稀疏信号恢复理论在CT图像重建中的应用

新的图像重建算法一直是CT成像前沿研究中的热点问题之一,而实际中常常遇到的有限角度重建问题则是其中的难点.Terence Tao和他的同事提出了一种稀疏信号恢复理论,为解决这个问题提出了可能的应用策略.我们在本文中介绍了这个理论并给出了在锥束CT重建中应用的初步结果.这种理论和策略的实现对很多应用情况都有重要的意义,为该领域的发展开辟了新的方向,也必将对该领域的发展产生重大影响.     

基于波场外推压制水层多次波

重点讨论了基于克希霍夫积分的波场外推方法预测水层多次波的方法原理及具体的数值实现.自适应减法是波动方程方法压制多次波的另一个重要方面,考虑到Monk提出的带约束的互均衡化算法在复杂模型情况下压制效果不是很理想,本文对其算法进行了改进,提出了基于矩形窗和海宁(hanning)窗的分段匹配算法,模型算例的处理结果表明,改进后的算法具有一定的优越性.     

基于相关分析的飞行器地磁匹配算法仿真研究

匹配算法是进行飞行器地磁辅助制导研究的重要内容之一.通过理论分析和借鉴地形匹配算法,采用了基于相关分析的地磁匹配算法,并介绍了几种常用的相关分析方法.分析了飞行器地磁匹配制导过程中可能的噪声来源,确定了主要噪声的模型.以测量数据作为基准图,以测量数据叠加各种噪声模拟实时图,对各种相关分析方法进行了匹配仿真.根据仿真结果,讨论了各种相关分析方法对不同噪声的敏感程度、匹配长度变化对各种相关分析方法的影响以及各种相关分析方法对飞行器地磁匹配制导的适用性,为相关分析方法的选择和对匹配算法进行更深入的研究奠定了一定基础.     

地球物理资料群体智能反演(英文)

复杂地球物理资料的反演问题往往是一个求解多参数非线性多极值的最优解问题。而鸟和蚂蚁等群体觅食的过程,正好与寻找地球物理反演最优解的过程相似。基于自然界群体协调寻优的思想,本文提出了交叉学科的群体智能地球物理资料反演方法,并给出了其对应的数学模型。用一个有无限多个局部最优解的已知模型对该类方法进行了试验。然后,将它们应用到了不同的复杂地球物理反演问题中:(1)对噪声敏感的线性问题;(2)非线性和线性同步反演问题;(3)非线性问题。反演结果表明,群体智能反演是可行的。与常规遗传算法和模拟退火法相比,该类方法有收敛速度相对快、收敛精度相对高等优点;与拟牛顿法和列文伯格一马夸特法相比,该类方法有能跳出局部最优解等优点。     

A 2D well-balanced,coupled model of water flow,sediment transport,and bed evolution based on unstructured grids with efficient variable storage strategy

In recent decades,a few Godunov-type,finite volume two-dimensional(2D)unstructured grid,coupled flow,and sediment models(GF2DUCM)have been developed for flows over erodible beds.These kinds of models are generally analyzed as a Vertex Model(VM)that define topography at the cell vertex,which can lead to the non-conservation of mass regarding flow,sediment,and bed evolution.Here,a full cellcantered variable storage method(Central Model or CM)is applied as the solution of the GF2DUCM.In this method,terrain elevation is defined at the cell centroids;this accurately describes the physical relations between the water depth and topography deformation.This approach can fully eliminate calculation errors in topography deformation at local cells caused by the interpolation of topography deformation at the cell vertex,and reduced uncertainty in the computation of the GF2DUCM.The model performance is systematically tested using a series of laboratory experiments,which demonstrate the mass conservation feature and high accuracy in reproducing hydrodynamic and morphological processes.     

Application of genetic BP network to discriminating earthquakes and explosions

Introduction Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an important branch of artificial intelligence. It is proposed on the foundation of the study on modern neural science, is a man-made network that can implement some functions based on the mans comprehensive understanding for cerebral neural network (HAN, WANG, 1997). ANN is a mathematical model of simplified human brain neural network and is used to simulate the structures and functions of human brain neural network. ANN is a complex netw…     

山西地震带历史地震序列的极大熵谱分析

综述了极大熵谱分析的原理及Burg递推算法,选取应变能∑E_1~(1/2)地震活动度∑A_1为采样序列,对三个时段的资料进行了极大熵谱分析。结果表明;两个序列所得结果较为一致。山西地震带中强震活动和华北中强震活动同步变化,且主要受321年和347年显著周期控制。其35年和66年短周期活动与太阳活动和地球自转31年和60年长周期较接近,表明地震活动在总体上受太阳活动与地球自转速率变化控制,短周期成份反映了发生地震地区应力场能量积累和释放的特点。     

Design of dampers for structures based on optimal control theory

The aim of this paper was to propose a design guideline for using visco‐elastic dampers for the control of building structures subjected to earthquake loading as well as suspension roof structures subjected to wind loading. The active control algorithm was used to calculate the control forces. Based on the single‐mode approach the control forces were transformed to the forces which visco‐elastic dampers can provide. Application of the method to the design of the building structure with passive damping devices in the bracing system and to the suspension roof with dampers was studied. Through the application of optimal control theory a systematic design procedure to implement dampers in structures is proposed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Smooth constraint inversion technique in genetic algorithms and its application to surface wave study in the Tibetan Plateau

IntroductionThe dispersion phenomena, which can be observed when surface wave travels through the Earth interior, has been extensively applied in investigating the velocity structure of the Earth interior. Usually, the dispersion curve is a nonlinear function of the thickness, S and P wave velocities and density of each layer. Because surface wave inversion is a multiple-minima problem, the result strongly depends on the initial model in traditional linear inversion. Genetic algorithm (GA) …     

Seismic structural control using semi-active tuned mass dampers

This paper focuses on how to determine the instantaneous damping of the semi-active tuned mass damper (SATMD) with continuously variable damping. An off-and-towards-equilibrium (OTE) algorithm is employed to examine the control performance of the structure/SATMD system by considering the damping as an assumptive control action. The damping modification of the SATMD is carried out according to the proposed OTE algorithm, which is formulated based on analysis of the structural movement under external excitations, and the measured responses of the structure at every time instant. As examples two numerical simulations of a five-storey and a ten-storey shear structures with a SATMD on the roof are conducted. The effectiveness on vibration reduction of MDOF systems subjected to seismic excitations is discussed. Analysis results show that the behavior of the structure with a SATMD is significantly improved and the feasibility of applying the OTE algorithm to the structural control design of SATMD is also verified.