Modulation of Twin Tropical Cyclogenesis by the MJO Westerly Wind Burst during the Onset Period of 1997／98 ENSO

The modulation of twin tropical cyclogenesis in the Indian-western Pacific Oceans by the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) during the onset period of 1997/98 ENSO is explored for the period of September 1996 to June 1997 based on daily OLR, NCEP/NCAR wind vector, and JTWC best track datasets. The MJO westerly wind burst associated with its eastward propagation can result in a series of tropical cyclogeneses in a multi-day interval. Only in the transition seasons are pairs of tropical cyclones observed in both the tropical sectors of the Indian-western Pacific Oceans. Two remarkable twin tropical cyclogeneses probably modulated by the MJO westerly wind burst are found: one is observed in the Indian Ocean in the middle of October 1996, and the other is observed in the Western Pacific Ocean in late May 1997. The twin tropical cyclogenesis in mid-October 1996 is observed when the super cloud cluster separates into two isolated clusters by the enhanced westerly wind, which is accompanied by two independent vortices in the equatorial tropical sectors. The other one, in late-May 1997, however, is characterized by one cyclonic flow that later results in another cyclonic cell in its opposite equatorial sector. Thus, there are two very important conditions for twin cyclogenesis: one is the MJO westerly wind straddling the equator, and the other is the integral super cloud cluster, which later splits into two cloud convective clusters with independent vortices.     

用能量天气学方法分析预报9405号热带风暴暴雨

本文引入湿静力温度物理量和运用能量天气学方法，对9405号热带风暴登陆前后我省中部和南部出现的一次暴雨过程进行综合分析，了解夏季暴雨落区和单站暴雨产生的能量特征，提出一些具有参考价值的结论。1湿较大温度含义1．1湿份力温度单位质量空气的湿静力能量是湿热能、位能、潜热能之和巴一C。T＋gZ＋LqE．称为湿静力能量。为了能用观测资料直接简便地计算能量，引入与能量相当的温度——湿静力温度T．一E。／C。。T＋gZ／C。－＋L。／C。由于T。综合表示了压、温、湿各要素，故分析其局地演变对于掌握气团属性的演变和本地天气的关…     

远望一号船秋冬季避台风过程

本文对远望一号船在1999年秋季于西北太平洋上执行任务时,预报和避让“9922”号强热带风暴的过程,作了详细的回顾和分析,并讨论秋冬季台风生成和移动的有关问题。     

关于0309号热带风暴"莫拉克"登陆地点的探讨

本文通过对0309号热带风暴“莫拉克”影响期间,福建省沿海风场、气压场、变压场特征的分析,认为“莫拉克”风暴在临近福建省沿海时已减弱为热带低压,而热带低压的登陆地点在厦门,而不是在晋江;登陆时间是2003年8月4日23：00左右。     

太阳黑子对南海季风爆发及热带风暴活动的影响

利用 1 949— 1 998年的资料 ,以统计分析的方法 ,对太阳黑子及南海季风爆发、热带风暴活动的相互关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明 ,太阳黑子极值年与南海季风爆发的时间有一定的对应关系 ,与热带风暴活动有一定的相关性。峰值年南海季风爆发时间偏早 ,热带风暴生成个数及登陆个数均偏少 ,且活动期偏短。     

“0112”海南岛大暴雨的分析和暴雨落区预报的讨论

2001年12月，受到热带风暴外围环流和冷空气的共同影响，在南海北部生成一支低空东风急流，同时，在海南岛东南部生成一个θse高值区，低空东风急流轴与θse高值区有很好的对应关系，使得在θse平流高值区内发生了一次强降水过程。     

2001年辽宁夏季暴雨环流形势特征

针对 2001年辽宁夏季暴雨过程 ,对造成辽宁夏季暴雨的环流形势和热带风暴、副热带高压等系统的演变特征进行统计分析 ,并对数值预报产品及释用产品预报能力进行了客观对比 ,论述了低空急流、切变线与辽宁暴雨的关系     

Diagnosis of the Secondary Circulation of Tropical Storm Bilis (2006) and the Effects of Convective Systems on Its Track

We diagnose characteristics of the quasi-balanced flow and secondary circulation（SC） of tropical storm Bilis（2006） using the potential vorticity（PV）-ω inversion method.We further analyze how secondary steering flows associated with mesoscale convective systems affected the track of tropical storm Bilis after it made landfall.The quasi-balanced asymmetric and axisymmetric circulation structures of tropical storm Bilis are represented well by the PV-w inversion.The magnitude of the nonlinear quasi-balanced vertical velocity is approximately 75%of the magnitude simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting（WRF） model.The SC of Bilis（2006） contained two strong regions of ascending motion,both of which were located in the southwest quadrant of the storm.The first（150-200 km southwest of the storm center） corresponded to the eyewall region,while the second（approximately 400 km southwest of the storm center） corresponded to latent heat release associated with strong precipitation in major spiral rainbands.The SC was very weak in the northeast quadrant（the upshear direction）.Dynamical processes related to the environmental vertical wind shear produced an SC that partially offset the destructive effects of the environmental vertical wind shear（by 20%-25%）.This SC consisted of upward motion in the southwest quadrant and subsidence in the northeast quadrant,with airflow oriented from southwest to northeast at high altitudes and from northeast to southwest at lower levels.The inverted secondary zonal and meridional steering flows associated with continuous asymmetric mesoscale convective systems were about-2.14 and-0.7 m s~（-1）,respectively.These steering flows contributed substantially to the zonal（66.15%） and meridional（33.98%） motion of the storm at 0000 UTC15 July 2006.The secondary steering flow had a significant influence on changing the track of Bilis from southward to northward.The direction of the large-scale meridional steering flow（3.02 m s~（-1）） was     

中东部地区多大雾天气热带风暴袭击西沙群岛

12月,全国平均气温为-3．2℃,比常年同期（-3．9℃）偏高0．7℃;全国平均降水量为7．6mm,较常年同期（10．0mm）偏少。月内,我国中东部地区多发生大雾天气;青海部分地区发生雪灾,广西遭受冻害;热带风暴尤特袭击西沙群岛;华北干旱缓和,云南干旱持续。     

风廓线仪研究现状与应用初探

风廓线仪是新一代大气遥感测风系统。简述了风廓线仪的工作原理,介绍了其应用研究现状,采用澳门和香港风廓线仪资料分析了热带风暴“圆规”影响时的特征,表明在热带风暴的影响下,风向转变非常快,并且在其登陆前后风向发生了明显的转变。从澳门和香港风廓线仪资料的对比及香港风廓线仪资料与探空资料的对比分析可见,风廓线仪测量的数据有较好的一致性,在珠江三角洲地区应用的前景是很广阔的。