Physical model experiments for sediment supply to the old Rhine through induced bank erosion

A mobile-bed, undistorted physical model （1：40） has been used to investigate different sediment supply strategies to the Old Rhine through bank protection removal and modifications of groyne dimensions and configuration, which cause bank erosion. This trained channel was previously the main bed of the upper Rhine downstream of Basel （Switzerland）, but it has an artificially low flow regime since the construction of the Grand Canal d＇Alsace, a navigation canal, and a flow control dam at Kembs （France）. Training works and subsequent channel incision have also greatly reduced sediment transport rates and created a heavily armoured bed. The modelled pilot site has a groyne field on the left bank. Results show that the currently existing groynes at the site are not effective in creating high bank-side velocities conducive to bank erosion, even for flow rates significantly higher than the mean annual flow rate. The river bank has also proved to be more resistant than previously thought, allowing long stretches of bank protection to be safely removed. The physical model testing process has produced a new configuration for the groyne field, where two higher, larger island groynes are placed further apart than the three existing attached groynes. This innovative approach has proved effective, causing bank erosion for flow rates below the mean annual flow rate, with consistent erosion being observed. It has also been found that such a configuration does not pose a hazard for the Grand Canal d＇Alsace, which is situated next to the Old Rhine, through excessive bank erosion during high flow events.     

大姚模拟水温与“十五”数字化水温动态对比分析

通过对“十五”数字化水温分钟值与模拟水温整点值自2008年以来针对省内及周边地区发生的5．0级以上地震前后的水温动态特征进行对比分析,结果表明：“十五”数字化水温分钟值动态在省内及周边地区发生地震前出现短临、临震异常,比模拟水温整点值明显,“十五”数字化水温异常的特点是：在震前出现周期形态消失或周期突跳畸变,震后周期形态恢复较快。“十五”数字化观测采样率高,震前短临、临震异常特征明显,对临震预报预测具有较高的实用价值。     

Using experimental data to reduce the single-building sigma of fragility curves: case study of the BRD tower in Bucharest, Romania

The lack of knowledge concerning modelling existing buildings leads to significant variability in fragility curves for single or grouped existing buildings. This study aims to investigate the uncertainties of fragility curves, with special consideration of the single-building sigma. Experimental data and simplified models are applied to the BRD tower in Bucharest, Romania, a RC building with permanent instrumentation. A three-step methodology is applied： （1） adjustment of a linear MDOF model for experimental modal analysis using a Timoshenko beam model and based on Anderson＇s criteria, （2） computation of the structure＇s response to a large set of accelerograms simulated by SIMQKE software, considering twelve ground motion parameters as intensity measurements （IM）, and （3） construction of the fragility curves by comparing numerical interstory drift with the threshold criteria provided by the Hazus methodology for the slight damage state. By introducing experimental data into the model, uncertainty is reduced to 0.02 considering Sd ） as seismic intensity IM and uncertainty related to the model is assessed at 0.03. These values must be compared with the total uncertainty value of around 0.7 provided by the Hazus methodology.     

页岩含气量测试仪器首次现场应用成功

国家地质实验测试中心页岩气现场实验工作组近日抵达柴页1井钻井现场,配合中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心页岩气资源调查,开展自主研发的页岩含气量测试仪器的首次现场应用工作。国家地质实验测试中心自主研制的新型页岩含气量测试仪器实现了测试过程的自动化,与目前量筒集气测量法仪器相比,大幅减少人工操作的同     

库伦旗土地利用变化的政策影响分析

土地利用类型面积变化是特定的经济与政策的影响下形成的,政策因素在土地利用变化中有着重要作用[1].本文以库伦旗为研究对象,通过查看统计年鉴数据,使用对比分析法,分析了从2000-2010年之间耕地面积与播种面积的变化趋势与计算林地面积与建设用地面积年均增加率,探索出了有推动作用的政策因素,主要对政策因素的合理性做了评价,体现了这些政策的有效率.同时提出了土地利用存在的不足点,对库伦旗生态环境恢复和建设规划工作提供了一些建议.     

地震台JCZ-1与JCZ-1T甚宽频带地震仪对比观测分析

采用成都基准地震台JCZ-1型和JCZ-1T甚宽频带数字地震仪同一时间段记录的地方震、近震和远震的地脉动噪声做功率谱分析.结果表明,JCZ-1和JCZ-1T型甚宽频带地震仪在主要频带内对地噪声的响应程度是一致的.在高频端和低频端JCZ-1T型地震计分辨率更高,且信噪比更高,高出10 ～ 20 dB.JCZ-1型地震计由于长期使用导致材料老化以及受环境温度或气流微量变化的影响,地震计的噪声较高,可能对地震波记录的幅值产生5％左右的影响.JCZ-1T型地震计在安装过程中所采取的保温、防气流扰动等各种防护措施是可靠的.     

我国标贯液化判别方法对黄土适用性研究

鉴于我国20世纪50年代以来,地震液化现场很少有黄土液化的实例,而饱和黄土甚至高含水率的黄土也具有很高的液化势和流态破坏势.为工程设计准确预测饱和黄土在设计地震动的作用下是否会液化,本文用Seed-Idriss简化判别法对兰州某民用机场的饱和黄土和砂土进行液化判别,并以此结果为依据检验规范判别式对黄土液化判别的适用性.结论证实用Seed-Idriss简化判别法结果检验规范方法对黄土的适用性是可行的,规范方法对于黄土液化判别过于保守.     

岫岩1号井数字化水位观测内在质量分析

对岫岩地震台1号井模拟、数字化水位观测精度变化进行了对比研究,结果表明数字化水位资料观测精度在我台有明显提高,仪器自身运行稳定。为了进一步提高水位观测内在质量,总结了影响数字化水位观测精度的几个因素,提出了数字化水位在日常观测中的注意事项。     

基于多模GNSS接收机的卫星系统完好性监测

为了满足多卫星系统完好性监测的需要,本文通过对比不同卫星系统定位结果的方法来监测各个卫星系统的可用性。利用上述方法对实测的三模(GPS、GLONASS和COMPASS)数据进行了处理,结果表明该方法具有可行性,可为多模GNSS接收机的自主完好性监测提供参考信息。     

测绘工程专业“四维渗透式”实践教学改革研究

测绘工程专业“四维渗透式”实践教学改革是在科学思维与科学方法指导下,以学生的自主性、探索性学习为基础,以学生科学思维和科学方法为导向,以测绘专业建设为出发点,以测绘专业实践教学改革为核心指导思想,打破传统的实践教学改革.以河南理工大学测绘学院测绘工程专业的实践教学为例,首先介绍传统测绘实践教学弊端,构建以创新能力为本位的“四维渗透式”人才培养模式的内容及特色.结果表明,它是一种新型的可促进学生积极主动参与实验的实践教学方法改革.