稳定盐膏层井眼的不饱和有机盐水钻井液新技术

从力学和物理学角度分析,人们一般采用油基钻井液、饱和盐水钻井液或欠饱和盐水钻井液钻盐膏层,但油基钻井液因为自身缺陷无法大规模使用,而且井下经常出现事故或复杂情况。在成本可接受的情况下,采用适当密度的不饱和有机盐钻井液,可使钻井液在满足地层盐岩适当溶解的同时又具有较强的抑制性,从而达到盐膏层井眼稳定的目的。在室内进行了以密度为1.30 g/cm3和1.36 g/cm3有机盐水溶液为基液配制而成的两套钻井液常规性能、抗污染性能和盐溶量实验,认为两套钻井液都能够满足盐膏层的钻井需要,且在Y5-2井也进行了现场试验,表明与同构造上的其它完成井相比,无事故或复杂情况,综合成本低。     

Microthermometric measurement of fluid inclusions and its constraints on genesis of PGE-polymetallic deposits in Lower Cambrian black rock series, southern China

Systematic microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic deposits hosted in the Lower Cambrian black rock series in southern China were performed, and the results suggest: (1) there exist two types of fluid inclusions. TypeⅠis of NaCl-H2O system with low-medium salinity, and its homogenization temperatures (Th) and salinities are 106.9- 286.4℃ and ( 0.8- 21.8) wt%NaCl eq. respectively; TypeⅡ is of CaCl2-NaCl-H2O system with medium-high salinities, and its homogenization temperatures and salinities range from 120.1℃ to 269.6℃ and ( 11.4- 31.4) wt%NaCl eq., respectively. The typeⅡ fluid inclusions have been discovered for the first time in this kind of deposits; (2) two generations of ore-forming fluids were recognized. Characteristics of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic ores and carbonate-quartz stockworks in the underlying phosphorites are almost of no difference, they may represent ore-forming fluids at the main metallogenic stage. The peak value of homogenization temperature of those fluid inclusions is about 170℃, while their salinities possess a remarkable bimodal distribution pattern with two peak values of (27-31) wt%NaCl eq. and (4-6) wt%NaCl eq. On the contrary, fluid inclusions in the carbonate-quartz veins in the hanging wall may represent ore-forming fluids at the post-metallogenetic stage. The homogenization temperatures and the peak values of salinities are mostly 130-170℃ and (12-14) wt%NaCl eq., respectively; (3) nobel gas isotopic composition analyses in combination with the microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions suggest that the ore-forming fluids at the main metallogenetic stage were probably derived from mixing of basinal hot brines with the CaCl2-NaCl-H2O system and seawater with the NaCl-H2O system; (4) in the Early Cambrian, the basinal hot brines were trapped in the Caledonian basins, which were distributed along the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton, and where giant thick sediments were accumulated, and expelled and migrated laterally along the strata because of the pressure caused by overlying sediments. The basinal hot brines absorbed Ni, Mo, V, PGE from the surrounding rocks and were transformed into ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids with the CaCl2-NaCl-H2O system and medium-high salinities, then ascended along faults and mixed with seawater of the NaCl-H2O system, and finally PGE-polymetallic deposits or occurrences were formed in the black rock series.     

硫铅酸盐“S”型瞬凝水泥干法护壁堵漏技术研究

介绍了硫铝酸盐“Ｓ”型瞬凝水泥干法者漏时使用的配方,阐述了输送工具和扫孔钻具的设计以及灌注工艺技术。     

PDSOFT 3DPiping在工程设计中的应用

介绍了PDSOFT3DPiping三维配管软件在脱盐水站项目工艺配管设计中的应用,应用软件的主要步骤,及其在工程设计中的优越性。PDSOFT3DPiping三维配管软件不仅能提高设计效率和设计质量,也能减少设计中出现的问题。     

潮汐强度与咸潮上溯距离试验

采用物理模型实验方法对不同潮差驱动下咸水入侵距离进行实验研究,结果表明存在潮差临界值使得咸水入侵距离最短,当潮差小于该临界值,咸水入侵距离随潮差增大呈快速减小趋势,而大于该临界值则呈缓慢增大趋势。基于实验数据对盐淡水混合进行理论分析,揭示了实验现象的产生机制:①潮差增大过程中盐淡水混合由高度分层变为均匀混合,导致驱动咸潮入侵的动力发生了改变;②当盐淡水为弱混合类型,盐淡水高度分层,重力环流输运是盐进入河口的主要方式,潮汐强度增大减小了盐淡水分层,减弱了重力环流的输运作用,因此入侵距离变小;③当盐淡水为强混合类型,盐淡水混合均匀,重力环流输运作用大大减弱,潮汐扩散成为主要的输运方式,潮汐增强使得扩散能力增大,因此潮汐强度越大,咸潮入侵距离越大。     

基于在线学习与误差修正的珠江河口区盐度预报

受潮汐、径流、风速风向、地形变化等多种海陆要素交互作用,河口区盐水入侵呈高度不确定性与非线性特征,盐度预报难度较大.利用在线学习算法与误差自回归修正方法在水文预报中时效性更强的优点,构建一种耦合在线序列极限学习机-误差修正(OSELM-EC)盐水入侵预报模型,选取珠江河口区磨刀门水道为典型研究区进行逐日盐度预报.结果表...     

CO_2-盐水相对渗透率影响机制研究进展

将CO2封存于地下深部含水层,是减轻碳排放压力的有效手段之一。CO2-盐水相对渗透率是影响地层中CO2迁移、捕获的最重要参数之一。在借鉴油气资源领域渗透率研究成果的基础上,详细论述了影响CO2-盐水相对渗透率的因素,包括流体性质、流体饱和历史和岩石结构,认为流体性质对相对渗透率的影响主要体现在界面张力、黏度比和毛管数的大小;不同流体饱和历史的相对渗透率曲线存在明显滞后性;岩石结构通过矿物润湿性和孔隙结构差异影响相对渗透率大小;最终得到的相对渗透率曲线是各因素叠加的综合结果。     

河南桐柏吴城碱矿定向水平对接采卤井堵漏工艺可行性分析

河南桐柏吴城碱矿采卤生产井堵漏问题一直困扰着该地区采卤井钻井速度,多年来未取得突破性进展。经过在SP08井现场进行水泥注浆堵漏试验,得出该地层漏失特性为遇水可溶的裂缝性漏失。根据这个特性,结合室内试验,从堵漏材料选择、工艺两方面较为系统地总结出该地区堵漏技术,制定出以高失水材料为主,配合桥堵材料综合技术措施及承压工艺方法。为今后该矿区快速、高效堵漏提供了有效的技术支持。     

老挝可溶性矿床钻探无固相饱和盐水钻井液护壁技术和堵漏方法

在老挝可溶性矿（钾盐）地质钻探工作中,采用了无固相饱和盐水钻井液及双液单泵送浆固壁堵漏方法,钻进效率及经济效益有了大幅度提高。分析了钻探施工中遇到的问题,介绍了无固相饱和盐水钻井液护壁技术及双液单泵送浆固壁堵漏方法的应用及效果。