没有比脚更远的路——记江苏省江阴市祝塘镇党委书记何建华

在风景秀丽的江南水乡,座落着一座历史文化久远的古镇：这里曾经是明代大文学家施耐庵著书育人的地方;这里曾经创过江苏省出口创汇八连冠的辉煌,被中央领导誉为“江南外贸第一镇”;这里也是“中国针织服装名镇”,全镇拥有大小服装企业350多家,年销售收入突破60亿,它有一个美丽动听的名字——祝塘。     

我国勘查地球物理的若干进展─1994年

1994年,我国固体矿产地球物理工作仍不景气,水文、工程、环境地球物理市场平稳,油气地球物理工作持续增长.陆上三维地震年工作量首次超过一万平方公里.高山、大沙漠地区三维地震采集创造成功经验,地震数据全三维处理、解释技术和软件系统的研究和应用取得显着进展.航空地球物理工作量略有回升.总体上1994年我国各类勘查地球物理方法在“硬件”(仪器设备)方面的新进展相对较少,而在“软件”(方法技术特别是数据处理、解释技术)的研究、应用方面则取得较多重要进展.     

唐山7.8级地震前后的断裂运动

本文根据短基线、短水准等测量资料,把唐山地震前后京、津、唐附近活动断裂的运动划分为震前加速、震时滑动和震后调整三个阶段,分析了各阶段的速率变化、活动性质和时空分布等特征,据此讨论了主要由地震蕴育、发生引起的活动断裂位移异常区的构造背景。最后,讨论了它们在地震预报和烈度区划工作中的意义     

新地球观

One of the most important achivements on science in 20th century is the new recognition on the Earth:the Earth,out of the other planets, exhibits very peculiar features because it has an extremely complex and active periphery part (surfacial layers). This periphery part is an open system sustained by inputting solar energe , which is captured , transfered and stored by life. Through the system , cyclings of matters and energe flow are driven and regulated by life activities. This system is self-equilibrated,self-controlled and far away from astrophysical and thermodynamic equilibria mainly because of life and life activities.
Development of human calture influences increasingly on流Earth's periphery system , at last , the natural biosphere that has existed for 3 billion years on the Earth's surface will inavoidably be replaced by so called "noosphere",which is man一reconstructed,man-controlled and unstable system. Thus the fate of the Earth,to a great extent,will be determined by the direction of human calture evolution.
     

2006年中国农学会学术年会暨循环农业与新农村建设高层论坛在北京召开

2006年中国农学会学术年会暨循环农业与新农村建设高层论坛于2006年4月21-24日在北京召开，与会代表有农业部危朝安副部长、九三学社中央贺铿副主席、中国科协程东红书记等260人。这次会议围绕中央今年提出的建设社会主义新农村这个主题，大家认为“三农”问题的核心是农业资源节约和高效利用。建设社会主义新农村关键在“建设”。     

近45 a来中国西北年极端高、低温的变化及对区域性增暖的响应

利用中国西北五省(区)1960-2004年129个台站逐日最低、最高温度资料,从中统计出年极端高温发生频次、年极端低温发生频次、年极端高温强度、年极端低温强度以及年极端高温和低温开始和结束日期,分析了它们近45 a来的变化情况。结果表明:近45 a来中国西北年极端高温发生频次的增加趋势是明显的,而年极端低温发生频次的减少趋势更显著;中国西北近45 a来年极端高温的强度在不断增强,而极端低温的强度在不断减弱;近45 a来中国西北年极端高温开始日期逐渐提前,结束日期逐渐推迟,而年极端低温的开始日期在逐渐推迟,结束日期在逐渐提前;年极端低温发生频次的减少对于西北区域增暖的响应比年极端高温发生频次增加更显著,而年极端低温强度的减弱要比年极端高温强度的增强对西北区域性增暖的响应偏弱,年极端高温发生频次的增加同年极端高温强度的增强对西北区域性增暖的响应程度基本相当。     

青海东昆仑肯德可克钴铋金矿床成矿年龄及意义

肯德可克钴铋金矿床为多矿种叠生型矿床，与辉长岩脉密切相关的矽卡岩化热液成矿期为该矿床的主要成矿期。采用高精度⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar中子活化定年法测试辉长岩脉中的斜长石，得到阶段升温坪年龄（207.8±1.9）Ma，等时线年龄（211.13±4.46）Ma。这些年龄基本代表了肯德可克钴铋金矿床主成矿期年龄。     

Measurement of the total nitrogen in lake sediments： Comparison and its environmental significance

Nitrogen cycle is an important bio-geochemical process in the environment. Measurement of the total nitrogen （TN） is a routine experiment in agriculture, biology and environmental sciences. The Kjeldahl method （KM） and elemental analyzer method （EA） are both commonly used to determine TN. Total nitrogen by EA is the sum of nitrate （NO3）, nitrite （NO2）, organic nitrogen and ammonia. Total nitrogen by KM （TKN） is made up of both organic nitrogen and ammonia. A comparative study focused on the two methods is conducted by analysis of TN in 97 samples from the sediment sequence of Gouchi, a salt lake in North China. KM presents a higher degree of accuracy than EA with a standard deviation of 0.007 vs. 0.024. With the presence of nitrate and/or nitrite nitrogen, however, measurement by KM is considerably lower than that by EA. Therefore, for samples from lake sediment sequences or soils in North China, KM is inapplicable to determining TN because of usually high contents of nitrous salt. Despite the inconsistency, use of both methods to the same samples makes sense in reconstructions of climatic and environmental changes from lake sediments. In Lake Gouchi, the contents of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen vary from 1.40% in the lower part of the sequence to 14.77% in the uppermost part, suggesting a gradual evolution process from a fresh water lake to the present-day salt lake.     

Speciation of adsorbed arsenate on the surface of hydrous iron oxide

Adsorption of arsenate on hydrous iron oxide is an important process controlling geochemical cycling of arsenic in environment as well as the fate of arsenic-bearing mining wastes. The widely accepted view on the mechanism of adsorption is that arsenate is adsorbed via bidentate binuclear inner-sphere complexation. In this study, we characterized the arsenate-hydrous iron oxide sorption solids synthesized at pH=3-8 using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It has been determined that poorly crystalline ferric arsenate developed on the surface of iron oxide when arsenate was sorbed at acidic pH, while at alkaline pH the adsorption of arsenate was via bidentate complexation.