2007年夏季(6-8月)内蒙古地区气候影响评价

1气候概况1.1气温夏季全区平均气温在16.4℃(图里河)~27.0℃(拐子湖)之间,与常年同期平均值相比,全区大部地区偏高到异常偏高,距平在1~4℃之间,其中呼伦贝尔市西部、锡林郭勒盟东北部距平最大为3~4℃。1.2降水夏季全区降水量在20mm(额济纳)~383mm(青龙山)之间,降水主要集中在鄂     

多变量线性回归的平均值概念及其在地学研究中的应用

文章以实例阐述了多变量一元线性回归计算中的“平均值概念”. 作者根据“平均值概念”, 利用珊瑚δ¹⁸O比值重建了最近90年西沙表层海水盐度的变化历史,并运用洛川黄土¹⁰Be记录示踪了最近80 ka全球性的古地磁漂移事件, 从而阐明了“平均值概念”在地学数据分析中的重要意义及应用前景.     

分区性水文要素面平均值的计算机解算法

本文针对分区性水文要素如降水量、地下水埋深等计算面平均值的问题,提出了一种计算机解法。该方法用矩形网格划分研究区域,利用标志数据文件识别各个分区,应用三角网法、趋势面法等方法求算矩形网格节点值,最终得到各个分区的水文要素的面平均值。经实际验证,效果令人满意。在几种拟合方法中,三角网法具有物理意义明确、使用简便、精度高的特点,为首选之方法。     

民国三十年一月至三月全国天气概况

一月一月为苦寒之月,但在本年中国各地大抵较往昔温暖,绥西气候反常,黄河解冻,冰凌下流,其未解冻之处,冰面淹水二三尺深,阻断交通,华中与华南亦显有温度之增进,惟东北一带气候转寒。月之二十四日及三十日吉林附近清晨之气温皆达摄氏冰点下三十度,寒冷之甚可以想见。欧洲方面月初亦觉奇寒斯堪的纳维亚半岛为北冰洋寒流所袭,波罗的海海上有大风雨,法境大雪,维琪气温降至冰点下二十度,称这一八八○年来未有之奇寒。天气之演变大有东西相映之局。     

Study on the extremely cold winter of 1670 over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

The snow-cover days over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River （MLRYR） in the winter of 1670 were extracted from Chinese historical documents. By these records, the winter temperature anomalies （compared to the mean of 1961-1990） recorded at seven meteorological stations and the regional mean winter temperature were estimated. The results show that： （1） There was an average of about 30 snow-cover days over the MLRYR region in 1670, ranging from 11-20 days in Shanghai and eastern Zhejiang to 5140 days in eastern Hunan Province. The snow-cover days averaged about 40 days in Anqing and Nan- cheng, and ranged from 30 to 40 days in Quzhou, Jingdezhen, and Nanchang; and （2） the regional mean winter temperature in 1670 was estimated to be approximately 4.0 ℃ lower than that of 1961-1990. The maximum negative anomaly of 5.6℃ occurred in Nanchang and the minimum anomaly of-2.8 ℃ was detected in Quzhou. Both of these were lower than that of the coldest winter during the instrumental observation period of 1951-2010. This research could not only provide a method to es- timate historical climate extremes, but also provide a background to understand the recent instrumentally climate extremes.     

黄海冷水团海域微型异养鞭毛虫与细菌的弱耦合关系

A study was carried out to investigate the grazing pressure of heterotrophic nanoflagellates(HNF) on bacteria assemblages in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM) area in October, 2006. The results show that the HNF abundance ranges from 303 to 1 388 mL-1, with a mean of 884 mL-1. The HNF biomass is equivalent to 10.6%–115.6% of that of the bacteria. The maximum abundance of the HNF generally occurred in the upper 30 m water layer, with a vertical distribution pattern of surface layer abundance greater than middle layer abundance, then bottom layer abundance. The hydrological data show that the YSCWM is located in the northeastern part of the study area, typically 40 m beneath the surface. A weak correlation is found between the abundances of HNF and bacteria in both the YSCWM and its above water layer. One-way ANOVA analysis reveals that the abundance of HNF and bacteria differs between inside the YSCWM and in the above water mass. The ingestion rates of the HNF on bacteria was 8.02±3.43 h-1 in average. The grazing rate only represented 22.75%±6.91% of bacterial biomass or 6.55%+4.24% of bacterial production, implying that the HNF grazing was not the major factor contributing to the bacterial loss in the YSCWM areas.     

黑龙江省1981-2010年气候平均值的变化及对气候评价的影响

利用黑龙江省气候评价业务使用的71个气象台站的气温、降水和日照时数资料,对1981-2010年气候平均值和1971-2000年气候平均值进行比较。结果表明:黑龙江省大部地区年平均气温升高,冬季偏暖突出;年降水量大部地区增多,春季、夏季、冬季降水量增多,秋季减少,7月降水量增幅最大;年日照时数大部地区减少。     

锡林浩特探空站L波段雷达—电子探空仪换型前后相对湿度对比分析

文章对内蒙古锡林浩特探空站的L波段雷达—电子探空仪在换型前后相对湿度的进行了统计分析。结果表明:该站在换型后比换型前相对湿度偏小,同时存在相对湿度值小于2.5%偏多的现象,该结果是对文献研究结论进行检验。     

油气勘探开发数据体平均值代表性分析

油气勘探开发涉及各类数据体,同一数据体可得多种平均值,目前尚无明确而有效的方法以判断何种平均值能客观反映数据体的典型水平。运用数据统计平均分析方法,对勘探开发实践中的孔隙度、渗透率、产量、成本等数据体进行系统分析,确立了加权中位数计算公式和平衡中位数法则。加权中位数计算公式适于分析不同领域正常有序数据体的基本特征,加权中位数为正常有序数据体的平衡点;平衡中位数法则适于确定有足够大数据容量、能满足统计分析基本要求、能选择合理权衡指标的正常有序数据体的典型水平;有明确物理意义的加权平均值也可确定数据体的典型水平。