基于高分辨率遥感影像的林地变化检测方法研究

本文采用2013年QuickBird和2017年GF-1卫星遥感影像,以黑龙江省五常市为研究区,利用遥感影像的光谱特征提取纯净森林像元,构建整合森林指数(Integrated Forest Z-Score,IFZ)对影像的森林和非森林区域进行区分,叠加对比分析两期影像提取结果,得到研究区内林地的变化区域.再将自动提取结果与人工判读图斑进行精度验证,面积误差为4.2％,图斑重叠率为85％.从精度结果可知,高分辨遥感影像可以准确地监测林地变化,对研究环境变化和森林经营管理具有决策性作用.     

论中国郯庐断裂带的活动

本文根据卫星影像、断层泥的分布和特征、重力资料、地震分布和震源机制资料以及其他某些地质资料,讨论了郯庐断裂带前震旦亚代以来的活动情况和现代活动性,并认为沿此断裂带现存达几百公里的左旋走滑位移量,应是地史上历次断裂运动的最终结果。指出了值得继续研究的课题     

Distribution and mode of occurrences of radionuclides in phosphogypsum from the Aqaba and Eshidiya fertilizer plants, Jordan

Phosphogypsum is a waste by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that has relatively high concentrations of some U decay-series radionuclides such as ^226Ra and ^210Pb. The distribution and environmental mobility of radionuclides in phosphogypsum are an important concern because this gypsum by-product is used for wallboard, in agriculture and as a soil amendment. This study determined the distribution of ^226Ra, ^210Pb, within phosphogypsum stacks of varying age and among three size fractions （coarse： 〈0.212 mm; medium： 0.212-0.053 mm; fine： 〈0.053 mm）, in phosphogypsum derived from Aqaba and Eshidiya fertilizer plants. The results indicated that ^226Ra and ^210Pb were generally uniformly distributed in phosphogypsum stacks and showed no significant difference in the concentration of these elements with the age of stack. In the Aqaba phosphogypsum ^226Ra was slightly 10% enriched in the coarse fraction, while ^210Pb was 10% enriched in the free size fraction. In the Eshidiya phosphogypsum ^226Ra and ^210Pb contents were both relatively enriched （10%） in the fine size fraction.     

泥晶灰岩地层孔壁坍塌掉块现象及处理

在灰岩地区钻探施工过程中，常见孔壁坍塌、掉块现象，尤其在含泥晶灰岩地层分布区钻进过程中，这种现象尤为突出，轻则影响钻探施工效率，重则造成钻探孔内事故。针对孔内坍塌、掉块现象的征兆及特点，提出了相对应的处理办法。     

射水法结合高压喷射技术在堤基防渗处理中的应用

通过工程实例介绍了在特殊条件下射水法和高压喷射两种工艺相结合进行堤基防渗处理的施工工艺及实施的效果。     

Application of membrane technology for water treatment： Ultrasound-associated cleaning of fouled microfiltration membranes

The use of membranes is a widely employed, versatile, and effective separation process. One of the limiting aspects in applying microfiltration （MF） for wastewater treatment is that of problems with membrane fouling and consequent flux reduction. Membrane fouling occurs by the irreversible deposition of retained particles, colloids, macromolecules, salts, etc. at the membrane surface and/or inside the membrane. The predominant fouling mechanisms observed with MF membranes are classified as three categories： the build-up of a cake layer on the membrane surface, blocking of membrane pores, and adsorption of fouling material on the membrane surface or in the pore walls. Although many techniques have been developed to overcome fouling, studies on membrane cleaning still seem to be insufficient for practical membrane filtration systems. Current membrane cleaning technologies include hydraulic, chemical, and mechanical methods. Ultrasound （US） has been widely used as a method of cleaning materials because of the cavitation phenomenon. In this study, US cleaning technique was applied to removing the fouling of polyvinglidenefluoride （PVDF） MF membrane, which was used to treat yeast cell and isolated soybean protein （ISP） solution, respectively. The US employed 40 kHz frequency and the output power of 1.43-2.85 W/cm^2. The evolution of the cleaning effect is followed by the measurements of the flux recovery rate （FRstat） and the cleaning time cycle. Results showed that the membrane property, which was fouled by yeast cell solution, could be recovered by water cleaning with US irradiation. And the cleaning time with the same FRstat decreased with the increase of US intensity.     

新型导线在水电工程测量中的应用

结合山岭重丘地区的一水电工程,根据其特殊的地形条件,采用新型的导线布网形式,避免树木的大量砍伐,确保通视良好;再利用全站仪观测,按导线的严密坐标平差方法,运用MATLAB6.1软件对测量数据进行处理,计算出各控制点的坐标,得到满意的结果.     

SPOT5影像严格几何纠正方法研究

根据SPOT卫星的成像原理和特点,讨论了对SPOT5卫星影像按共线方程法进行有控制点的几何纠正的方法,经对关中、陕北和陕南三种地形的影像纠正结果进行对比检验,证明了该方法精度达到了较高水平。     

航天INSAR复影像对的自动快速匹配

针对航天INSAR主、辅影像数据的特点,提出了加大匹配窗口、加大锚点间隔的匹配策略,以提高匹配的可靠性和速度.在匹配过程中,综合利用轨道参数和强度影像金字塔进行粗匹配,并对强度影像采用相关系数与最小二乘相结合的双向匹配方案,实现了自动、快速、高可靠性和高精度的航天INSAR复影像匹配.最后总结了航天INSAR复影像匹配的特点.