电离层ELF/VLF电磁波激发研究

调制电离层激发ELF/VLF电磁波为深海潜艇通信提供了一种可能的天线产生方式.本文介绍了国外电离层ELF/VLF电磁波激发理论的研究情况和实验结果,引进了HF电磁波加热电离层理论和物理模型并介绍了相应的实验结果,讨论了加热系统的激发效率提高问题.展望了该领域的未来研究方向,并提出了在我国的地理条件下激发电离层ELF/VLF电磁波需要解决的问题.     

与大电流信号有关的华北东部地区地电场空间变化特征的研究

在地震电磁学研究中,电流在地下的流动特征与构造关系是一个非常重要的问题.大范围观测站的分布和强电流源存在的格局为我们研究这个问题提供了机会.本文通过对青岛换流站接地极向地下注入2100~3004 A大电流时华北东部地区21个地电场台站观测的研究,深入认识了地电场信号变化实质.研究表明：①沿着郯庐断裂带方向、跨过郯庐断裂带西南方向、跨过郯庐断裂带北西方向能够记录到地电流信号的特征变化非常大,存在着明显方向性特征和“穴位”现象.②注入大地的电流强度越大,则在观测点记录到的地电流信号强度也越强.③本文研究区域里地电场信号的均匀度并不遵循均匀介质条件下的一般规律,说明地下介质电性非均匀性和各向异性特征明显.④大电流注入地下时能够较正确地反映信号源方位的台站较少,只有安丘台、大山台和新沂台所观测到的方位线可用于确定信号源的位置.本文从点电流源与台站测线布局构成的装置系统、大区域介质非均匀性、台站测区以及附近地区的介质细结构的影响三个方面,通过数值模拟,对上述特征进行了较深入的分析和解释.     

玻璃幕墙、铝塑板防雷接地的作法探讨

玻璃幕墙、铝塑板防雷电及接地的一些做法,确保建筑物玻璃幕强、铝塑板不受雷击.     

电流模全波精密整流器

简要回顾了全波整流器的新进展。介绍了一种实现全波整流的新方法。应用三个电流传送器和两个快速二极管，构成了一种新型电流模全波精密整流器。实验结果证明，这种新型电流模整流器的工作原理是正确的。     

非均匀等离子体中波传播耦合方程

我们从麦克斯韦方程和线性化矩方程出发,获得了具有电子密度梯度的弱非均匀可压缩等离子体在外场作用下的电磁波和电声波激发的耦合方程,并求得了微扰解。最后讨论了非均匀可压缩等离子体中电磁波和电声波耦合激发机制,指出不同模间耦合是产生不同模间相互转换的原因,而Cohen等人的均匀可压缩等离子体中电磁波和电声波激发过程均可视为本文的特殊情况。     

金属氧化物压敏电阻在单脉冲及多脉冲实验中静态参数的变化

文章根据线性链老化、肖特基势垒理论,采用交流热稳定冲击实验,主要分析了金属氧化物压敏电阻在单、多脉冲进行测验的情形下,泄漏电流、压敏电压变化的特征。结果表明:利用金属氧化物压敏电阻进行单、多脉冲进行实验,在实验次数不断增多的情况下,会产生老化;工频电流作用下的金属氧化物压敏电阻,其抗雷电能力和稳定性都会受到不同程度的影响。     

Observed water current and transport through Qiongzhou Strait during August 2010

The velocity structure of the residual current across an entire section of the Qiongzhou Strait(QS) in summer is presented for the fi rst time. Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profi le measurements, from the mid-region of the QS(110.18°E), were collected on 1–4 August 2010. The diurnal tidal currents had their maximum amplitudes between 4.24 and 20.24 m. Their amplitude along the major axis ranged from approximately 0.55 m/s in the middle part of the strait(20.15°N) to 0.84 m/s in the north part of the strait(20.20°N). Both anticlockwise and clockwise tidal current rotations exist in the QS. During the observation period(neap tide), a signifi cant westward residual current occupied almost the entire study section. Two velocity cores of westward current were observed at the northern part and near the deepest trough, although an eastward current appeared in the middle part of the transect. The deepest core was located near 62 m at 20.13°N, with a maximum velocity of-0.34 m/s. The shallower core was located at approximately 16 m at 20.20°N, with a maximum velocity of-0.33 m/s. The estimated total volume of water transported through the QS was-0.16 Sv. This value is an important boundary condition, applicable to numerical models studying coastal ocean circulation in the northwestern South China Sea.     

Observation of the abyssal western boundary current in the Philippine Sea

Mooring observations were conducted from July 16, 2011 to March 30, 2012 east of Mindanao, Philippines(127°2.8′E, 8°0.3′N) to observe the abyssal current at about 5600 m deep and 500 m above the ocean bottom. Several features were revealed: 1) the observed abyssal current was highly variable with standard deviations of 57.3 mm/s and 34.0 mm/s, larger than the mean values of-31.9 and 16.6 mm/s for the zonal and meridional components, respectively; 2) low-frequency current longer than 6 days exhibited strong seasonal variation, flowing southeastward(mean flow direction of 119.0° clockwise from north) before about October 1, 2011 and northwestward(mean flow direction of 60.5° counter-clockwise from north) thereafter; 3) the high-frequency flow bands were dominated by tidal currents O 1, K 1, M 2, and S 2, and near-inertial currents, whose frequencies were higher than the local inertial frequency. The two diurnal tidal constituents were much stronger than the two semidiurnal ones. This study provides for the first time an observational insight into the abyssal western boundary current east of Mindanao based on long-term observations at one site. It is meaningful for further research into the deep and abyssal circulation over the whole Philippine Sea and the 3D structure of the western boundary current system in this region. More observational and high-resolution model studies are needed to examine the spatial structure and temporal variation of the abyssal current over a much larger space and longer period, their relation to the upper-layer circulation, and the underlying dynamics.     

拉萨春季一次雷暴天气过程分析

利用拉萨多普勒天气雷达、闪电定位仪、欧洲中心500hPa分析场及常规观测等资料,对2008年4月27-28日发生在拉萨的雷暴天气的环境条件和雷达回波特征进行了综合分析.结果表明:这次雷暴过程是在乌拉尔山冷空气南下,加剧了高原低涡切变辐合上升运动的发展,大气层结极不稳定的条件下产生的;雷达径向速度图和VAD风廓线均显示出非常明显的低层暖平流结构、低空急流及垂直风切变特征;γ中尺度气旋式涡旋扰动与环境垂直风切变的相互作用,导致雷暴云发展,回波顶增高,40dBz回波顶高伸展到7.0km左右;CAPE值、垂直风切变、γ中尺度气旋性扰动以及低层暖平流对拉萨雷暴天气预警、预报具有指示意义,给出了拉萨雷暴天气预报思路与着眼点.