科技

岩溶山地土壤植被研究引入地学理论，我国科学家将首次对库姆塔格沙漠进行综合考察，我国发现世界上最大的似鸟恐龙化石，“北极河马”化石显示酷寒之地曾“温暖如春”，化石为证：恐龙也会游泳，美矿井中发现远古化石森林，     

GPS技术在杭嘉湖平原地面沉降监测中的应用研究

一、引言浙江省杭嘉湖平原位于长江三角洲南翼,西起莫干山东麓,北部、东北部分别与江苏、上海接壤,南濒钱塘江河口和杭州湾,总面积约6490km~2。该区水网密布,地势低平,仅在嘉兴、海宁、澉浦、乍浦等地及西部山前地带有零星残丘分布,海拔在100 m左右；平原区地面高程在2～4m,环太湖周围,地势低洼,高程仅1～2m,长期以来内涝严重。     

面向城市平原地区暴雨积涝汇水区分级划分的方法研究

汇水区划分是分布式水文模型计算的基础。针对现有方法使用DEM在平原城市地区划分的汇水区不符合实际地形情况,本文提出了一种面向城市平原地区分级划分汇水区的技术方法。该方法从城市用地分类角度出发将城市分为中心城区和郊区,依据城市排水主干水系进行汇水区一级划分,将影响中心城区和郊区的不同径流因子分别融入DEM中,利用细化的DEM进行二级汇水区划分;在此基础上,根据实际汇流情况,结合Voronoi图,对中心城区进行三级划分,最后通过GIS技术进行修正。该方法既结合了传统DEM生成子流域的算法,又融入了城市区域地物地貌特点,能更好地满足城市地区的需要。选择上海市嘉定区西北部地区为实验样区,利用该方法进行汇水区划分比较表明,其对于城市平原地区具有很好的适用性。     

天绘一号卫星影像的平原绿化提取方法

平原绿化是我国平原地区森林植被的主体,为生态环境建设提供了有力保障。但平原绿化分布零散,斑块面积小,不易被准确提取。本文以河南省封丘县为例,利用天绘一号卫星影像面向对象分类技术提取了平原绿化。在面向对象分类过程中,针对不同平原绿化信息选取不同的分割尺度和参数,建立影像对象的分割层次结构,确保农田林网、通道防护林、四旁防护林等平原绿化信息能够被准确分割。分类时通过构建隶属度函数,利用层与层之间的关系,子类继承父类的分类特征,在此基础上增加自己的特征,建立分类规则集,逐层提取绿化信息。本文共获取封丘县平原绿化面积152.51 km²,其中,农田林网36.09 km²,通道防护林21.29 km²,四旁防护林71.56 km²,片林23.57 km²。利用验证点数据,对分类结果进行精度评价,总体分类精度为93.50%,Kappa系数达到0.92。     

杭嘉湖地区地下热水的地质分析

杭嘉湖地区地处长江三角洲南端,长江三角洲地区历来是我国经济发展的中心地带,是全国发展速度最快、投资环境最佳、经济内在素质最好、创新能力最强的地区之一.在这片仅占全国1%面积的土地上,创造的GDP总量占到了全国的21%.如果在杭嘉湖平原深部勘查出地热资源,必将对杭嘉湖地区的经济发展和旅游事业产生积极的影响.     

INSTABILITY OF SYMMETRIC TYPHOON CIRCULATION AND ADAPTIVE OBSERVATION

This study presents a new way to identify the sensitive areas for typhoon adaptive observations, that is, sensitive areas are determined by invoking the negative anomalies of moist potential vorticity (MPV). It is found that the areas of negative MPV are the symmetric instability areas and can be taken as sensitive areas for typhoon adaptive observations. Three typhoons in 2008, Nuri, Fung-wong, and Fengshen, were simulated with the help of MM5 model. It is shown that these typhoons are well simulated in the first 12 hours. Based on these investigations, the calculations of MPV are carried out sequentially. The result shows that the negative maxima of MPV are always around the typhoon eyes for all the cases, which means that the sensitive areas are also near them all the time.     

辽宁中尺度数值模式产品和T213产品对比检验分析

利用国家级的气象预报产品质量客观检验评价系统,对辽宁中尺度模式预报MM5和T213数值预报的结果分别进行检验分析.检验类型分为历史资料检验和实时资料检验,检验要素包括地面降水、气温和高空500 hPa环流.检验结果显示,对于降水、气温的预报MM5模式预报检验结果优于T213数值预报,而对于500 hPa环流的检验结果T213更可信.     

Adaptation management of mountain tourism service: the case of the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow River

Mountain areas are often rich in ecological diversity and recreational opportunities. Mountain tourism is thought to be an effective and important means for maintaining and expanding rural economies and, thus, improving the living conditions of rural societies. As mountain tourism service research is a professional field with several disciplines involved, a multi-disciplinary management pIatform is needed and it facilitates participation in sustainable mountain development by diverse stakeholders. With the source regions of the Yangtze and the Yellow River as a case study, this paper presents a conceptual framework for an adaptation management of mountain tourism services according to technical, policy, social and economic dimensions. The framework is based on a vulnerability assessment of mountain ecosystems, and can serve as a reference for the development of tourism service in other mountain areas.     

桂林峰林平原地下的洞穴特征

桂林特定的气候、地理、地质环境，使碳酸盐岩地层中发育的洞穴形态多、数量大，洞穴系统复杂。本文依据该市面积１７３ｋｍ范围中的４８８个钻孔资料，对峰林平原地下洞穴发育的密度、形态、规模、深度、充填物等特征进行了初步分析研究。     

禄新孤峰平原岩溶地质特征

禄新岩溶孤岭平原位于广西山字型构造盾地的东南缘。出露地层主要为上泥盆统及石炭系碳酸盐岩。断裂、裂隙发育。岩溶作用可划分为燕山晚期古岩溶和喜马拉雅期近代岩溶两个阶段。弧峰平原形成于喜马拉雅期，与新构造运动和以侧蚀为主的流水岩溶作用密切相关。