基于单视影像的地下通道3维重构方法

地下通道(包括隧道、巷道等)是一类重要的构筑物,重构其3维几何模型对于构建数字化操作平台有着重要的意义.在给定一个初始3维几何模型的条件下,利用地下通道影像上的线特征,通过人工交互方式获取相机的外方位元素及确定通道最终3维几何模型的参数,然后利用单视几何原理,通过反投影像点坐标即可计算得到详细准确的地下通道3维模型.实验表明该方法简捷有效,可以在实践中加以推广.     

RESEARCH ON AUTOMATIC FOG IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY BY METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING

There is an urgent need for the development of a method that can undertake rapid, effective, and accurate monitoring and identification of fog by satellite remote sensing, since heavy fog can cause enormous disasters to China’s national economy and people's lives and property in the urban and coastal areas. In this paper, the correlative relationship between the reflectivity of land surface and clouds in different time phases is found, based on the analysis of the radiative and satellite-based spectral characteristics of fog. Through calculation and analyses of the relative variability of the reflectivity in the images, the threshold to identify quasi-fog areas is generated automatically. Furthermore, using the technique of quick image run-length encoding, and in combination with such practical methods as analyzing texture and shape fractures, smoothness, and template characteristics, the automatic identification of fog and fog-cloud separation using meteorological satellite remote sensing images are studied, with good results in application.     

小视场CCD图像的几何定标

针对长焦距望远镜CCD观测天然卫星的情况，导出了用两颗亮星作为定标时，CCD视场几何参数(比例尺和指向)测量的误差公式，进而设计了多定标星定标时正确的归算方案。新方案不仅对天然卫星的位置测量，也对同类型的小视场CCD位置测量具有指导意义。     

两种大偏心率卫星的捕获方法

由于光学初轨计算的精度较低,特别是卫星周期的计算精度不能满足空间目标的捕获的要求,本文针对这一情况,提出了两种大偏心率卫星的捕获方法,并讨论了可能出现的问题,特别是较详细讨论了巡天观测法中常出现的整圈不确定的问题,给出了解决的方法,并给出于空间目标捕获的实例。     

张家口GNSS基准站数据干扰因素分析及其前兆异常特征初探

从仪器运行环境、通信连通率、数据有效性、多路径效应等多个角度分析了张家口GNSS基准站存在的问题。与2015年、2016年相比,目前张家口基准站通信连通率主要受省局及国家地震局服务器中断影响,较以往市电中断即影响数据通信连通率有很大改善,数据有效性主要受基站周边大山遮挡影响,导致地平面附近卫星信号无法接收。在2018-02-12廊坊永清县M4.3级地震前,2016年张家口-隆尧、张家口-鹿泉基线发生转折,区域速度场、应力场、面膨胀率显示,该区域震前存在异常。目前GNSS异常在华北地区研究尚处于初步阶段,还需与其他监测手段相互验证才能更好服务于地震分析预报。     

Status of the Recent Declining of Arctic Sea Ice Studies

In the past 30 years, a large-scale change occurred in the Arctic climatic system, which had never been observed before 1980s. At the same time, the Arctic sea ice experienced a special evolution with more and more rapidly dramatic declining. In this circumstance, the Arctic sea ice became a new focus of the Arctic research. The recent advancements about abrupt change of the Arctic sea ice are reviewed in this paper .The previous analyses have demonstrated the accelerated declining trend of Arctic sea ice extent in the past 30 years, based on in-situ and satellite-based observations of atmosphere, as well as the results of global and regional climate simulations. Especially in summer, the rate of decrease for the ice extents was above 10% per decade. In present paper, the evolution characteristics of the arctic sea ice and its possible cause are discussed in three aspects, i.e. the sea ice physical properties, the interaction process of sea ice, ocean and atmosphere and its response and feedback mechanism to global and arctic climate system.     

基于实测波浪的单桩式海上风电基础波浪力计算研究

基于实测波面的波浪力获取作为结构动力响应分析以及数字孪生模型建立的必备环节,对海上风电数字化运维至关重要。为了满足更大的装机容量需求,单桩式海上风电基础趋于大型化,其尺度因子D/L也随之增大;并且实际海域均为非规则波,以尺度因子划分波浪力计算理论的方法对非规则波的适用性尚不明确。通过建立数值水槽,依据实际工况对不规则波与桩基的作用进行数值模拟,得到入射波浪场与桩基所受波浪力,在此基础上,基于入射波浪场分别采用Morison方程以及绕射理论求解波浪力并将之与数值模拟结果进行对比,分析了不同波浪力计算理论关于尺度因子的适用性,同时探究了波浪要素对计算精度的影响。结果表明：Morison方程在波高较大时精度下降;相对于Morison方程,绕射理论在该尺度下的精度更高。最后,通过分析实测数据进一步探讨了典型工况下的波浪力特征,以期通过实测波面计算波浪力的方法为实际服役风机波浪力计算提供技术支持。     

长江入海泥沙锐减下河口最大无人沙岛的持续淤涨

长江三角洲的演变不仅受海平面快速上升和长江入海泥沙锐减等因素的影响,还关系我国经济发展龙头"上海市"和重大国家战略"长江经济带"的可持续发展,研究意义重大.本文基于1974～2020年间的497幅卫星图像,综合利用瞬时水边线位置和高、低潮出露面积等指标详查长江河口最大无人沙岛——九段沙岛近50年来在高度、位置和面积等方...