大,具有操作方便、易于普及的特点,并能够实现可视化的计算机交互式图像解译和全数字化的计算机遥感制图。     

Morphotectonic evidence from lateral propagation of an active frontal fold; Pakuashan anticline, foothills of Taiwan

The Pakuashan anticline is uniquely suited for study of the forward and lateral growth of fault-related folds. The Pakuashan ridge development arises from the late Quaternary uplift of the most external thrust zone of the western foothills of Taiwan. From Kaoshiung to Taichung, recent and active westward thrusting occurs at the front of the foothills. The Pakuashan anticline, trending N 150°E in the northern part to N 000° in the southern part, has been active throughout the Quaternary period. This activity is marked by geological structures, tectonic geomorphology and seismicity. A multisource and multiscale approach to study of the continental collision setting has been undertaken to combine tectonics, sedimentology and geomorphology. Studies of fracture patterns allow identification of two main features of stress orientations: a WNW/ESE compression direction, and E–W and N–S extension directions. Quantitative geomorphic parameters have been used to define the morphotectonic evolution and to infer tectonic style along the mountain front. Geomorphic evidence provides significant information on the processes that govern lateral propagation of an active anticline. Quaternary terraces are uplifted, tilted and folded over the Pakuashan ridge. Drainage systems in areas of active compression give information on the thrust zone structures and their development. Steep drainage and high local relief indicate that the Pakuashan anticline forms a well-defined zone of high uplift, especially in the southern part. The two main controls on drainage in that area are rock strength in the hanging wall and propagation of the deformation towards the south.     

分析测试质量监控软件的开发与应用

编制了计算机统计计算密码抽查的合格率和插入标准样品分析结果累计统计的精密度和准确度的程序,从而大大减少了管理人员的劳动强度,提高了工作效率。实践证明,应用所编程序统计的合格率、准确度及精密度准确可靠,操作简单,方便。     

Forced vibrations of a clamped-free beam with a mass at the free end with an external periodic disturbance acting on the mass with applications in ships’ structures

An exact, analytical solution is obtained for the title problem which constitutes a classical one although no solution is available in well known textbooks and handbooks normally used by the structural engineer in several fields of technology: ocean and naval engineering, aerospace applications, etc. The authors performed this study motivated by a situation where excessive displacements were noticed in a structural element carrying a relatively small motor at the free end and placed at the engine room of a naval vessel. The Bernoulli-Euler model has been employed.     

The unusual cyclicity of the Triassic (Carnian) Bleiberg facies of the Wetterstein Formation (Drau Range,Austria)

The carbonate platform of the upper Wetterstein Formation (Cordevol) of the Drau Range (Austria) shows a distinct facies differentiation which depends on the palaeotopography. Although most areas of the platform were permanently flooded, a periodically emergent palaeotopographic high (Bleiberg facies) occurred near to the centre of the platform. The resulting cyclic sequences are composed of subtidal and intertidal to supratidal carbonates and emersion horizons. Typical shallowing upward cycles occur, as well as deepening upward, symmetrical and incomplete cycles. These types of cycles, with long-term emersion phases, can be explained by eustatic sea-level oscillations. It can be shown, due to an excellent lithostratigraphy based on distinct emersion horizons, that the cycle-type varies along a marker bed while the vertical distance between the emersion horizons is retained. Therefore the cycles cannot be explained by eustatic sea-level oscillations alone; local events which produce a local relief are necessary.A compiled profile of the Bleiberg facies is simulated with the help of a one-dimensional, parametric computer model. The quantification of some parameters which result from this simulation is used to verify and quantify the effects of relief on sedimentation.     

Predicting air temperature simultaneously for multiple locations in an urban environment: A bottom up approach

Cities are characterized by high heterogeneity that results in varied microclimate effects. The current study introduces a new bottom–up approach linking the urban Canyon Air Temperature (CAT) model with spatially distributed inputs extracted from a GIS data-base and remote sensing products to predict intra-urban temperature variability simultaneously for multiple locations in an urban environment. To provide proof of concept, the model was applied for the city of Bat-Yam, Israel. Simulation shows a maximum nighttime urban heat island (UHI) intensity of 2–2.25 °C, relative to a rural reference point, during both summer and winter, with significant spatial variability related to the height-to-width ratio of urban street canyons and to the surface land cover. The CAT simulation also highlighted the important influence of the local wind regime on the development and persistence of the nocturnal UHI. We conclude that linking CAT to a GIS data-base supports simulations at the city scale that reflect the local intra-urban variability. The model can be used to investigate both macro and micro scale spatio-temporal characteristics of the UHI in various urban development scenarios, which may be applied to generate appropriate geographically-explicit mitigation and adaptation measures.     

区域性酒店市场运行机制研究

现阶段国内对区域性酒店市场研究,主要集中在市场拓展的策略与方法上。为完善酒店市场理论基础,促进市场科学、合理有序竞争,在对现有酒店商品特征及其市场所具有的区域限制性、市场需求的异地性、敏感性以及季节性特征归纳总结的基础上,分析了区域性酒店市场供求规律,包括供求的短期与长期均衡以及不同市场状态间的转化过程。酒店商品的特殊性及其区别于一般商品市场的均衡过程主要体现在其需求量增长前期符合供求定理,而后期面对刚性供给,随着价格上升,需求量呈现不降反升的特征,这也使得区域性酒店市场的运行机制表现出酒店市场的适合规模与酒店市场的实际规模及经济发展水平之间存在不断适应与被适应的往复循环过程。     

常压室温等离子体技术诱变选育鲅鱼抗氧化肽发酵菌株

鲅鱼(Spanish mackerel)加工后的废弃物富含蛋白质,为了提高蛋白质的利用率并减少环境污染,可以采用微生物发酵的方法酶解这部分蛋白质制取抗氧化活性肽。本实验室已经筛选出一株芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Hy-2,以其发酵水产加工废弃物得到了具有较高抗氧化性的产物。为了进一步提高产物的抗氧化性,作者以该株产蛋白酶芽孢杆菌Hy-2为出发菌,采用常压室温等离子体(ARTP)诱变的方法筛选出1株突变菌Hy-23,以鲅鱼加工后的废弃物为原料,接种该突变菌株进行发酵,得到了具有一定抗氧化活性的发酵产物,酶解物总抗氧化活性提高了12.4%。经遗传稳定性测定,该芽孢杆菌突变株在传代8次之后其遗传稳定性仍然良好。     

国家防震减灾指挥中心的构成

介绍了防震减灾指挥中心作为领导和专家共同迅速有效处置地震应急事件的工作平台,该中心是国务院抗震救灾指挥的主要工作场所。防震减灾指挥中心包括指挥中心机房、指挥大厅和辅助工作区三部分。指挥中心建设是一项复杂的系统工程建设项目,包括了计算机系统、网络、通讯、声像、供电、空调、投影显示、GIS技术应用、数据库、软件开发、机房建设等。可对抗震救灾工作快速作出科学决策。     

离子束抛光工艺中驻留时间的分步消去算法

在离子束抛光工艺中,驻留时间的求解是很关键的。求解驻留时间是利用离子束加工函数和驻留时间的卷积等于镜面去除量的关系,而离子束抛光的过程就是一个执行解卷积的过程。受此启发,采用一种分步消去算法解矩阵的卷积运算。这种新算法占用计算机资源少,运算速度快,同时可以根据预先设定的加工精度算得满足要求的驻留时间函数。对这种新算法进行仿真分析,采用3种不同的消去顺序分步加工,得到了理想的仿真结果,PV值由抛光前的363.721 nm分别减小到6.136 nm、33.347 nm、3.875 nm,抛光后的镜面精度提高了很多。