山东焦家金成矿带三维地质建模及成矿预测

以山东焦家金成矿带为研究对象,将焦家金矿带的二维地质资料有效整合,应用三维建模软件Surpac,首次建立了该矿区的三维数字矿山模型.以此模型为基础,以地质统计方法为手段,分析成矿规律,建立找矿模型.成矿预测中利用“立方体预测模型”找矿方法、找矿信息量法和证据权法来预测资源量,按照信息值的等级依次圈定了6个成矿靶区.用体积估计法和丰度值估计法2种完全不同的计算方法来预测资源量,2种方法得到的找矿靶区资源量均约为380 t,说明计算的结果具有一致性和稳定性.     

莫桑比克马尼卡砂金矿床地质特征

马尼卡砂金矿区位于莫桑比克马尼卡省马尼卡矿田东侧古河道中。地处世界著名的马尼卡金矿成矿带区,属非洲新元古代基巴拉构造旋回(距今约1100Ma)巨型造山带中部弧形突出部位之东侧。依据砂金矿床的成矿地质特征、重砂矿物组合,认为该矿床属近源型砂金矿,其中砂金的物质来源于该古河道北、西、南侧3个方向山坡上的花岗岩-绿岩地体。砂金聚集于古河道河漫滩砂层、砂砾层和泥砂质填隙物内,特别富集于底部基岩之上的砾石层之中。矿体形状严格受河床底部基岩地貌控制。     

Implementation of baroclinic terms in a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model and its application to Anzali Port, Iran

Baroclinic terms have been implemented in a three-dimensional fully hydrodynamic model developed by Badiei et al. [2008. A three-dimensional non-hydrostatic boundary fitted model for free surface flows. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 56(6), 607-627] modifying its momentum equations to account for density gradients and utilizing the scalar (salinity, temperature, etc.) conservation equation (SCE) and a state equation for the calculation of density. In the solution of advection-diffusion terms of the governing Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) and SCE, a symmetric splitting method was applied to ensure the long-term stability of simulations. Correction terms proposed by Ruddic et al. (1995) were applied to SCE to ensure the conservation of the scalar quantity. In the presence of baroclinic terms, the zero gradient pressure in the vertical direction in the vicinity of surface and bottom boundaries assumed by Badiei et al. [2008. A three-dimensional non-hydrostatic boundary fitted model for free surface flows. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 56(6), 607-627] created spurious currents. This problem was solved by assuming a hydrostatic pressure variation at those boundaries. The ability of extended model was validated by comparing its results with an experimental test case. The simulation of hydrodynamic and salt intrusion at Anzali Port located at the southern coasts of Caspian Sea in Iran was carried out by the model with both barotropic and baroclinic modes. The simulated results with baroclinic mode show a better agreement with measured data as compared to the results of barotropic mode that clearly demonstrate the significance of baroclinic terms in the simulation of cyclic intrusion of salt wedge into the Port Basin.     

初始几何缺陷对管道极限承载力影响研究

初始几何缺陷被认为是影响管道极限承载力和稳定性的重要因素,但是大部分的管道力学特性研究都没有考虑初始缺陷的影响。基于管道几何尺寸测量机,获得管道的壁厚和直径沿轴向以及环向的分布规律。据此建立了四个三维实体有限元模型,分别为完好管道模型、只考虑直径缺陷的管道模型、只考虑壁厚缺陷的管道模型以及考虑所有缺陷的管道模型。分析了初始缺陷对管道的极限内压承载力、极限轴力承载力和极限弯矩承载力的影响。结果表明,直径缺陷对管道的极限内压承载力影响较大;壁厚缺陷对管道在复杂荷载作用下的极限弯矩承载力影响较大。     

湖南大地构造单元划分及其地球物理场特征

不同大地构造单元,具有不同的地球物理场特征,这些特征,显然是划分不同构造单元的准则之一。湖南大地构造分区的焦点,是江南地轴的归属问题,本文根据地震和重磁资料等,论述了它隶属于扬子准地台的合理性。指出省内两个一级构造单元的分界应在江南地轴东南缘,其南西段与传统界线一致,北东段有重大改变,应将衡阳盆地和浏阳隆起包容到江南地轴区。最后,本文突出地球物理场特征,在前人工作的基础上对我省Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级构造单元进行了划分。     

Fracture analysis in the south-western Corinth rift (Greece) and implications on fault hydraulic behavior

This paper reviews the data concerning the fracture network and the hydraulic characteristics of faults in an active zone of the Gulf of Corinth. Pressure gap measured through fault planes shows that in this area the active normal faults (Aigion, Helike) act, at least temporarily and locally, as transversal seal. The analysis of the carbonate cements in the fractures on both the hangingwall and the footwall of the faults also suggests that they have acted as local seals during the whole fault zone evolution. However, the pressure and the characteristics of the water samples measured in the wells indicate that meteoric water circulates from the highest part of the relief to the coast, which means it goes through the fault zones. Field quantitative analysis and core studies from the AIG-10 well have been performed to define both regional and fault-related fracture networks. Then laboratory thin section observations have been done to recognize the different fault rocks characterizing the fault zone components. These two kinds of approach give information on the permeability characteristics of the fault zone. To synthesize the data, a schematic conceptual 3D fluid flow modeling has been performed taking into account fault zone permeability architecture, sedimentation, fluid flow, fault vertical offset and meteoric water influx, as well as compaction water flow. This modeling allows us to fit all the data with a model where the fault segments act as a seal whereas the relays between these segments allow for the regional flow from the Peloponnese topographic highs to the coast.     

EH-4系统观测资料的非远区场校正研究

EH－4系统实测的卡尼亚视电阻率在非远区场时应作必要的校正。基于导出的EH－4系统的卡尼亚电阻率ρxy和ρyx的表达式,采用多项式分段逼近的方法,建立EH－4系统测深数据的全频域的视电阻率算法。根据建立的算法对均匀大地、二层大地和三层大地模型的EH－4系统测深数据进行非远区场校正的结果表明：均匀大地时,全频域的视电阻率与真电阻率吻合很好,D型、K型和Q型断面的视电阻率曲线与MT法的接近,G型、H型和A型的视电阻率曲线得到很大改善。     

永恒的回忆——写在父亲逝世10周年之际

我们的父亲出生在一个淳朴的农民家庭,简朴的生活培育了他对故土、对人民深厚朴素的感情。他为人正直,性情豁达,襟怀坦荡。在遭遇坎坷时,始终对生活充满热爱和信心。父亲作为中国老一代的土壤学家,为了中国土壤科学的发展和农业生产的进步呕心沥血,经常奔波忙碌在祖国各地。在他主持和参加过的工作中,如西藏和新疆等地的农业综合科学考察、湖南南山牧场的建设和华北黄淮海盐碱地治理等主要工作中,处处体现出他的爱国之心和敬业精神,使我们深受教育,激励着我们永远前进。     

Water Self-Softening Processes at Waterfall Sites

Many rivers in tropical and subtropical karst regions are supersaturated with respect to CaCO3 and have high water hardness. After flowing through waterfall sites, river water is usually softened, accompanied by tufa formation, which is simply described as a result of water turbulence in fast-flowing water. In this paper, a series of laboratory experiments are designed to simulate the hydrological conditions at waterfall sites. The influences of air-water interface, water flow velocity, aeration and solid-water interface on water softening are compared and evaluated on a quantitative basis. The results show that the enhanced inorganic CO2 outgassing due to sudden hydrological changes occurring at waterfall sites is the principal cause of water softening at waterfall sites. Both air-water interface area and water flow velocity increase as a result of the "aeration effect", "low pressure effect" and "jet-flow effect" at waterfall sites, which greatly accelerates CO2 outgassing and therefore makes natural w     

新地球观

One of the most important achivements on science in 20th century is the new recognition on the Earth:the Earth,out of the other planets, exhibits very peculiar features because it has an extremely complex and active periphery part (surfacial layers). This periphery part is an open system sustained by inputting solar energe , which is captured , transfered and stored by life. Through the system , cyclings of matters and energe flow are driven and regulated by life activities. This system is self-equilibrated,self-controlled and far away from astrophysical and thermodynamic equilibria mainly because of life and life activities.
Development of human calture influences increasingly on流Earth's periphery system , at last , the natural biosphere that has existed for 3 billion years on the Earth's surface will inavoidably be replaced by so called "noosphere",which is man一reconstructed,man-controlled and unstable system. Thus the fate of the Earth,to a great extent,will be determined by the direction of human calture evolution.