Observation of the abyssal western boundary current in the Philippine Sea

Mooring observations were conducted from July 16, 2011 to March 30, 2012 east of Mindanao, Philippines(127°2.8′E, 8°0.3′N) to observe the abyssal current at about 5600 m deep and 500 m above the ocean bottom. Several features were revealed: 1) the observed abyssal current was highly variable with standard deviations of 57.3 mm/s and 34.0 mm/s, larger than the mean values of-31.9 and 16.6 mm/s for the zonal and meridional components, respectively; 2) low-frequency current longer than 6 days exhibited strong seasonal variation, flowing southeastward(mean flow direction of 119.0° clockwise from north) before about October 1, 2011 and northwestward(mean flow direction of 60.5° counter-clockwise from north) thereafter; 3) the high-frequency flow bands were dominated by tidal currents O 1, K 1, M 2, and S 2, and near-inertial currents, whose frequencies were higher than the local inertial frequency. The two diurnal tidal constituents were much stronger than the two semidiurnal ones. This study provides for the first time an observational insight into the abyssal western boundary current east of Mindanao based on long-term observations at one site. It is meaningful for further research into the deep and abyssal circulation over the whole Philippine Sea and the 3D structure of the western boundary current system in this region. More observational and high-resolution model studies are needed to examine the spatial structure and temporal variation of the abyssal current over a much larger space and longer period, their relation to the upper-layer circulation, and the underlying dynamics.     

人工触发闪电连续电流过程与M分量特征

在广州野外雷电试验基地,对2008年和2011年夏季人工触发闪电回击之后的14个连续电流过程和43个M分量的通道底部电流、电场变化和通道亮度进行了同步测量和分析。结果表明:M分量的电流、快慢电场变化和亮度变化波形均近似对称;触发闪电连续电流过程的持续时间、转移电荷量、电流平均值的几何平均值分别为22 ms,6.0 C和273 A;M分量的幅度、转移电荷量、半峰值宽度、上升时间、持续时间的几何平均值分别为409 A,205 mC,520 μs,305 μs和1.6 ms;连续电流持续时间与M分量的个数、相邻M分量之间的时间间隔均存在显著的正相关关系。     

人工触发闪电中的M分量特征

利用2005-2008年期间在山东开展的人工触发闪电试验中所观测到的通道底部电流、不同距离垂直电场及高速摄像光学资料,对人工触发闪电10次回击之后的33次M分量电流波形进行了分析.结果表明,典型的M分量电流波形具有较对称的结构特征,峰值电流的几何平均值为743 A(标准偏差为0.55);波形10%～90%上升时间的几何...     

贵州省雷电流幅值的累积概率分布

统计2006—2009年贵州省基于闪电定位仪的雷电定位系统监测的全省雷电流幅值数据,通过作图的方式与国家通用的经验公式比较,并采用最小二乘法中添加指数、多项式趋势线的方式,对贵州省雷电流幅值累积概率曲线进行拟合回归分析,得到其雷电流幅值累积概率一般公式,指出该公式与通用经验公式的差异及公式存在的不足。     

大兴安岭林区地闪放电特征的观测与分析

利用2009年夏季在大兴安岭林区开展的雷暴及闪电的多站GPS同步观测资料,详细分析了该地区的地闪放电特征.通过对464次地闪资料的分析,发现具有单次回击的地闪所占的比例高达69,且正地闪比例较高,达到了22%.对连续电流的统计表明,约有27%的地闪伴随有连续电流过程且长连续电流过程主要出现在具有单次回击的负地闪中,其平...     

地磁Z分量日变"低点位移"异常成因分析

本文基于对地磁Z分量日变"低点位移"异常和太阳静日变化内外源场等效涡旋电流体系时空演化特征的分析,提出了"电磁炉效应"假说,以解释地磁Z分量日变"低点位移"异常的成因.本文认为,起源于地球内部和外部涡旋电流体系所产生的太阳静日变化Sq,作为一个持续的交变磁场,切割地壳深部的高导低速层,形成涡旋电流并产生热能,致使高导低...     

Analysis of thermohaline and current distribution characteristics of Zhejiang and Fujian waters in summer

This paper analyzed the distribution of thermohaline and circulation characteristics of Zhejiang and Fujian waters, based on the cross-sectional thermohaline data and on current data (up to 30 d duration) at fixed-point moorings, collected in the summer of 2006. We also performed low-pass filtering and spectrum analysis on the mooring submersible buoy data. Based on that analysis, we discussed the characteristics of low frequency currents and time-variations in these waters. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) There is a low salinity pinnate area near the Hangzhou Bay in summer, and outside the low salinity area, an obvious salinity front is present from surface to bottom near 123°E. There is also a temperature front below the surface at a corresponding position. (2) Bottom water of the Taiwan Warm Current comes from the subsurface of Kuroshio. (3) The direction of low frequency current at fixed anchor stations is N-NE or S, which mainly depends on the interaction of control currents in this waters. (4) Significant spectral peaks at all mooring stations are typically semidiurnal and diurnal tides. Semidiurnal tidal waves are the main ones in these waters, and have more energy closer to the shore. (5) Significant energy spectral peaks of middle period (3 to 8 d) of currents are responses to weather frequency. (6) Significant energy spectral peaks of long periods at the surface or bottom are probably responses to seasonal wind or bottom friction, while, the long period peaks of other depths can reflect cyclical changes of interactions between currents. We conclude that the pulsation period of the Taiwan Warm Current in these waters is 10-17 d.     

广州两座高建筑物上闪击距离的二维光学观测

利用广州高建筑物雷电观测站的高速摄像机在2012—2018年拍摄到的发生在两座尖顶建筑物广州塔(600 m高,12次)和广晟国际大厦(360 m高,9次)上的21次下行地闪光学数据,结合广东电网闪电定位系统提供的回击峰值电流数据,统计建筑物高度和回击峰值电流强度对闪击距离的影响,并探讨闪击距离与上行连接先导起始时间的相关性。结果表明:更高的建筑物上雷电的闪击距离更长,广州塔闪击距离的中位数约是广晟国际大厦闪击距离中位数的2倍;对于确定高度的建筑物,闪击距离有随着回击峰值电流增强而变长的趋势,且建筑物越高,对应的回击峰值电流也越强;在下行与上行先导连接前0.1 ms内,二者的平均速率之比小于4,且速率比值在0~1这一区间的样本最多,占比约65%。     

具有螺旋结构的爆发日珥的电流描述

集中分析了几个具有螺旋结构的爆发日珥的观测资料，用相同的理论框架，讨论它们内部电流分布的演化特征，以及与活动区背景磁场相互作用的动力学性质；并探讨日珥爆发时的磁能转化机制。结果表明：（ｉ）爆发日珥内部的磁场和电流分布具有无力性质；（ｉｉ）利用Ｋｕｐｅｒｕｓ－Ｒａａｄｕ日珥模型可以较好地日珥电流和背景磁场相互作用的基本特征；（ｉｉｉ）日珥等离子体的宏观ｋｉｎｋ不稳定性可能是日珥磁能转化的主要机制。理     

单级偏置电路的简化分析

本文介绍了一种晶体管单级偏置电路的分析方法，并作出了这种方法的证明。最后，举出两个应用实例。