江苏省城区VOCs污染特征及其关键活性物种识别

利用2019年8月13日—9月30日江苏省13个设区市离线监测的VOCs数据,对江苏省城区VOCs污染特征及其关键活性组分进行分析研究.结果表明,江苏省逐日VOCs的体积分数范围为8.83×10^-9~45.11×10^-9,表现为烷烃 > 芳香烃 > 烯烃 > 炔烃.江苏省13个设区市VOCs的体积分数为7.85×10^-9~30.52×10^-9,徐州市VOCs最高,这与徐州市监测点位置分布及其工业结构相关.全省13个设区市臭氧浓度处于优、良、轻度污染和中度污染时,VOCs总体积分数分别为14.96×10^-9、17.96×10^-9、25.85×10^-9和25.11×10^-9,臭氧浓度处于污染状态时的VOCs高于优、良状态,且炔烃占比随着臭氧污染程度的加重呈升高趋势,表明现阶段臭氧生成与人类活动关系密切.通过加权的方式筛选出间/对二甲苯、乙烯、甲苯、丙烯、异戊二烯、邻二甲苯等物种,它们是目前对江苏省城区影响程度较大且影响范围较广的关键活性物种.     

Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Iron（Ⅲ）with p—Amino—N,N—Dimethylaniline Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide

A new, simple and highly sensitive kinetic method for the determination of trace iron (III) has been developed based on the catalytic effect of iron (III) on color reaction ofp-amino-N, N-dimethylaniline dihydrochloride (p-DMA) oxidated by hydrogen peroxide. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at 510 nm. The detection limit is 4.47×10⁻¹¹ g/ml, and the calibration curve is linear in the range of 0–0.10μg Fe(III) /25 ml with a relative standard deviation of ±3.25%. The method has been applied to the determination of iron in tap-water, chemical reagents and human hair.     

城市低层大气臭氧生成的模拟研究

利用一个城市边界层臭氧模式，以南京市为对象，研究了臭氧在城市低层大气中的形成机制和规律，得出了南京市18个交通点的日臭氧浓度最大值的分布图。结果表明，南京市白天有相当长的时间是处于臭氧超标的状态，不少交通点的日最大臭氧浓度值是标准的2－3倍。文章还模拟了PAN，OH自由基和HCHO这三种重要物种的日变化规律。同时，本文选择南京市东郊的紫金山风景区，实次探讨了植物排放有机物对臭氧生成的贡献。从模式的模拟研究可得，与人为因素相比，植物排放对臭氧生成的作用也是不可忽视的，值得作深入一步的探讨。     

电动力学技术在受污染地下水和土壤修复中新进展

综述了电动力学技术的原理及其在受污染土壤和地下水修复方面的应用.电动力学技术利用电渗析、电迁移和电泳使土壤孔隙中的水和荷电离子或粒子发生迁移运动.大量研究表明,电动力学技术能够高效地去除土壤和地下水中的重金属离子.最新研究表明电动力学技术也能够直接去除有机污染物,其与生物修复优化组合有可能成为高效"绿色"修复技术.这种技术具有安装方便、操作简单和成本低廉的特点,而且不影响生态环境,是非常有发展前景的一种环境修复技术.     

A Novel Type of Oil—generating Organic Matter —Crystal—enclosed Organic Matter

The comparative study of organic matter in carbonate rocks and argillaceous rocks from the same horizon indicates that the organic thermal maturities of carbonate rocks are much lower than those of argillaceous rocks .Ana extensive analysis of extracted and inclused organic matter from the same sample shows that inclused organic matter is different from extracted organic matter,and the thermal maturity of the former is usually lower than that of the latter in terms of biomarker structural parameters.It seems that carbonate mineras could preserve organic matter and retard organic maturation.The inclused organic matter,abundant in most carbonate rocks,will be released from minerals and transformed into oil and gas during the high-thermal maturity stage.