利用SVM的全极化、双极化与单极化SAR图像分类性能的比较

支持向量机(SVM)以其在小训练样本时良好的分类性能,目前已广泛应用于多个领域.本文在极化SAR图像特征提取基础上,将SVM应用于极化SAR图像分类,定性和定量地比较了全极化、双极化和单极化SAR图像的分类性能,分析了不同的极化组合对分类结果的影响,并根据地物极化散射特性分析了分类精度差异的成因.实测极化SAR数据的实验结果表明,全极化数据能获得最好的分类性能,双极化次之,单极化最低,且在某些情况下,双极化与全极化分类性能接近.     

外差激光雷达测量水体布里渊散射可行性研究

该文分析外差激光雷达测量水体布里渊散射的可行性。借助测量水体布里渊散射的频移 ,可得到水体声速或温度。文中利用两条 12 7I2 吸收线锁定激光输出频率 ,产生稳定的频差约为7.5 GHz发射激光和激光本振。通过对 12 7I2 吸收线稳定度、激光频率稳定度、系统信噪比和反演精度的分析和计算机模拟 ,得出水体深度 2 5 m以内水体布里渊散射频移的测量误差可以控制在2 .5 MHz以内 ,达到水中声速 0 .6 m/ s或温度 0 .1℃的测量精度。     

几种粗糙散射理论对海面中频后向声散射的有效性研究

不同粗糙散射理论由于均采用了一定的近似方法,只在特定条件下才具有较好的预测准确性.本文采用PM海浪谱模型,利用积分方程法研究了几种常用粗糙散射理论对海面中频1～20 kHz后向声散射的有效性.仿真结果表明,中频频段相干散射一般远低于非相干散射,平均低约20 dB.四阶小粗糙微扰近似和小斜率近似的预测准确性最好,在频率1...     

极地深海冰盖条件下声传播数值试验

研究极地深海声传播特征具有重要的经济、军事价值,战略意义重大。基于KRAKENC分层弹性介质简振波模型对极地深海冰盖条件下的声传播特征进行数值模拟,得出极地海域向上折射环境和较小深度声源,是形成声道现象必要条件;冰盖的散射作用导致声传播衰减强烈,且深度越大的水层受冰盖影响越小,受海底边界影响越大;声源深度越小,受冰盖影响越大。     

Optimal Forward-Scattering Angles of Atmospheric Aerosols in North China

The accurate understanding of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficients is very important for at- mospheric science research. To achieve a fast and simple method for determining the parameters, the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles of atmospheric aerosols is required. In this paper, the authors introduce the detec- tion basis of forward-scattering of atmospheric aerosols, and the authors verify the sensitivity of the phase function to the real part of the complex refractive index. The au- thors use the Jaenicke urban aerosol model to determine that forward-scattering angles near 33° are suitable. However, the optimal forward-scattering angles in North China are between 37° and 40°. Numerical simulation shows that certain types of particle size distribution of newly generated particles and pollution have limited in- fluences on the selection of forward-scattering angles. But the ranges of these insensitive angles shift - 10 degrees for dust intrusion, and the relative deviations of the phase function are less than 5.0% within extra angles of 0° to 3°. This study can serve as a reference for the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles for visibility meters and Present Weather Identifiers （PWIs） in addition to the de- tection of forward-scattering optical properties.     

星载激光雷达卫星海面风场反演算法研究

The principal purpose of this paper is to extract entire sea surface wind＇s information from spaceborne lidar, and particularly to utilize a appropriate algorithm for removing the interference information due to white caps and subsurface water. Wind speeds are obtained through empirical relationship with sea surface mean square slopes. Wind directions are derived from relationship between wind speeds and wind directions im plied in CMOD5n geophysical models function （GMF）. Whitecaps backscattering signals were distinguished with the help of lidar depolarization ratio measurements and rectified by whitecaps coverage equation. Subsurface water backscattering signals were corrected by means of inverse distance weighted （IDW） from neighborhood non-singular data with optimal subsurface water backscattering calibration parameters. To verify the algorithm reliably, it selected NDBC＇s TAO buoy-laying area as survey region in camparison with buoys＇ wind field data and METOP satellite ASCAT of 25 km single orbit wind field data after temporal-spa tial matching. Validation results showed that the retrieval algorithm works well in terms of root mean square error （RMSE） less than 2m/s and wind direction＇s RMSE less than 21 degree.     

非球形粒子光散射计算研究的进展综述

介质的光散射在许多科学和工程领域中,如光学、电磁学、工程物理、天体物理、大气科学、海洋学、生态学、生物物理学等都有重要的应用。由于其重要性、复杂性和困难性,非球形粒子光散射已成为国际上光散射理论研究的焦点和前沿课题。就粒子光散射,特别是非球形粒子光散射的计算方法及其研究进展进行扼要综述。首先,从光散射的理论基础出发,指出过去广泛应用的球形粒子光散射Lorenz-Mie理论的局限性,从粒子非球形性对散射模式影响的本质,讨论球形粒子Lorenz-Mie散射与非球形粒子光散射的不等效性。在此基础上扼要地阐述了现代非球形粒子光散射计算研究的进展,包括精确的理论解法、一些重要的数值技术以及2个重要的近似解法,即光学软粒子近似和几何光学近似。并指出,近年来为了表示自然界中近于层状和更复杂粒子的光散射特性,层状粒子模型和扩展边界条件法(EBCM)正在成为热门的研究领域,是2个值得注意的发展动向。最后,简要地讨论了非球形粒子光散射计算研究所面临的挑战及其未来的发展方向。     

用微机进行Mie散射算法研究

本文介绍在东海微机上用伦茨算法计算Mie级数的系数,其计算程序已运行成功。计算结果表明此法可使误差传播显著减小,计算精度提高,降低了对微机内存客量的要求,同时,本文得到的计算结果与国外公开发表的计算结果达到同样精度。     

ESTIMATION OF SOUNDING ABILITY OF A BRILLOUIN LIDAR IN THE EAST CHINA SEA

Vertical profiles of sound speed in the sea can be measured by using laser excited Brillouin scattering. In this paper the dependence of the accuracy of sound speed measurement on the accuracy of the Brillouin shift measurement is analyzed. We calculated the maximum detecting depths of sound speed to an accuracy of 1 m/s by lidar with different laser pulse energy, platform altitude, telescope aperture and lidar effective attenuation coefficient. The estimation of sounding ability in the East China Sea is made in some stations. These data can be used in the design of Brillouin Lidar for the China Sea.     

平面P1波入射下海底隧道与海床土交界面滑移接触效应解析解

基于理想流体波动理论和Biot饱和多孔介质波动理论,考虑工程实际中海底隧道与周围海底土体的滑移接触关系,建立了含滑移界面海底隧道模型,该模型还考虑了海水-海床土-海底隧道的动力相互作用。采用Hankel函数积分变换法和波函数展开法,推导了平面P₁波入射下海底隧道与周围海底土体滑移接触界面效应的解析解。在解析解的基础上,通过数值计算分析了滑移接触条件对海底隧道地震动力响应的影响。计算结果表明：滑移接触条件对海底隧道的位移响应和应力响应影响明显;考虑隧道-海床土界面滑移接触条件下海底隧道的位移响应和应力响应显著高于界面无滑移条件时的位移响应和应力响应。