1954—2007年云南农业气候变化研究

为弄清主要农业气候要素和农业气候年型变化规律和特征.基于多站点气候资料,对表征云南农业气候特点的17个初选气候因子,进行经验正交(EOF)分解提取主成分因子,再应用系统聚类法划分农业气候年型.结果得到7个相互独立的主成分因子和6种农业气候年型,可客观表述云南主要农业气候变化特征.1954年以来云南农业主要生长季气候变暖趋势明显;降水量和日照时数比气温年际波动大,日照变化又比降水量明显;春旱强度有减弱的趋势,阴雨寡照逐渐加重;1990年代中期以来气候变暖明显加剧,同时日照时数波动振幅大、夏季雨量有递减趋势;1995年以来云南主要受两种农业气候年型影响,1999-2007年的主要气候年型在1950年代、1960年代和1970年代均未曾出现.气候变化对农业的利弊影响都十分显著.     

市场经济下农业气候资源与经济效益浅析

该文从理论上分析了市场经济下农业气候资源利用与经济效益的关系，并以浙江省嘉兴市为例分析了作物生产面临的气候风险与市场风险，提出了实现农业两高一优的气候对策，指出在市场经济下农业的发展必须重视气候资源的合理利用和有效配置。     

兴山县烤烟种植的气候区划

利用有关文献资料，结合兴山县近10多年烟草栽培实际以及20世纪80年代山区气候考察资料和2000-2001年实地调查资料，确定了影响烤烟品质和产量的气候因子。以日平均温度≥20℃的持续日数为兴山县烤烟区划的一级指标，以≥10℃的活动积温(∑T≥10℃)、年平均日极端最高气温≥38℃的日数为二级指标，对该县烤烟种植范围进行分区。结果表明，海拔高度在500-1300m的区域均可种植烤烟，最适宜区域在700—1200m之间。     

Climatic Change文章使用多指标方法评估中国农业的气候变化脆弱性

正2014年7月29日,Climatic Change在线发表的题为《用多指标方法综合评估中国农业的气候变化脆弱性》(Integrated Assessment of China’s Agricultural Vulnerability to Climate Change:a Multi-indicator Approach)的文章表明,中国贵州、广西和云南省的农业对气候变化尤为脆弱,并且到2040年,这些地区的农业气候变     

新书架

正《中国农业应对气候变化》周广胜主编该书采用要素—过程结果评估的逻辑思路,从全国、主要农区及主要粮食作物(水稻、玉米、小麦)三个层次,系统分析了我国农业气候资源变化、农业气象灾害变化、农业病虫害变化、农业种植制度变化和作物生长发育与产量变化,探讨了当前及未来气候变化情景下我国主要粮食作物的气候生产潜力以及我国主要粮食作物产量的提升潜力。同时,针对当前农业气候资源下我国主要粮食作物增产面临的问题,从主要粮食作物的种植面积、复种指数、品种布局和生产管理方式等方面探讨了我国适应气候变化的对策措施。     

Scenario Analysis on the Adaptation of Different Maize Varieties to Future Climate Change in Northeast China

Based on gridded meteorological data for the period 1981–2100 from the RegCM3 regional model, the changing trends of climatic resources in Northeast China are analyzed, and the distributions of maize varieties are accordingly adjusted. In order to explore the effects of different adaptation countermeasures on climatic productivity and meteorological suitability in the future, maize cultivars with resistance to high temperatures and/or drought are selected. The results show that, in the future, there is likely to be a significant increase in thermal resources, and potential atmospheric evaporation will increase correspondingly.Meanwhile, radiation is predicted to increase significantly during 2041–2070 in the growing season. However, changes in precipitation are unlikely to be sufficient enough to offset the intensification in atmospheric evaporation caused by the temperature increase. Water resources and high temperatures are found to be the two major factors constraining grain yield. The results also show that the warming climate will be favorable for maize production where thermal resources are already limited, such as in central and northern Heilongjiang Province and eastern Jilin Province; while in areas that are already relatively warm, such as Liaoning Province, climatic productivity will be reduced. The climatic productivity and the meteorological suitability of maize are found to improve when the planting of resistant varieties is modeled. The utilization of agricultural climatic resources through the adaptation countermeasures of maize varieties is to increase obviously with time. Specifically, maize with drought-resistant properties will have a marked influence on meteorological suitability during 2011–2070, with suitable areas expanding. During 2071–2100, those maize varieties with their upper limit of optimum temperature and maximum temperature increased by 2℃, or water requirement reduced to 94%, or upper limit of optimum temperature and maximum temperature increased by 1℃ and water requirement reduced to 98%, all exhibit significant differences in climatic potential productivity, compared to the present-day varieties. The meteorological suitability of maize is predicted to increase in some parts of Heilongjiang Provine, with the eastern boundary of the "unavailable" area shifting westward.     

大豆生育期内气候资源变化特征及未来情景预估

用江苏淮北20个气象台站1961—2012年气象观测资料与RegCM4区域气候模式,在RCP4.5和RCP8.5排放情景下的模拟数据,应用数理统计方法,分析和预估了大豆生育期内光、温、水等农业气候资源的变化特征。结果表明:近52 a,≥10℃活动积温各年均在3 100℃·d以上。1980s变化较为平稳,1990s上升趋势显著,且年际波动较明显。日照时数与太阳总辐射呈显著下降趋势,线性趋势分别达到了-4.9 h·a-1、-7.6 MJ·m-2·a-1,2000年之后基本上都低于气候平均值。降水量在1960s呈现下降趋势,1970s、1980s波动较平稳,1990s后期开始显著上升,而水分盈亏则以正值为主。在未来两种气候情景下,光、温、水资源的年际波动都比较大,气候极端事件可能将增多;活动积温为正距平,且呈现增加趋势,太阳净辐射也为正距平,水分盈亏以正距平为主。     

玉林与台湾农业气候资源比较研究

通过对玉林与台湾两地的光能资源、热量资源、水分资源及主要农业气象灾害综合对比,分析两地农业气候资源配合状况,为搞好海峡两岸农业合作试验区建设提供理论基础.     

1996年黔江地区春播期低温环流形势及成因分析

通过对１９９６年春播期环流形热特征进行初步分析认为：５００ｈＰａ欧洲北部亚洲西北部为高压控制，亚洲中部为低槽，且分别有正变高中心和负高中心与之配合。