南极半岛外过去冰流的深海底证据

南极冰盖和冰帽的过去范围和将来稳定性是理解气候变化后果的主要依据,因为南极大陆的９９%被冰覆盖,冰下侵蚀和搬运为大量陆源沉积物输送到海底提供了唯一的手段,在以前的冰川地形中,无论在陆地上还是海洋中,带状地貌形态与先前的冰流平行非常普遍,并且可用于重建古冰流方向。这种地形形成于运动的冰流之下,由于它出现于大约２１ｋａ的末次冰期极盛时,无论是岸上和浅海冰盖的全球范围和厚度都比目前大。从那时起,在南极西部冰盖失去了２／３的质量。冰川后退引起了陆地上和海底之上这种大规模构造的出露,它们或多或少地被后来地质作用重塑…     

辽东湾冰期海洋热通量的确定与分析

首先讨论了海洋热通量的计算方法,并利用辽东湾ＪＺ２０－２海域定点观测的气象、水文和海冰数据,对１９９７～１９９８年度的海洋热通量进行了数值计算。结果表明,其值在初冰期最大,可达２００Ｗｍ＾－２以上,然后随着冰期的处长而逐渐减小,在融冰期接近于０。最后,讨论了气象和水文备件、海冰厚度和类型等因素对海洋热通量的影响。本文首次对辽东湾冰期的海洋热一进行了确定,并得到了其在整个冰期内的变化规律。     

基于Logistic模型的北极海冰生长曲线研究

北极海冰季节变化明显,相关文献主要侧重于各海区海冰覆盖率的多年变化特征,尚未有针对海冰覆盖率生长和消融曲线的模型研究.本文引入Logistic曲线模型,以半封闭型的喀拉海为研究区域,定量分析北极海冰覆盖率增长过程,旨在给出一种海冰空间分布生长的统计模型.结果 显示,拟合曲线与实测曲线相关性良好,不同时期的可决系数(R2...     

海冰对海浪影响研究综述

受全球气候变化的影响,极区海浪尤其是北极海浪在过去几十年发生了显著的变化,使得海冰边缘区海冰与海浪的相互作用愈发显著。本文从物理海洋学的角度出发,较系统地总结了海冰对海浪作用研究的国内外现状,从理论和实测的角度分别探讨了海冰对海浪能量的耗散及其引起的波动频散关系的变化,同时分析了当前海冰覆盖海域海浪的数值模拟与现场观测研究,指出了未来开展有冰海域海浪数值模拟与预报所面临的主要问题,并对该方向今后的研究做出展望。总体来看,尽管海冰对海浪作用的机理复杂且与海冰类型高度相关,但是海冰对海浪能量的衰减与传播距离基本呈指数关系,并且海冰会一定程度上影响海浪的传播速度。未来依然需要更多不同海冰类型下海浪的观测数据以开展进一步的机理分析、模型检验和参数校准,进而实现高精度的业务化预报。     

IPCC AR6报告解读:未来的全球气候——基于情景的预估和近期信息

依据IPCC第六次评估报告(AR6)第一工作组报告第四章的内容,对未来全球气候的预估结果进行解读.报告对21世纪全球表面气温、降水、大尺度环流和变率模态、冰冻圈和海洋圈的可能变化进行了系统评估,并对2100年以后的气候变化做了合理估计.评估指出全球平均表面气温将在未来20年内达到或超过1.5℃,平均降水也将增加,但随季...     

极地海冰遥感数据发布系统的容器化部署方法研究

面向云原生应用的持续集成、持续部署技术发展迅速,但是当前结合遥感数据发布系统实际需求的集成和部署方案研究并不充分。为降低云原生极地海冰遥感数据发布系统在开发、测试、部署环节的难度,及时为用户提供安全、可靠的最新功能,本文基于GitOps理念,利用新兴的Argo Events、Argo Workflows和Argo CD工具设计实现了一个持续集成部署方案。实践表明,本文的部署方法能够加快系统新功能迭代速度,提升整个系统质量,进而为极地地区和全球气候变化研究提供数据保障。     

格陵兰以西海冰在冬季格陵兰阻塞影响极寒天气中的调制作用

通过分析1979～2019年ERA-Interim逐日再分析资料和大气环流模式试验,研究了格陵兰岛以西的巴芬湾-戴维斯海峡-拉不拉多海(Baffin Bay、Davis Strait和Labrador Sea,BDL)冬季海冰变化对格陵兰阻塞的调制作用及动力机制.结果表明,冬季BDL地区海冰较少、气温较高,有利于冬季格...     

基于CryoSat-2卫星测高数据的北极海冰厚度变化研究

北极海冰是地球气候系统的重要因子,获取精确的海冰厚度及其变化信息对于开展北极和全球变化研究等有着重要的意义.卫星测高是获取连续、大范围海冰厚度的主要方法之一.冰间水道识别是卫星测高方法估算海冰厚度的关键之一.基于CryoSat-2数据,利用遥感影像对两种主要的冰间水道识别方法进行了对比,发现波形特征法能够更好地识别冰间...     

Thickness distribution and extent of sea ice and snow in Prydz Bay and surrounding waters observed in 2012/2013 austral summer

Three ship-based observational campaigns were conducted to survey sea ice and snow in Prydz Bay and the surrounding waters(64.40°S–69.40°S, 76.11°E–81.29°E) from 28 November 2012 to 3 February 2013. In this paper, we present the sea ice extent and its variation, and the ice and snow thickness distributions and their variations with time in the observed zone. In the pack ice zone, the southern edge of the pack ice changed little, whereas the northern edge retreated significantly during the two earlier observation periods. Compared with the pack ice, the fast ice exhibited a significantly slower variation in extent with its northernmost edge retreating southwards by 6.7 km at a rate of 0.37 km?d-1. Generally, ice showed an increment in thickness with increasing latitude from the end of November to the middle of December. Ice and snow thickness followed an approximate normal distribution during the two earlier observations(79.7±28.9 cm, 79.1±19.1 cm for ice thickness, and 11.6±6.1 cm, 9.6±3.4 cm for snow thickness, respectively), and the distribution tended to be more concentrated in mid-December than in late November. The expected value of ice thickness decreased by 0.6 cm, whereas that of snow thickness decreased by 2 cm from 28 November to 18 December 2012. Ice thickness distribution showed no obvious regularity between 31 January and 3 February, 2013.     

Status of the Recent Declining of Arctic Sea Ice Studies

In the past 30 years, a large-scale change occurred in the Arctic climatic system, which had never been observed before 1980s. At the same time, the Arctic sea ice experienced a special evolution with more and more rapidly dramatic declining. In this circumstance, the Arctic sea ice became a new focus of the Arctic research. The recent advancements about abrupt change of the Arctic sea ice are reviewed in this paper .The previous analyses have demonstrated the accelerated declining trend of Arctic sea ice extent in the past 30 years, based on in-situ and satellite-based observations of atmosphere, as well as the results of global and regional climate simulations. Especially in summer, the rate of decrease for the ice extents was above 10% per decade. In present paper, the evolution characteristics of the arctic sea ice and its possible cause are discussed in three aspects, i.e. the sea ice physical properties, the interaction process of sea ice, ocean and atmosphere and its response and feedback mechanism to global and arctic climate system.