全文获取类型
收费全文 | 649篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
国内免费 | 30篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 251篇 |
大气科学 | 14篇 |
地球物理 | 67篇 |
地质学 | 128篇 |
海洋学 | 32篇 |
天文学 | 16篇 |
综合类 | 42篇 |
自然地理 | 156篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 17篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 25篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 29篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 28篇 |
2014年 | 35篇 |
2013年 | 98篇 |
2012年 | 37篇 |
2011年 | 33篇 |
2010年 | 32篇 |
2009年 | 16篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 27篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 20篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有706条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
201.
202.
203.
ABSTRACTTypographic variables were only briefly discussed by Bertin with no example applications. We review historic examples to extend Bertin’s framework with literal encoding, 10 typographic attributes, variations on scope including characters, words, phrases and paragraphs, and more layout types. We then apply the framework to Bertin’s population dataset to create 11 new typographic visualizations. The approach raises questions for new research such as readability, semantic association, interaction, and comprehension. 相似文献
204.
Motti Zohar 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(6):532-546
ABSTRACTAt the beginning of the twentieth century, a British mapping team led by Captain S. F. Newcombe surveyed and mapped the Negev region, Sinai, and western Jordan. The map was mainly produced for military use. Consequently, it included a network of branched routes, water supplies and facilities, and topographic contours. This study used this map to examine the development of routes in the Negev region between the beginning of and until the end of the twentieth century. First, the individual sheets comprising the study area were pieced together and the accuracy of the map was evaluated. The accuracy found on the Newcombe map was 0.76 mm on the map scale, equivalent to 100.3 m. Route development during the twentieth century was then evaluated by comparing the routes digitized from the Newcombe map to digitized routes on a late twentieth-century map. The results do not reveal tremendous changes in path, shape, or number of routes. Instead, they merely indicate the natural development in their quality. This Historical GIS-based approach provided a useful technique for analyzing and comparing the line segments extracted from historical and modern maps. The implemented approach may also serve other geographical or historical studies aiming to examine the development of branched networks throughout history. 相似文献
205.
David Forrest 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):213-214
In recent years, the concepts of usability, user experience, and user-centricity have gained in interest. Digital applications, developed in line with criteria related to these approaches, ask for a deeper understanding of users and their requirements. But, even though there is a wide range of methods available, the creation of user-centric applications with good usability and user experience still poses great challenges for developers. This is also true for web maps, i.e. web map applications, which today are ubiquitous on the Internet. They have evolved into an important information and communication tool and address users who do not possess any specific knowledge of Geoinformatics (GI) or Cartography. Despite the efforts made to meet the requirements and preferences of laymen, these users still often face problems when dealing with web map applications. This refers to aspects of design, content, and functionality. Here, participatory design, which is well-known in the field of Software and Web Engineering, might provide a suitable means. By engaging users directly and actively in the application development process, developers are able to gain a profound understanding of the users and their needs. However, there are several open questions regarding the use of participatory design for designing and implementing web map applications: What does the use of participatory design in web map development processes look like in detail? How and to what degree can users be involved in the development processes? Which added values exist? These questions are addressed by the project YouthMap 5020, whose main goal it was to create a prototype youth-centric web map for the Austrian city of Salzburg (zip code 5020). Applying the approach of participatory design, about 120 teenage pupils from several local schools were involved in all kinds of tasks related to the phases of generating the youth-centric Salzburg web city map. Experience and knowledge gained thereby allowed elaborating recommendations generally useful for generating youth-centric web map applications. 相似文献
206.
探讨了灾害保障图的研究现状,基于"区域灾害系统"理论,给出了灾害保障图较为翔实的定义和分类,并着重从表达内容、表示方法、表现形式和符号设计方面对其可视化表达规律进行了探究。 相似文献
207.
Perceptual complexity of soil-landscape maps: a user evaluation of color organization in legend designs using eye tracking 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(6):560-581
ABSTRACTWe compared the ability of two legend designs on a soil-landscape map to efficiently and effectively support map reading tasks with the goal of better understanding how the design choices affect user performance. Developing such knowledge is essential to design effective interfaces for digital earth systems. One of the two legends contained an alphabetical ordering of categories, while the other used a perceptual grouping based on the Munsell color space. We tested the two legends for 4 tasks with 20 experts (in geography-related domains). We analyzed traditional usability metrics and participants’ eye movements to identify the possible reasons behind their success and failure in the experimental tasks. Surprisingly, an overwhelming majority of the participants failed to arrive at the correct responses for two of the four tasks, irrespective of the legend design. Furthermore, participants’ prior knowledge of soils and map interpretation abilities led to interesting performance differences between the two legend types. We discuss how participant background might have played a role in performance and why some tasks were particularly hard to solve despite participants’ relatively high levels of experience in map reading. Based on our observations, we caution soil cartographers to be aware of the perceptual complexity of soil-landscape maps. 相似文献
208.
通过对专题地图特点的研究,具体阐述了利用Microstation软件完成专题地图编辑与出版的技术与方法,并针对在实际生产过程中所出现的问题提出了相应的解决方案。 相似文献
209.
河南地图网作为数字河南地图公众服务平台,是互联网宣传河南的重要窗口。文章主要从网站的服务定位、数据组织和功能设计等方面介绍河南地图网的设计与建设,并对河南地图网的现状和发展前景进行分析和总结。 相似文献
210.
地理标志语言GML和可缩放矢量图形SVG是2种基于XML的开放性、应用性标记语言;GML和SVG的出现解决了GIS数据的共享和GIS数据的显示的难题。专题地图是GIS中一个重要的功能,它能够直观地对与专题相关的一种或几种数据进行表示,使得数据更有说服力。提出了基于GML、XSLT和SVG实现专题图的方法;绘制了某城市10年的月平均降雨量的专题图。 相似文献