Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Organic Matter from Petroleum Source Rocks and Its Implications

Organic matter was experimentally extracted by supercritical fluids(CO2 1% isopropanol)from petroleum source rocks of different thermo-maturities at different buried depths in the same stratigraphic unit in the Dongying Basin.The results show that supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)is more effective than Soxhlet extraction(SE),with higher amounts and greater varieties of hydrocarbons and soluble organic matter becoming extractive.The supercritical CO2 extraction is therefore considered more valuable in evaluation of petroleum source rocks and oil resources,particularly those of immature types.     

柠檬酸与二氧化碳联合洗井增水技术研究与应用

本文详细介绍了柠檬酸与二氧化碳联合洗井的基本原理以及工艺流程,经在第四系地层铁管护壁的机井进行洗井增水试验,取得了成功,且增水效果较好,对有特殊水质要求的机井实现科学洗井提供了一种有效的方法.     

The Soil Moisture and Net Primary Production Affected by CO_2 and Climate Change Using a Coupled Model

In this paper, a coupled model was used to estimate the responses of soil moisture and net primary production of vegetation （NPP） to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate change. The analysis uses three experiments simulated by the second-generation Earth System Model （CanESM2） of the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis （CCCma）, which are part of the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIP5）. The authors focus on the magnitude and evolution of responses in soil moisture and NPP using simulations modeled by CanESM, in which the individual effects of increasing CO2 concentration and climate change and their combined effect are separately accounted for. When considering only the single effect of climate change, the soil moisture and NPP have a linear trend of 0.03 kg m^-2 yr^-1 and-0.14 gC m^- 2 yr^-2, respec- tively. However, such a reduction in the global NPP results from the decrease of NPP at lower latitudes and in the Southern Hemisphere, although increased NPP has been shown in high northern latitudes. The largest negative trend is located in the Amazon basin at -1.79 gC m^-2 yr^-2. For the individual effect of increasing CO2 concentration, both soil moisture and NPP show increases, with an elevated linear trend of 0.02 kg m^-2 yr^-1 and 0.84 gC m^-2 yr^-2, respectively. Most regions show an increasing NPP, except Alaska. For the combined effect of increasing atmospheric CO2 and climate change, the increased soil moisture and NPP exhibit a linear trend of 0.04 kg m^2 yr^-1 and 0.83 gC m^2 yr^-2 at a global scale. In the Amazon basin, the higher reduction in soil moisture is illustrated by the model, with a linear trend of-0.39 kg m^-2 yr^-1, for the combined effect. Such a change in soil moisture is caused by a weakened Walker circulation simulated by this coupled model, compared with the single effect of increasing CO2 concentration （experiment M2）, and a consequence of the reduction in NPP is also shown in this area, with a linear trend of-     

流体水化学观测方法在断层土壤气观测中的应用

利用现有水化学观测仪器设备对某些灵敏气体进行观测,比如使用水氡、水质、气体观测仪器设备进行断层土壤气氡、二氧化碳、气体观测的实验研究,并且给出了集气、采气装置的构成方式.氡气和气体观测采用真空负压采样法,使用水氡观测仪器和气相色谱仪.而土壤二氧化碳观测方法可采用碱溶液吸收法,采样时采用真空负压采样法或常压自然吸收法两种方式,还提出了氡气观测中设计采样装置时应注意的事项.     

金融和气候——哪个更让人恐谎？

近期,世界顶尖的气候变化问题研究专家在呼吁政府削减财政开销以降低二氧化碳排放量的同时,指出对于气候变化的不作为所带来的威胁,远远超过全球金融危机带来的混乱。     

中国对煤炭需求15年后下降

<正>日前,国际能源署(IEA)发布《世界能源展望2014》报告称,2040年,全球煤炭需求量将增加15%,中国煤炭需求量将占全球的50%左右,并在2030年出现下降。报告称,世界煤炭资源丰富,供应能得到保障,但其未来消费量的多少取决于污染控制和二氧化碳减排的需要。全球煤炭需求到2040年将增加15%,但是,其中几乎2/3的增长将出现在下一个10年中。中国煤炭需求占全球煤炭消费比     

国土资源部第一口碳捕获监测井在伊旗开钻

设计井深为2500米的国土资源部第一口二氧化碳地质储存示范工程监测井,近日在内蒙古自治区伊金霍洛旗乌兰木伦镇正式开钻。记者近日从内蒙古国土资源厅获悉,这一监测井设计井深2500米,由中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心实施,委托宁夏地勘局施工。主要目标是动态监测二氧化碳运移逃逸状况,并开展相关领域的专     

人类的盟友

听起来似乎有点不靠谱：在解决全球气候变化的问题上,人类并非孤立无援——我们可能有一位盟友。英国埃克塞特大学的个研究小组发现;硬骨鱼可排泄碳酸钙,这些碳酸钙溶解在上层海水中,可以中和海水中的二氧化碳,降低海水的酸度。鱼类排泄的碳酸钙的多少取决于其自身的太小和周围海水的温度,小鱼的排泄量比大鱼多,     

自然保护区是气候变化危机的有效解决方案

保护区在减少引起气候变化的二氧化碳排放方面发挥着重要作用。同时是气候变化影响和真他灾难的自然缓存器,可以减缓泛滥的洪水。避免水土流失引起的泥石流灾害,并避免风暴潮袭击。