火山渣吸附地下水中大肠杆菌噬菌体特性研究

为了分析火山渣吸附去除地下水中大肠杆菌噬菌体作用特性,通过室内实验,考察火山渣吸附地下水中vB_EcoM-ep3大肠杆菌噬菌体效果,同时用等量沸石与石英砂做对照,进一步分析地下水中水化学因素(Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺、Mn²⁺、 {\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-}、 {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}、 {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}、 {\mathrm{NO}}_2^{-}、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、 {\mathrm{CO}}_3^{2-}、 {\mathrm{HCO}}_3^{-}和pH值)对其吸附效果影响;通过微观检测技术,分析大肠杆菌噬菌体生物学特性和火山渣吸附前后微观结构变化。研究结果表明:火山渣吸附效率优于沸石和石英砂,最大饱和吸附量达到2.245×10⁵ pfu/g;水化学因素对火山渣吸附效果影响存在差异性,其中Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺起到促进作用, {\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-}、三氮和碱度起到抑制作用,低浓度Mn²⁺( C_{\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{n}}^{2+}}<10 mg/L)和Ca²⁺( C_{\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{a}}^{2+}}<100 mg/L)起到轻微促进作用,超过该浓度则表现为抑制作用;pH值对火山渣吸附效果影响较大,pH值越大,吸附效果越差。vB_EcoM-ep3大肠杆菌噬菌体头部为等边六角形,全身直径约为(53±2) nm,尾部长约为(107±3) nm,由尾管和尾丝组成,可伸缩。具有蜂窝状结构的火山渣吸附大肠杆菌噬菌体后表面孔隙大部分被填充。     

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Tropical Cyclones at Different Intensity Scales over the Western North Pacific from 1945 to 2005

The tropical cyclone （TC） track data provided by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center （JTWC） of the U.S. Navy over the western North Pacific （including the South China Sea） from 1945 to 2005 are employed to analyze the temporal and spatial variations of TCs of different intensity scales. Most of the TCs occurred between 15° and 25°N, from the northern part of the South China Sea to the eastern part of the Bashi Channel until near 140°E. Most of the severe and super typhoons occurred over waters from the eastern part of the Bashi Channel to about 140°E. The TCs in a weakening or steady state take up a weak majority in the area west of 123°E and north of 20°N; those in an intensifying or steady state are mostly found in the area east of 123°E and south of 20°N. For severe tropical storms, typhoons, severe typhoons, and super typhoons, their average decaying rates are all greater than the respective average growing rates; for tropical storms, however, the average decaying rate is smaller than the average growing rate. Generally speaking, the stronger the TC, the faster the intensification （weakening） is. The percentage of weak TCs is higher in June to August while that of strong TCs is higher in September to November. There are annual, interannual, and interdecadal variations in the observed number （every 6 h） and frequency of TCs at different intensity scales. As far as the long-term trend is concerned, the frequency and observed number of tropical storms have a significant linear increase, but the averaged intensity and number of TCs of other intensity categories do not exhibit such a significant linear trend. In E1 Nifio years, the number and percentage of super typhoons are significantly higher, while the total number of tropical storms, severe tropical storms, typhoons, and severe typhoons is significantly lower, and the mean intensity of TCs is prominently stronger; in La Nifia years, however, the opposite comes true.     

海水浴场环境自动监测系统研究

简要介绍了海水浴场环境自动监测系统的设计思想和技术方案，并对重要健康指标粪大肠杆菌的快速监测方法提出了建设性意见。     

Lyase Activities of Heterologous CpcS and CpcT for Phycocyanin Holo-β-subunit from Arthrospira platensis in Escherichia coli

Arthrospira platensis is an economically important cyanobacterium; and it has been used widely in food and pharmaceutical industries. The phycocyanin(PC) from A. platensis is extremely valuable in medicine and molecular biology due to its antioxidation and anti-tumoring activity and applicability as fluorescence protein tag. In present study, two recombinant plasmids, one contained the phycocyanobilin(PCB)-producing genes(hox1 and pcyA) while the other contained the phycobiliprotein gene(cpcB) and the lyase gene(either cpcS/U or cpcT), were constructed and synchronically transferred into E. coli in order to test the the activities of relevant lyases for catalysing PCB addition to CpcB during synthesizing fluorescent PC holo-β-subunit(β-PC) of A. platensis. As was evidenced by the fluorescence emitted at a peak specific for PC, CpcB was successfully synthesized in E. coli, to which co-expressed PCBs attached though at a relatively low efficiency. The results showed that the attachment of PCBs to CpcB were carried out mainly by co-expressed CpcS/U but CpcB also showed some autocatalytic activity. Currently, no CpcT activity was detected in this E. coli expression system. Further studies will be conducted to improve the efficiency of fluorescent PC synthesis in E. coli.