基坑开挖及降水引起周围建筑物不均匀沉降的实例

在建筑物较近处,放坡开挖８．０ｍ的基坑,由于降水、开挖及雨后土体强度的降低,引起建筑物不均匀沉降,通过实测发现,降水引起的地面沉降影响范围约为井深的１．５倍;放坡开挖引起的地面沉降影响范围的为坑深的３￣４倍,以及雨后土体强度降低会进一步加强土体变形等结论。     

华北地区流域月降水径流模型比较研究

选择我国华北地区若干流域,建立了三个月降水径流模型——统计模型、比利时模型和新安江模型。分析结果表明;统计模型能较好地反映流域输出对输入的响应,新安江模型(改进后)则能较好地描述半干旱地区流域的产汇流特性,模型拟合效果也较好,而比利时模型,经初步应用,拟合效果比新安江模型差。     

西藏东部大气降水氧同位素组成特征

The Xizang Plateau, with a common altitude of more than 4000 m sbove sea level,has long been celebrated as “The Roof of the World”. In order to study oxygen isotopic composition of meteoric water in the Xizang Plateau Region and its relationship with the attitude, we made an investigation tour to the Xizang Plateau, starting from Guizhow, during 1979 from July to October, and 79 meteoric Water samples were collected, including brook, well, lake, snow, firn, spring and running waters, at different altitudes. Oxygen isotope analyses indicate that the isotopie composition of meteoric water in the areas more than 4000g and in the western parts of SichuanGaizhow shows remarkable altitude effect. There is a negative correlation between δ^28O and altitude, which is reflected by --δ^18O = 0.0026H 7.75. The average δ^18O value for metcoric water in the areas: more than 4000m above sea level turns out to be --18.15‰ is evident that δ^18O value for lake water on the plateau is related to its water supply. δ^18O value for lake water, in which the evaporation is greater than supply,is approximately three or four times higher than that of supplied water, averaging -5.74‰. Oxygen isotopic compasition of geothermal water can be compared with that of local meteoric water, but shows certain δ^18O-shift, suggesting that the main water-supply source seems to be meteoric water in the same area.     

甘肃省伏旱短期气候概率预测

用ＥＯＦ和ＲＥＯＦ将甘肃省信期降水分为７个区域,并在每个区域选取一个代表站,设计出既能反映伏期降水多少,又能反映伏期旱段长度的伏旱强度指数。将伏旱强度与指数与伏旱发生的概率关系起来,通过对大气环流特征指数,地面气象要素等因子的分析,利用逐步回归分析和多级逐步判别分析方法,建立了甘肃省几个代表站的伏期干旱指数和概率预测方程,提出了集成概率预测的概念,最后给出了对伏旱概念率预测进行评估一种方法。     

广州降水概率预报

讨论了长水概率预报的意义,原理和方法,介绍了广州降水概率预报的业务流程及试验效果,并提出深入开展降水概率预报的若干建议。     

赤道太平洋对流活动异常对我国夏季降水和气温的影响

利用月平均ＯＬＲ、降水和气温资料,研究了ＥＮＳＯ期间赤道太平洋对流活动与我国夏季降水和气温的关系。结果表明：春季、夏季中、西太平洋对流活动异常与我国夏季江淮地区的降水有密切关系;春季和前一年冬季西太平洋对流活动异常与东北地区夏季降水有显著相关。前一年冬季中、西太平洋对流活动异常与我国降水的显著相关区是不同的,前者为华南、西南地区,后者为东北至内蒙古一带。气温与同期中、西太平洋对流活动的相关不显著。     

我国东部夏季降水型与北半球大气环流和北太平洋海温的关系

用历年北半球５００ｈＰａ月平均高度场及北太平洋海温资料,运用合成分析,奇异值分解等方法,分析了我国夏季降水型与同期,前期环流及海温场的关系,结果表明我国夏季降水型与大气环流及北太平海之间有密切的关系。     

1997年南宁市大雨以上降水特点分析

通过对南宁市１９９７年大雨以上降水过程（１７次）的统计分析,找出当年南宁市大雨以上降水的特点。     

冷高压后部的强对流暴雨

百色地区１９９７年春季出现的２次区域性暴雨天气,均属于冷高压后部强对流暴雨。诊断分析结果表明,在此类暴雨天气过程中,对流层上层的槽前正涡度平流与冷空气入侵,对流层低层的风速风向辐合与急剧升温增温等因素,都是产生强对流暴雨不可缺少的条件。