电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定磷矿石中磷镁铝铁

运用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)分析磷矿石样品中的多元素,通常采用氢氟酸+盐酸+硝酸混合酸分解石样品,其中的氢氟酸是为了彻底分解地质样品中以硅酸盐形式存在的待测元素,但赶除氢氟酸的程序繁琐。本文在实际工作中发现,仅需测定磷矿石中的磷、镁、铝、铁元素时,可不加氢氟酸,四种元素的分析结果已能满足要求,这可能是与样品处理过程中生成的少量氢氟酸有关。为了验证不加氢氟酸的样品分解能力,采用浓硝酸-浓盐酸混合酸(体积比1∶1)加热分解试样,稀酸浸取,溶液冷却定容后直接用ICP-AES测定。分析结果显示溶样酸中是否含有氢氟酸,对磷、镁、铝、铁的测定结果不存在显著影响。方法检出限为磷100μg/g、镁0.3μg/g、铝20μg/g和铁6μg/g。经国家一级标准物质分析验证,方法精密度(RSD)小于5.0%,相对误差小于1.5%。本方法针对性强,分析快速准确,适用于实际工作中不包括钙和硅元素在内的磷矿石简项测定。     

The effects of enriched CO2 and enhanced UV-B radiation on ultra-structure of Dunaliella salina, singly and in combination

The effects of ambient CO2/ambient UV-B, enriched CO2/ambient UV-B, ambient CO2/enhanced UV-B, and enriched CO2/enhanced UV-B on the ultrastructure of Dunaliella salina were investigated. （1） The ultrastructure of D..salina cell in the control experiment showed that the arrangement of thylakoid lamellae was regular, and there were many large starch grains among the thylakoid lamellae. A prominent well-developed pyrenoid was found in the middle of the chloroplast. Nucleus envelope and nucleolus were clearly observed. The Golgi apparatus accompanied by numerous vesicles with a compact arrangement of cisternae and the peripheral tips of the cisternae were swollen to a size comparable to that of some of the associated vesicles. （2） The ultrastructure of D. salina cell in enriched CO2 showed that the arrangement of thylakoid was regular and the lamellae were vivid. Developed pyrenoids were found in the low-CO2-grown cells, but not in the high-CO2-grown cells. The mitochondria cristae were vivid. The arrangement of Golgi apparatus was compact. （3） The ultrastructure of D. salina cell in enhanced UV-B showed that the thylakoid was dissolved and the cells had a less developed pyrenoid or no detectable pyrenoid. Part of the nucleus envelope was dissolved. The number ofmitochondria was increased and some mitochondria cristae were disintegrated. The starch grains were broken apart into many small starch grains. The Golgi apparatus with a loose arrangement ofcistemae and the peripheral tips of the Golgi cistemae were not especially swollen, with several large associated vesicles. （4） The ultrastructure of D. salina cell in the enriched CO2/enhanced UV-B showed that part of the thylakoid and nucleus envelopes of some cells were dissolved. The pyrenoid was larger than that of the enhanced UV-B. There were many mitochondria between stroma and chloroplast membrane, but mitochondria cristae were partly dissolved. Many small starch grains were accumulated in cells. The starch sheath was broken into several discontinuous starch grains with different sizes. The arrangement of Golgi apparatus was loose. Above all, although the enriched CO2 can alleviate the damage induced by the UV-B radiation, the effects of experimental UV-B radiation were larger than the effects of actual UV-B radiation, the damage induced by the UV-B radiation was so severe, therefore, CO2 enrichment could not restore the ultrastructure to the control level.     

长江径流变化对南港盐水入侵影响分析

根据长江大通站长系列流量资料，按不同频率把枯季流量划分为丰，平，枯，特枯四类，并与吴淞，高桥氯化物进行对比分析，表明南港河段每年受到盐水入侵的影响，但入侵强度各年相差甚远，主要受控于径流量的丰竭，三峡工作兴建后对长江口咸潮影响，既有不利的一面，又有有利的一面，建议水库调蓄方式根据实际情况调整。     

长江口水动力过程的研究进展(1979～1999)

长江口是长江注入东海的入海口 ,自徐六泾以下经过３次分汊 ,共形成４个入海通道。长江口为中潮河口，口外潮汐为正规半日潮 ,口内为非正规半日浅海潮。长江河口水动力的研究主要起因于：（１）海洋科学海陆相互作用中河口动力学的基础理论研究；（２）长江口深水航道的维持（整治、疏浚）；（３）长江河口水环境、污染物处理的日益恶化；（４）长江河口淡水资源的开发利用。长江口水动力过程主要研究径流、潮流、波浪、柯氏力及沿岸流相互作用。长江口水动力情况复杂 ,径流、潮汐、波浪、柯氏力及沿岸流作用都较强烈 ,赵保仁１９９３年认为…     

长江口粘性泥沙在流动盐水中的沉降速度

本文报道了粘性泥沙在流动盐水中的沉降试验,计算了衰减系数、沉降速度。试验结果表明,粘性泥沙的动水絮凝沉速与静水絮凝沉速相比,前者要此后者小得多。本文的结论对长江口工程规划、设计及环境评价等均有参考价值。     

“抗盐水稻”经初步评审——两个品种可逐步推广

我院自1976年开始承担山东省科委下达培育“海水稻”的研究任务，经过6年多的努力，已获初步成果。为了总结经验，检验成果，以利于下一步工作的开展，青岛市科委受省科委的委托，于1982年8月30日至9月1日在潍坊地区召开了评审会议。有23个单位44名科技人员和领导干部出席了会议。     

Numerical Modelling of Dissolving and Driving Exploitation of Potash Salt in the Qarhan Playa ? A Coupled Model of Reactive Solute Transport and Chemical Equilibrium in a Multi-component Underground Brine System

Firstly, the macroscopic chemical equilibrium state of a series of chemical reactions between intercrystal brine and its media salt layer （salt deposit） in Qarhan Salt Lake was studied by using the Pitzer theory. The concept of macroscopic solubility product and its relation with accumulated ore dissolving ratio were presented, which are used in the numerical model of dissolving and driving exploitation of potassium salt in Qarhan Salt Lake. And secondly, with a model forming idea of transport model for reacting solutes in the multi-component fresh groundwater system in porous media being a reference, a two-dimensional transport model coupled with a series of chemical reactions in a multi-component brine porous system （salt deposits） was developed by using the Pitzer theory. Meanwhile, the model was applied to model potassium/magnesium transport in Qarhan Salt Lake in order to study the transfer law of solid and liquid phases in the dissolving and driving process and to design the optimal injection/abstraction strategy for dissolving and capturing maximum Potassium/ Magnesium in the mining of salt deposits in Qarhan Salt Lake.