HE 1127–1304: the largest radio quasar

By considering the propagation of low-amplitude magnetohydrodynamic waves in partially ionized plasmas, it is shown that the ion-neutral drift (ambipolar diffusion) induced by the waves can have specific effects on the molecular chemistry of cold material. The chemistry occurring in gas swept by Alfvén waves is described and it is shown that this leads to spatial variations in the deuterium fractionation ratios of, for example, HCO⁺ and N₂H⁺, on spatial scales of a few hundredths of a parsec, depending upon the fractional ionization of the ambient medium. The possibility of detecting interstellar Alfvén waves by molecular spectroscopy and their effect of producing small-scale chemical abundance gradients in molecular clouds are briefly discussed.     

The binary star population of the young cluster NGC 1818 in the Large Magellanic Cloud

We determine the binary star fraction as a function of radius in NGC 1818, a young rich cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud, using Hubble Space Telescope images in bands F336W (∼ U ) and F555W (∼ V ). Our sample includes binaries with M _primary ∼ 2–5.5 M_⊙ and M _secondary ≳ 0.7 M_primary. The binary fraction increases towards the cluster centre, from ∼ 20 ± 5 per cent in the outer parts, to ∼ 35 ± 5 per cent inside the core. This increase is consistent with dynamical mass segregation and need not be primordial. We compare our results with expectations from N -body models, and discuss the implications for the formation and early evolution of such clusters.     

A STUDY OF MICROWAVE RADIATION TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS IN STRATIFIED PRECIPITATION CLOUDS BY COMBINING STRATIFIED CLOUD MODEL WITH MICROWAVE RADIATION TRANSFER MODEL

In this paper,the effect of precipitation particles on microwave radiation transfer characteristics in stratified clouds over the ocean is studied by combining stratified cloud model with microwave radiation transfer model.By comparing the calculated results with the true data,it is found that precipitation particle distribution and water shell around ice phase particle strongly affect the upwelling radiation.Therefore,the precipitation particle distribution and water shellaround ice phase particle must be considered when a calculating scheme is designed for retrieving precipitation in stratified clouds by the use of microwave radiation transfer model.     

Magnetic clouds and interplanetary particle transport: a numerical model

Magnetic clouds modify the structure of the interplanetary magnetic field on spatial scales of tenth of AU. Their influence on the transport of energetic charged particles is studied with a numerical model that treats the magnetic cloud as an outward propagating modification of the focusing length. As a rule of thumb, the influence of the magnetic cloud on particle intensity and anisotropy profiles increases with decreasing particle mean free path and decreasing particle speed. Three cases are considered: (1) when the magnetic cloud is the driver of a shock that accelerates particles as it propagates outward, (2) when the magnetic cloud interacts with a prior solar energetic particle event, and (3) when a magnetic cloud already is present in interplanetary space at the time of a solar energetic particle event. In the latter case the cloud acts as a barrier, storing the bulk of the particles in its downstream medium.     

基于区域生长法激光扫描数据平面特征提取

激光扫描测量技术在三维城市建模领域的应用具有良好的发展发展前景。本文中的方法可以更好的应用于激光扫描仪点云数据中的关键地物提取。本文首先对三维激光扫描仪的测距原理进行了介绍,分析了三维激光扫描仪点云数据中的平面表示方式,结合区域生长算法对激光扫描仪点云数据进行分割,从而提取出平面特征,最后对该方法进行了试验和分析。     

复杂城市环境的机载Lidar点云滤波(英文)

A novel filtering algorithm for Lidar point clouds is presented, which can work well for complex cityscapes. Its main features are filtering based on raw Lidar point clouds without previous triangulation or rasterization. 3D topological relations among points are used to search edge points at the top of discontinuities, which are key information to recognize the bare earth points and building points. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can preserve discontinuous features in the bare earth and has no impact of size and shape of buildings.     

红外暗云中分子气体团块的性质研究

利用¹²CO(1-0)、¹³CO(1-0)与C¹⁸O(1-0)分子谱线成图观测数据,并结合ATLASGAL (The APEX(Atacama Pathfinder Experiment) Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy)尘埃连续谱巡天观测结果详细地研究了9个红外暗云(Infrared Dark Clouds, IRDCs)中团块的物理性质与运动学特征.给出了红外暗云的速度区间,以及在红外暗云所对应的Spitzer (Spitzer Space Telescope) 8μm辐射背景上叠加了与红外暗云轮廓基本吻合的¹³CO和C¹⁸O积分强度分布图. 9个红外暗云中有8个呈纤维状结构.在这些红外暗云中共找出51个致密团块,质量偏大的团块大部分聚集在红外暗云的枢纽位置.质量统计直方图中表现出明显的双峰结构,进一步证实纤维状分子云物质输送的图景.¹²CO(1-0)计算所得的典型激发温度T_ex...     

The Gas to Dust Ratio in Three Star Forming Regionstwo

Gas to Dust Ratio (GDR) indicates the mass ratio of interstellar gas to dust. It is widely adopted that the GDR in our Galaxy is 100～150. We choose three typical star forming regions to study the GDR: the Orion molecular cloud — a massive star forming region, the Taurus molecular cloud — a low-mass star forming region, and the Polaris molecular cloud — a region with no or very few star formation activities. The mass of gas only takes account of the neutral gas, i.e. only the atomic and molecular hydrogen, because the amount of ionized gas is very small in a molecular cloud. The column density of atomic hydrogen is taken from the high-resolution and high-sensitivity all-sky survey EBHIS (Effelsberg-Bonn HI Survey). The CO J = 1 →0 line is used to trace the molecular hydrogen, since the spectral lines of molecular hydrogen which can be detected are rare. The intensity of CO J = 1 →0 line is taken from the Planck all-sky survey. The mass of dust is traced by the interstellar extinction based on the 2MASS (Two Micron All Sky Survey) photometric database in the direction of anti-Galactic center. Adopting a constant conversion coefficient from the integrated intensity of the CO line to the column density of molecular hydrogen, X_CO = 2.0 × 10²⁰ cm^?2 · (K · km/s)^?1, the gas to dust ratio N(H)/A_V is calculated, which is 25, 38, and 55 (in units of 10²⁰ cm^?2 · mag^?1) for the Orion, Taurus, and Polaris molecular clouds, respectively. These values are significantly higher than the previously obtained average value of the Galaxy. Adopting the WD01 interstellar dust model (when the V-band selective extinction ratio is R_V = 3.1), the derived GDRs are 160, 243, and 354 for the Orion, Taurus, and Polaris molecular clouds, respectively, which are apparently higher than 100～150, the commonly accepted GDR of the diffuse interstellar medium. The high N(H)/A_V values in the star forming regions may be explained by the growth of dust in the molecular clouds because of either the particle collision or accretion, which can lead to the reduction of extinction efficiency per unit mass in the V band, rather than the increase of the GDR itself.     

一种针对MWISP项目分子云团块的3D CNN证认方法

分子云团块是恒星的诞生地. 分子团块的普查和其性质的全面研究将有助于了解恒星的形成乃至星系和宇宙的演化过程. 随着银河画卷计划(MWISP)项目的深入进行, 这类研究方案变得切实可行. 但是项目产生的分子云观测数据是海量的, 因此迫切需要一种能够自动识别和证认分子团块的方法. 目前应用广泛的3维分子云数据处理方法有很多, 典型的包括GaussClumps、ClumpFind、FellWalker、Reinhold等, 但都需要输入多个参数来控制它们的性能, 并且进行反复的参数优化和目测才能得到比较满意的结果. 对于大规模的观测数据, 利用现有方法进行分子团块的证认将是一项耗时耗力的任务. 为了克服传统分子云团块检测算法的局限性, 人工智能(AI)的方法将提供一个很好的解决方案. 提出了一种3D CNN (Convolutional Neural Network)方法, 它可以自动处理3D分子谱线数据, 整个过程分为检出和验证两个步骤. 首先, 通过设置较低阈值使用ClumpFind以检出候选对象, 然后通过训练好的3D CNN模型进行验证. 利用仿真数据所做的一系列的实验结果表明, 该方法的综合表现优于4种传统方法. 将该方法应用于实际的MWISP数据表明, 3D CNN方法的性能也令人满意.