资料集锦

正那些关于台风的谜团截至目前,今年共生成了15个台风,其中有7个登陆我国,比历史同期平均个数(4.2个)略多。虽然这个台风唱罢,那个台风又来,但是老百姓有时提起台风仍觉得糊涂。热带风暴和台风有区别吗?为什么冬天没有台风?台风威力最大的地方为什么不在台风眼?带着这些问题,记者采访了中国气象局台风与海洋预报中心     

Diagnosis of the Secondary Circulation of Tropical Storm Bilis (2006) and the Effects of Convective Systems on Its Track

We diagnose characteristics of the quasi-balanced flow and secondary circulation（SC） of tropical storm Bilis（2006） using the potential vorticity（PV）-ω inversion method.We further analyze how secondary steering flows associated with mesoscale convective systems affected the track of tropical storm Bilis after it made landfall.The quasi-balanced asymmetric and axisymmetric circulation structures of tropical storm Bilis are represented well by the PV-w inversion.The magnitude of the nonlinear quasi-balanced vertical velocity is approximately 75%of the magnitude simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting（WRF） model.The SC of Bilis（2006） contained two strong regions of ascending motion,both of which were located in the southwest quadrant of the storm.The first（150-200 km southwest of the storm center） corresponded to the eyewall region,while the second（approximately 400 km southwest of the storm center） corresponded to latent heat release associated with strong precipitation in major spiral rainbands.The SC was very weak in the northeast quadrant（the upshear direction）.Dynamical processes related to the environmental vertical wind shear produced an SC that partially offset the destructive effects of the environmental vertical wind shear（by 20%-25%）.This SC consisted of upward motion in the southwest quadrant and subsidence in the northeast quadrant,with airflow oriented from southwest to northeast at high altitudes and from northeast to southwest at lower levels.The inverted secondary zonal and meridional steering flows associated with continuous asymmetric mesoscale convective systems were about-2.14 and-0.7 m s~（-1）,respectively.These steering flows contributed substantially to the zonal（66.15%） and meridional（33.98%） motion of the storm at 0000 UTC15 July 2006.The secondary steering flow had a significant influence on changing the track of Bilis from southward to northward.The direction of the large-scale meridional steering flow（3.02 m s~（-1）） was     

Modulation of Twin Tropical Cyclogenesis by the MJO Westerly Wind Burst during the Onset Period of 1997／98 ENSO

The modulation of twin tropical cyclogenesis in the Indian-western Pacific Oceans by the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) during the onset period of 1997/98 ENSO is explored for the period of September 1996 to June 1997 based on daily OLR, NCEP/NCAR wind vector, and JTWC best track datasets. The MJO westerly wind burst associated with its eastward propagation can result in a series of tropical cyclogeneses in a multi-day interval. Only in the transition seasons are pairs of tropical cyclones observed in both the tropical sectors of the Indian-western Pacific Oceans. Two remarkable twin tropical cyclogeneses probably modulated by the MJO westerly wind burst are found: one is observed in the Indian Ocean in the middle of October 1996, and the other is observed in the Western Pacific Ocean in late May 1997. The twin tropical cyclogenesis in mid-October 1996 is observed when the super cloud cluster separates into two isolated clusters by the enhanced westerly wind, which is accompanied by two independent vortices in the equatorial tropical sectors. The other one, in late-May 1997, however, is characterized by one cyclonic flow that later results in another cyclonic cell in its opposite equatorial sector. Thus, there are two very important conditions for twin cyclogenesis: one is the MJO westerly wind straddling the equator, and the other is the integral super cloud cluster, which later splits into two cloud convective clusters with independent vortices.     

热带风暴"米克拉"异常路径特征及原因分析

利用高空和地面常规资料、地转引导气流及热带风暴受力平衡中各力的分解,对"米克拉"异常路径进行分析,指出东移的西风槽影响着副高的进退,热带风暴移动路径主要受大型气压梯度力所牵引,并在台风内力作用下右偏于地转引导气流方向;热带风暴沿着高空正涡度的长轴移动.     

大部地区降水偏少 部分地区出现旱象 江南低温阴雨寡照 影响作物生长收获——2001年8月

8月份 ,我国大部地区降水偏少 ,且分布不均 ,华北、东北西部、黄淮西部、江汉、西南东部等地部分地区仍有旱象 ;江苏、云南等省部分地区出现暴雨、大暴雨或特大暴雨 ,局部洪涝灾害严重 ;山东、河北等省局部遭受雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气袭击 ,造成一定经济损失。黄淮、江淮、江南、西南地区东部等地月平均气温稍偏低 ,日照时数偏少 ,阴雨日数多 ,尤其是江南及川东、重庆等地低温阴雨寡照明显 ,给农作物、经济作物及大春作物的收获等带来不利影响。月末 ,有一个热带风暴在广西北海登陆 ,海南、广东等省遭受损失。1　北方部分地区及江淮西部…     

“0112”海南岛大暴雨的分析和暴雨落区预报的讨论

2001年12月，受到热带风暴外围环流和冷空气的共同影响，在南海北部生成一支低空东风急流，同时，在海南岛东南部生成一个θse高值区，低空东风急流轴与θse高值区有很好的对应关系，使得在θse平流高值区内发生了一次强降水过程。     

2001年辽宁夏季暴雨环流形势特征

针对 2001年辽宁夏季暴雨过程 ,对造成辽宁夏季暴雨的环流形势和热带风暴、副热带高压等系统的演变特征进行统计分析 ,并对数值预报产品及释用产品预报能力进行了客观对比 ,论述了低空急流、切变线与辽宁暴雨的关系     

北部湾低压向热带风暴发展的时空结构分析

该文采用天气动力学分析方法，重点探讨北部湾低压向北部湾热带风暴发展的时空手物理机制，文章着重讨论了这类过程的高低层形势特征和空间结构，并通过诊断场计算分析揭示了这类过程的空间动力场插手玫各层的水汽分布特征，归纳出了北部湾低压向热带风暴发展的短期预报着眼点。     

9606号强热带风暴过程综合分析

运用常规气象资料,卫星云图及数值预报产品,对９６０６号强热带风暴进行综合分析,分析表明：９６０６号强热带风暴为典型质海台风中的一种,即小面强;风暴登陆后从旨山以北穿过海南,造成全省范围出现大雨以上降水。数值预报产品对９６０６号强热带风暴的预报是比较成功的。     

关于0309号热带风暴"莫拉克"登陆地点的探讨

本文通过对0309号热带风暴“莫拉克”影响期间,福建省沿海风场、气压场、变压场特征的分析,认为“莫拉克”风暴在临近福建省沿海时已减弱为热带低压,而热带低压的登陆地点在厦门,而不是在晋江;登陆时间是2003年8月4日23：00左右。