基于模糊算子理论的道路半自动提取

提出了一种基于模糊算子理论的道路半自动提取方法。该方法在对小比例尺影像进行Sobel边缘检测的基础上，定义了12种模糊算子表示2维道路的各种可能的结构，然后在给定道路种子点附近形成的一定范围内进行搜索，提取出道路的中心线。实验结果表明，该算法速度较快并且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Ruthenium-ion-catalyzed oxidation of asphaltenes and oil-source correlation of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields in the Tarim Basin, NW China

The identification of marine source rocks in the Tarim Basin is debated vigorously. The intention of this paper is to investigate the asphahenes in heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields and Well TD2 with ruthenium-ions-catalyzed oxidation technique (RICO), in order to explore its role in oil-oil and oil-source correlations, The RICO products included n-alkanoic acids, α,ω-di-n-alkanoic acids, branched alkanoic acids, tricyclic terpanoic acids, hopanoic acids, gammacerane carboxylic acid , regular sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids. The n-alkyl chains and biomarkers bounded on the asphaltenes were of unsusceptibility to biodegradation. The distribution and absolute concentrations of n-alkanoic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields are different from those of Well TD2. The biomarkers bounded on the asphahenes, especially steranes, have a distribution trend similar to that of the counterparts in saturates. The sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields, dominated by C30 sterane and C31 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids, respectively, are significantly different from those of the heavy oils of Well TD2, whose dominating sterane and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids are C28 sterane and C29 4-methylsterane acids, respectively. The RICO products of the asphaltenes further indicate that the Middle-Upper Ordovician may be the main source rocks for heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields.     

Biomineralization of Uranium: A Simulated Experiment and Its Significance

A simulated experimental reduction of U^v1 and the synthesis of uraninite by a sulfate-reducing bacteria,Desulfovibrio desulfuricans DSM 642, are first reported. The simulated physicochemical experimental conditions were:35℃, pH=7.0-7.4, corresponding to the environments of formation of the sandstone-hosted interlayer oxidation-zone type uranium deposits in Xinjiang, NW China. Uraninite was formed on the surface of the host bacteria after a one-week‘s incubation. Therefore, sulfate-reducing bacteria, which existed extensively in Jurassic sandstone-producing environments,might have participated in the biomineralization of this uranium deposit. There is an important difference in the orderdisorder of the crystalline structure between the uraninite produced by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and naturally occurring uraninite. Long time and slow precipitation and growth of uraninite in the geological environment might have resulted in larger uraninite crystals, with uraninite nanocrystals arranged in order, whereas the experimentally produced uraninite is composed of unordered uraninite nanocrystals which, in contrast, result from the short time span of formation and rapid precipitation and growth of uraninite. The discovery has important implications for understanding genetic significance in mineralogy, and also indicates that in-situ bioremediation of U-contaminated environments and use of biotechnology in the treatment of radioactive liquid waste is being contemplated.     

基于GIS的小流域水土流失自然因子提取——以诏安草子坝小流域为例

本文以福建省诏安县草子坝小流域为研究区域，建立水土流失影响因素基础数据，分析不同高程、坡度、土地利用现状和距离道路、居民点的远近，特别是道路、建设、陡坡开垦种果等与水土流失的关系，为相似地区的水土保持工作提供借鉴。     

AutoCAD技术在道路工程施工测量中的应用

在道路建设中,通常分为几个标段同时施工,每个标段里一般包括路基及各种构造物,因此,施工测量任务十分繁重,由于全站仪在工程测量中的普遍应用,其极坐标放样功能使测量工作中出现错误主要为坐标计算错误,特别是具有记忆功能的全站仪,可以事先输入坐标,复核后再到现场放样。所以测量的主要工作就是根据施工图纸计算其各个部位的坐标,而如何快速、准确地计算坐标是关键所在。应用AutoCAD技术进行坐标定位计算,则可以做到事半功倍,并能取得良好的施工效果。     

农地转让补偿应走市场化道路

要想从源头上解决现今农地征收转让过程中产生的种种问题,就必须引入市场手段,取代目前补偿机制中起主导作用的行政手段。     

不列颠群岛的细致温柔(五) 诺维奇,日夜之间

<正>初到诺城的时候,在一个懒散的7月,空气中都散着夏日的明媚气味和绿色植物发出的新鲜草味。蓝得有些透明的天,带着小的白云,天空矮矮地,就挂在唾手可得的地方。道路两旁的红色砖房陷在路色的大树里,成了路边趣味盎然的风景。就在那样的光景里,在那样和煦的微风和不算燥热的温度当中,诺城用那种泰然自若的面貌,迎接着每一位来到这里的游客,或者故人。     

基于时频特征的高分辨率遥感图像道路提取

针对传统的遥感图像道路提取算法存在错漏率较高的问题,提出一种基于时频特征提取和域自适应学习分类器的高分辨率航空遥感图像道路提取新算法。首先利用地统计学抽取道路的时域纹理特征和三维小波变换抽取道路的频域光谱特征,构成高分辨率航空图像中的道路特征。然后使用抽取的道路特征训练由迁移支持向量机模型构建的域自适应分类器,并对高分辨率航空遥感图像进行道路粗提取。最后,结合道路形态特征,用数学形态学方法处理粗分类后的道路,获得提取后的完整道路。仿真实验表明,所提方法能有效降低高分辨率航空遥感图像道路提取中非道路目标的干扰,提高道路提取的精确性。     

顾及形态特征和语义信息的双线道路识别方法

双线道路识别与提取是城市路网综合的关键。提出了一种城市双线道路提取的方法。在构建好的道路网眼的基础上,综合考虑双线道路网眼形态特征以及构成网眼路段之间的语义相似度,设计了识别双线道路网眼的综合指标。通过判断网眼综合指标确定最终的双线道路网眼,最后根据识别出的双线道路网眼提取出双线道路。实验表明,该方法能有效提取出城市道路数据中的双线道路。     

Pleiades高分辨率卫星影像道路提取技术

遥感影像上的道路提取是摄影测量与计算机视觉研究的一项重要内容,本文设计了一种高分辨率卫星影像道路提取方法,首先,利用Canny边缘提取算子提取左影像上的边缘,并利用霍夫变换对线特征进行检测,根据道路的几何特性检测平行直线,再基于影像匹配方法匹配立体像对上的道路;然后,利用卫星影像RPC参数前方交会原理实现道路的几何定位。利用Pleiades卫星影像开展试验,自动提取的道路与人工采集的道路几何定位误差在1个像素以内,试验结果验证了本文方法的有效性。