南昌市降水概率预报方法研究(一)

主要介绍了降水概率预报的事件概率回归方法,1997年试用表明这种方法有一定的参考价值。     

驻马店地区夏季短时灾害性天气预警业务系统

利用１９８４～１９９５年驻马店站天气图资料,对夏季影响驻马店地区的灾害性天气系统按高空环流特征分型,确定了入型标准,并结合传真图,卫星云图及雷达探测资料,建立了驻马店地区夏季短灾害性天气预警业务系统。系统利用天气动力学和统计学原理,采用多级判定,多级诊断,排除不可能事件,提出可能性事件,传输２４ｈ天气形势预警,依据雷达回波和卫星云图,预报短时灾害性天气的范围,种类,强度,由计算机网络传输预报结论。     

利用雨滴谱资料估算郑州地区雨强

应用染色泸纸法,采集不同降水类型雨滴谱资料,经统计,得出３种不同雨型下的Ｚ－Ｉ关系式,经检验,３种Ｚ－Ｉ关系式估算的郑州地区的雨强与实测雨量接近。     

开封市区域性切变线暴雨预报方法

利用１９６５￣１９８９年５￣１０月开封市所辖５站的降水资料,对影响并产生开封区域性暴雨的１１次切变线天气过程进行了分型及能量分析,找出了预报指标,并进行了验证。     

日本JFSFE02与JFSFE03模式降水预报效果检验

利用１９９０￣１９９６年共７年的日本２４ｈ降水数值预报产品,对德州市２４ｈ降水预报效果进行了检验分析。结果表明,晴雨预报效果较好,且冬半年晴雨预报水平高于夏半年。     

基于模糊Hopfield神经网络的大气降水粒子分类

提出基于模糊Hopfield神经网络的大气降水粒子分类,它是通过计算样本间的模糊关系的相似程度,再加上Hopfield网络所特有的高稳定性,对大气降水粒子进行分类.通过对各降水粒子所对应雷达回波数据的分析,验证了方法的可行性.     

Impacts of Climatic Factors on Runoff Coefficients in Source Regions of the Huanghe River

Runoff coefficients of the source regions of the Huanghe River in 1956–2000 were analyzed in this paper. In the 1990s runoff of Tangnaihai Hydrologic Station of the Huanghe River experienced a serious decrease, which had at- tracted considerable attention. Climate changes have important impact on the water resources availability. From the view of water cycling, runoff coefficients are important indexes of water resources in a particular catchment. Kalinin baseflow separation technique was improved based on the characteristics of precipitation and streamflow. After the separation of runoff coefficient (R/P), baseflow coefficient (Br/P) and direct runoff coefficient (Dr/P) were estimated. Statistic analyses were applied to assessing the impact of precipitation and temperature on runoff coefficients (including Dr/P, Br/P and R/P). The results show that in the source regions of the Huanghe River, mean annual baseflow coefficient was higher than mean annual direct runoff coefficient. Annual runoff coefficients were in direct proportion to annual pre- cipitation and in inverse proportion to annual mean temperature. The decrease of runoff coefficients in the 1990s was closely related to the decrease in precipitation and increase in temperature in the same period. Over different sub-basins of the source regions of the Huanghe River, runoff coefficients responded differently to precipitation and temperature. In the area above Jimai Hydrologic Station where annual mean temperature is –3.9oC, temperature is the main factor in- fluencing the runoff coefficients. Runoff coefficients were in inverse relation to temperature, and precipitation had nearly no impact on runoff coefficients. In subbasin between Jimai and Maqu Hydrologic Station Dr/P was mainly affected by precipitation while R/P and Br/P were both significantly influenced by precipitation and temperature. In the area be-tween Maqu and Tangnaihai hydrologic stations all the three runoff coefficients increased with the rising of annual precipitation, while direct runoff coefficient was inversely proportional to temperature. In the source regions of the Huanghe River with the increase of average annual temperature, the impacts of temperature on runoff coefficients be-come insignificant.