http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000058

<正>The thermo-electric coefficients of twenty-six magnetite samples,formed either by magmatism or metamorphism,were tested by the thermo-electric instrument BHET—06.Results showed that the coefficient is of a constant value of about -0.05 mV/℃.It is emphasized that because every magnetite grain was tested randomly,the coefficient is independent of the crystallographic direction.This fact means the thermal voltage generated from a single magnetite crystal can be accumulated,and as a result a new thermo-electric field can arise when a gradient thermal field exists and is active within the earth's crust.Because magnetite is widespread in the earth's crust(generally appearing more in the middle-lower crust),there is more-than-random probability that the additional thermo-electric field can be generated when certain thermal conditions are fulfilled.We,therefore,used the thermo-electric effect of magnetite to study the mechanism responsible for the presence of abnormal geo-electric fields during earthquake formation and occurrence, because gradient thermal fields always exist before earthquakes.The possible presence of additional thermo-electric fields was calculated under theoretical seismological conditions,using the following calcu-lation formula:E= - 0.159(σ×△T×φ×ρ_2×[(h~2-2x~2)cosα+ 3hxsinα]/ρ_1(h~2 +x~2)~(5/2)).In the above formula,σis thermo-electric coefficient of magnetite,△T is the temperature difference acting on it,φis a sectional area on a block of magnetite vertically perpendicular to the direction of the thermal current.ρ_1 andρ_2 are the respective resistivities of magnetite and the crust,and h,α,and x,respectively,h is the depth of embedded magnetite block,αmeans the angle created by the horizontal line and ligature of the two poles of magnetite block,and x is the distance from observation point to projective center point of the magnetite block on earth surface.According to simulations calculated with this formula,additional thermo-electric field intensity may reach as high as n to n×10~2 mV/km.This field is strong enough to cause obvious anomalies in the background geo-electric field,and can be easy probed by earthquake monitoring equipment. Therefore,we hypothesize that geo-electric abnormalities which occur during earthquakes may be caused by the thermo-electric effect of magnetite.     

王树槐从郁论治糖尿病汗出异常经验

介绍王树槐教授从郁论治糖尿病汗出异常的经验。王老认为,肝郁和食郁是糖尿病的主要致病因素,而又在郁的基础上发展为气血阴阳失和、营卫失调、腠理开合失司的汗证病机。其确立了疏肝解郁、肝脾同调,解郁和营、通行营卫,滋阴清热、散敛并举的治疗大法,临证将糖尿病汗出异常分为肝旺脾虚、中焦郁结证,营郁卫滞、阴阳失调证,阴虚火旺、虚实兼杂证,分别予逍遥散、柴胡桂枝汤、当归六黄汤为主方加减治之,善以辛味药和活血通络药物入方。并附验案1则,以资佐证。     

结合不确定度与密度聚类算法的多波束异常值自动滤波算法

本文在复现CUBE滤波算法的基础上,借鉴其网格节点可吸收水深点选取模型,提出了一种结合不确定度与密度聚类算法的多波束异常值自动滤波算法。本文使用DBSCAN密度聚类算法对水深值加以聚类,使用卡尔曼滤波推估节点水深值,选取具有最小不确定的水深假设作为节点水深值,实现对多波束测深数据异常值的有效清理。实测数据和仿真试验结果表明：CUBE滤波算法不能将连续异常值完全剔除,而本文算法能够较好地去除连续异常值。本文算法流程明晰、参数简单、性能可靠,对数据质量较差的情况下较多异常值也能够进行清理,具有实际的工程应用价值。     

中国积雪资源时空演变特征及其旅游开发关键区识别

积雪资源深刻影响着滑雪旅游的发展与布局,刻画中国积雪资源时空特征,识别旅游开发关键区,对中国冰雪旅游高质量发展具有重要意义。本文通过Mann-Kendall突变检验、热点分析、重要-感知实绩分析（IPA）等方法刻画中国1979—2020年积雪资源时空演变特征,构建资源稳定性-旅游开发适宜性指标体系,识别中国滑雪旅游开发关键区。结果表明：(1)中国积雪资源过去40年变化可划为3个阶段,1980—1995年（Ⅰ）积雪资源下降,1995—2010年（Ⅱ）增加,2010—2020年（Ⅲ）下降。在空间上,变化面积呈现Ⅰ-Ⅱ（33.2%）>Ⅱ-Ⅲ（31.1%）>Ⅰ-Ⅲ（29.3%）的特征;(2)中国积雪资源在月尺度上,1—3月（Ⅰ）积雪资源基本维持稳定,3—10月（Ⅱ）显著下降,10—12月（Ⅲ）恢复。在空间上,变化面积呈Ⅰ-Ⅲ（30.3%）>Ⅱ-Ⅲ（28.3%）>Ⅰ-Ⅱ（26.8%）的变化规律;(3)中国境内滑雪旅游开发极关键区面积占比为4.90%、关键区为11.69%、一般区为31.57%、不关键区为25.73%、极不关键区为26.11%,总体来看中国境内85%的区域不...     

塔里木盆地北缘一次局地极端暴雪天气异常机制及成因

2021年4月2日塔里木盆地北缘拜城县出现突破历史同期极值的灾害性暴雪。利用ERA5高分辨率再分析资料、自动气象站观测资料和FY-2G卫星资料,分析了极端暴雪天气环流异常、多尺度环流特征及物理机制。结果表明：（1）高层伊朗高压及低纬东风气流的异常导致中亚低涡与高原低涡异常结合,加强了低层异常东风气流,东风急流引导南海、孟加拉湾暖湿空气沿河西走廊到达塔里木盆地中部,使得水汽辐合及垂直上升运动加强,在地面辐合线触发下,产生极端降雪天气。地面冷高压稳定维持,导致塔里木盆地持续降温,而拜城位于海拔1000 m以上的浅山区,二者共同作用,造成拜城4月降水相态仍然为雪。（2）垂直位温梯度和西风异常导致湿斜压不稳定发展,形成低层锋生和高层及近地面湿位涡异常,而锋生作用和湿位涡异常又通过垂直运动变化影响降雪的发生发展。对于拜城而言,起决定作用的是中层的上升运动及300～500 hPa的垂直风切变。（3）中尺度云团不断发展并向东北移动经过拜城县上空,增加了降雪持续时间和降雪强度,移动方向和传播方向的一致性则决定了中尺度云团生消演变特征。研究结果可加深对塔里木盆地局地极端暴雪成因的认知,为精确预报、精准服...     

陕西柞水地区金盆梁金矿区水系沉积物地球化学特征与找矿方向

对陕西柞水地区金盆梁金矿区1∶50 000水系沉积物样品中微量元素含量,元素分布、分配、共生组合特征以及主要元素地球化学异常特征进行综合研究,进一步确定该区找矿方向。结果表明:Au是金盆梁金矿区内主要的成矿元素,Ag为主要伴生元素,As、Sb为远程指示元素;泥盆系上统桐峪寺组第五岩性段上亚段是金矿富集的有利层位;石炭系下统二峪河组下亚组下段、泥盆系上统第四岩性段上亚段、泥盆系上统桐峪寺组第五岩性段上亚段为金成矿有利岩性段;矿区经历了至少两期热液活动,金矿体的形成受低级区域变质作用的影响,与岩浆热液活动有关;以Au为主成矿元素圈定的4个综合异常区与地层展布方向一致。位于玄檀沟附近的综合异常区处在金矿富集有利层位,次级构造发育,指示元素异常套合较好,浓集中心明显,Au异常强度高且规模大,并在异常内发现金矿体,因此,位于玄檀沟附近的综合异常区具有很好的找矿前景。     

An artificial neural network-based snow cover predictive modeling in the higher Himalayas

With trends indicating increase in temperature and decrease in winter precipitation, a significant negative trend in snow-covered areas has been identified in the last decade in the Himalayas. This requires a quantitative analysis of the snow cover in the higher Himalayas. In this study, a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model, an artificial neural network （ANN）, was deployed to predict the snow cover in the Kaligandaki river basin for the next 30 years. Observed climatic data, and snow covered area was used to train and test the model that captures the gross features of snow under the current climate scenario. The range of the likely effects of climate change on seasonal snow was assessed in the Himalayas using downscaled temperature and precipitation change projection from - HadCM3, a global circulation model to project future climate scenario, under the AIB emission scenario, which describes a future world of very rapid economic growth with balance use between fossil and non-fossil energy sources. The results show that there is a reduction of 9% to 46% of snow cover in different elevation zones during the considered time period, i.e., 2Oll to 2040. The 4700 m to 52oo m elevation zone is the most affected area and the area higher than 5200 m is the least affected. Overall, however, it is clear from the analysis that seasonal snow in the Kaligandaki basin is likely to be subject to substantialchanges due to the impact of climate change.     

山东单县覆盖区铁矿特征及找矿方向研究

鲁西南单县地区赋存沉积变质型铁矿,近年来,该地区铁矿找矿取得了较大的进展。为了更好地指导区内铁矿勘查工作,通过介绍单县地区铁矿地质特征、地球物理特征,剖析大刘庄铁矿床、龙王庙铁矿的矿床特征,建立找矿标志,并对今后铁矿找矿方向进行研究。单县大刘庄、龙王庙铁矿赋存于新太古代泰山岩群山草峪组中;铁矿体总体呈层状、似层状,局部呈透镜状,铁矿体产状与围岩一致。通过分析认为,区内的铁矿总体受山草峪组控制,构造、侵入岩对铁矿有破坏作用。经过对重磁测量成果分析,总体认为磁异常及其化极明显部位是区内铁矿勘查中最重要的指示标志,重力梯度带是铁矿赋存的重点位置。通过对以往勘查成果的综合分析认为,辛羊庙异常区应为今后铁矿勘查工作的首选地区。     

土壤地球化学测量在辽宁省开原市小甸子银金多金属矿区的找矿效果

在勘查区内通过1∶10 000土壤地球化学测量工作发现多处异常,结合区内成矿地质条件及矿种属性可将异常划分为3个异常区带,即西部HT1、东部HT2、南部HT3。经地表探槽工程揭露部分异常与已知矿体较为吻合,并且在勘查区东部HT2-3异常带内新发现4条蚀变岩型Zn矿体。土壤地球化学测量在该区地质找矿中发挥了重要的指导作用,取得了良好的找矿效果。     

A new MODIS daffy cloud free snow cover mapping algorithm on the Tibetan Plateau

Because of similar reflective characteristics of snow and cloud, the weather status seriously affects snow monitoring using optical remote sensing data. Cloud amount analysis during 2010 to 2011 snow seasons shows that cloud cover is the major limitation for snow cover monitoring using MOD10A1 and MYD10A1. By use of MODIS daily snow cover products and AMSR-E snow wa- ter equivalent products （SWE）, several cloud elimination methods were integrated to produce a new daily cloud flee snow cover product, and information of snow depth from 85 climate stations in Tibetan Plateau area （TP） were used to validate the accuracy of the new composite snow cover product. The results indicate that snow classification accuracy of the new daily snow cover product reaches 91.7% when snow depth is over 3 cm. This suggests that the new daily snow cover mapping algorithm is suitable for monitoring snow cover dynamic changes in TP.