层状介质模型多道海洋直流电法拖缆变形数据校正模拟分析

多道海洋直流电法是海洋地球物理探测技术的重要手段之一,应用该方法进行海洋探测时,其用于数据采集的拖缆在外力作用下会产生变形,导致测量的数据产生畸变,进而影响反演结果.本文基于视电阻率、视电阻率变异比及视电阻率变异系数等参数,通过数值模拟的方法分析了拖缆不同曳航高度、不同变形形状、不同变形方向、不同变形幅度等因素对测量数据及校正后数据的影响并进行定量评价,基于校正后的数据,引入异常变化比等参数综合分析拖缆变形对含气层和孤立含气区异常特征分辨的影响.研究结果表明,拖缆变形不仅会导致测量的视电阻率数据发生畸变,还会使利用实际装置系数校正后的数据视也产生偏差,数据畸变的特征与拖缆变形形式及曳航高度有关,可用视电阻率、视电阻率变异比、视电阻率变异系数综合分析对数据的畸变水平进行量化评价.在一定变形范围内,校正后的数据可以显现含气异常,但反映能力有所下降;当拖缆变形幅度过大时,校正后的数据会差生大幅度波动,不仅淹没原有含气反映,甚至产生虚假异常.     

海洋大数据安全现状及其工作对策建议

随着海洋观测调查和综合信息管理技术的飞速发展,海洋数据资源快速累积,其重要性及潜在价值日趋凸显,由此可能引发的海洋数据安全风险问题与日俱增。数据安全已成为大数据时代海洋数据资源管理与共享服务最紧迫的核心问题。笔者调研了大数据安全政策现状和大数据安全发展历程,梳理总结了当前海洋大数据安全现状和面临的挑战。在此基础上,以《中华人民共和国数据安全法》为依据,以海洋大数据全生命周期为核心,从深入理解海洋大数据安全的内涵、确立海洋大数据安全的原则和内容、构建海洋大数据安全技术体系架构,以及建立海洋大数据安全评估指标体系等4个方面,提出海洋大数据安全工作对策建议。     

基于小数据的海洋专业图书馆精准服务研究

海洋图书馆现有普适化服务模式已无法满足海洋事业发展和满足科研用户个性化需求。文章对图书馆小数据的类型和作用进行了分析。为准确发现科研用户需求并预测其发展趋势,海洋专业图书馆应基于图书馆小数据的采集、融合、分析和管理,构建科研用户画像,并应用于知识发现系统、个性化定制和推荐、虚拟社群等服务模式中,提高科研服务的精准化。     

福建省海洋与渔业大数据中心建设初探

当今世界已经迈进大数据时代,云计算、物联网与移动互联网迅速在海洋行业得到普及与应用,使多种形态的海量数据快速产生。本文首先梳理了国内外大数据中心发展情况和福建省海洋信息化建设现状及存在问题,其次介绍了大数据及海洋大数据的含义和特征,并重点分析了福建省海洋大数据中心的建设需求,最后提出福建省海洋大数据中心的建设思路,为下一步具体建设福建省海洋大数据中心提供方向。     

2020年7月西北太平洋和南海“空台”环流特征分析

2020年7月西北太平洋和南海出现了史无前例的“空台”事件。利用NCEP再分析数据集、中国气象局（CMA）台风最佳路径等资料研究了此次“空台”现象的大尺度环流背景及动力和热力学特征。使用台风潜在生成指数（DGPI）分析发现2020年7月大尺度环流背景不利于台风生成,环流系统的异常通过影响对流层垂直风切变和垂直运动限制了台风的活动。2020年7月马斯克林高压较常年明显偏西偏弱,导致索马里急流强度减弱,越赤道气流不活跃,菲律宾以东洋面和南海海域盛行一致的偏东气流,历史同期活跃在该区域的季风槽无法建立,从而不利于热带扰动的生成。北半球极涡主体偏向西半球一侧,影响东半球冷空气势力较弱,副热带高压位置偏西;南亚高压较历史同期偏强且偏东,其东侧强盛的偏东气流将洋中槽截断,在西北太平洋区域出现反气旋性环流,该区域下沉气流增强,导致副热带高压强度增强,对流层中层强烈的下沉气流抑制了台风的生成和发展。此外,受中高层环流系统异常的影响,7月菲律宾吕宋岛以东洋面和南海地区环境垂直风切变较常年偏高2～4 m/s,南海部分海域偏高达4～8 m/s,同时该区域内异常偏强的下沉气流导致对流层低层相对湿度偏低,大气层...     

地理信息系统在海岸海洋地貌研究中的应用

随着现代海洋观测技术的发展,通过海岸海洋地貌调查获得的数据急剧增长。运用地理信息系统(GIS)将不同学科、不同来源、不同格式的数据进行集成管理、分析和表达已成为当前海岸海洋地貌研究的重点。系统介绍了GIS技术在海岸海洋地貌研究中新的方法体系,包括数据获取、数据处理、数据分析和数据表达四个部分,重点研究了GIS空间技术、海底地形建模和用三维可视化技术解译海洋地学,探索陆海交互作用中隐含信息的方法,并将其应用到沿海城市规划、海港选址、大陆架岛礁地貌环境研究的具体实例中,研究范围从陆到海涵盖整个海陆交互作用带,为海岸海洋社会发展、经济建设及外交权益提供科学基础和决策支持。通过上述方法体系与应用研究说明,以GIS为核心建立的多源地理空间信息平台使传统海岸海洋地貌研究的范围、内容及方法都发生了重大变化,但多源数据信息的精确解译和成功应用必须同时具有空间信息学和地貌学专家知识。     

The effect of the wave-induced mixing on the upper ocean temperature in a climate model

The significant underestimation of sea surface temperature （SST） and the temperature in the upper ocean is one of common problems in present climate models. The influence of the wave-induced mixing on SST and the temperature in the upper ocean was examined based on a global climate model. The results from the model coupled with wave-induced mixing showed a significant improvement in the simulation of SST and the temperature in the upper ocean compared with those of the original model without wave effects. Although there has still a cold bias, the new simulation is much closer to the climatology, especially in the northern ocean and tropical ocean. This study indicates that some important physical processes in the accurate simulation of the ocean may be ignored in present climate models, and the wave-induced mixing is one of those factors. Thus, the wave-induced mixing （ or the effect of surface waves） should be incorporated properly into climate models in order to simulate or forecast the ocean, then climate system, more accurately.     

“Trends” and variations of global oceanic evaporation data sets from remote sensing

The variability in global oceanic evaporation data sets was examined for the period 1988-2000. These data sets are satellite estimates based on bulk aerodynamic formulations and include the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Flux version 2 （ GSSTF2）, the Japanese-ocean flux using remote sensing observations （J-OFURO）, and the Hamburg Ocean-Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite version 2 （HOAPS2）. The National Center for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） reanalysis is also included for comparison. An increase in global average surface latent heat flux （SLHF） can be observed in all the data sets. Empirical mode decomposition （EMD） shows long-term increases that started around 1990 for all remote sensing data sets. The effect of Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991 is clearly evident in HOAPS2 but is independent of the longterm increase. Linear regression analyses show increases of 9.4%, 13.0%, 7. 3%, and 3.9% for GSSTF2, J-OFURO, HOAPS2 and NCEP, for the periods of the data sets. Empirical orthogonal function （EOF） analyses show that the pattern of the first EOF of all data sets is consistent with a decadal variation associated with the enhancement of the tropical Hadley circulation, which is supported by other satellite observations. The second EOF of all four data sets is an ENSO mode, and the correlations between their time series and an SO1 are 0.74, 0.71,0.59, and 0.61 for GSSTF2, J-OFURO, HOAPS2, and NCEP in that order. When the Hadley modes are removed from the remote sensing data, the residue global increases are reduced to 2.2% , 7. 3%, and 〈 1% for GSSTF2, J-OFURO and HOAPS, respectively. If the ENSO mode is used as a calibration standard for the data sets, the Hadley mode is at least comparable to, if not larger than, the ENSO mode during our study period.     

Evaluation of ENVISAT ASAR data for sea surface wind retrieval in Hong Kong coastal waters of China

The C-band wind speed retrieval models, CMOD4, CMOD - IFR2, and CMOD5 were applied to retrieval of sea surface wind speeds from ENVISAT （European environmental satellite） ASAR （advanced synthetic aperture radar） data in the coastal waters near Hong Kong during a period from October 2005 to July 2007. The retrieved wind speeds are evaluated by comparing with buoy measurements and the QuikSCAT （quick scatterometer） wind products. The results show that the CMOD4 model gives the best performance at wind speeds lower than 15 m/s. The correlation coefficients with buoy and QuikSCAT winds are 0.781 and 0.896, respectively. The root mean square errors are the same 1.74 m/s. Namely, the CMOD4 model is the best one for sea surface wind speed retrieval from ASAR data in the coastal waters near Hong Kong.