Reconstruction of eddies by assimilating satellite altimeter data into Princeton Ocean Model

An optimal interpolation assimilation model for satellite altimetry data is developed based on Princeton Ocean Model (POM), which is applied in a quasi-global domain, by the method of isotropic correlation between sea level anomaly (SLA) and sea temperature anomaly. The perfor- mance of this assimilation model is validated by the modeled results of SLA and the current patterns. Comparisons between modeling and satellite data show that both the magnitudes and distribution patterns of the simulated SLA are improved by assimilation. The most signiˉcant improvement is that meso-scale systems, e.g., eddies, are well reconstructed. The evolution of an eddy located in the northwest Paciˉc Ocean is traced by using the assimilation model. Model results show that during three months the eddy migrated southwestward for about 6 degrees before merging into the Kuroshio. The three dimensional structure of this eddy on 12 August 2001 is further analyzed. The strength of this warm, cyclonic eddy decreases with the increase of depth. The eddy shows di?erent horizontal patterns at di?erent layers, and the SLA and temperature ˉelds agree with each other well. This study suggests that this kind of data assimilation is economic and reliable for eddy reconstruction, and can be used as a promising technique in further studies of ocean eddies as well as other ˉne circulation structures.     

新型观测数据在东莞一次大暴雨过程中的综合应用

利用区域自动站、风廓线雷达及微波辐射计资料,对东莞市2019年6月一次大暴雨作综合分析.结果表明:大暴雨发生在前期高温、高层强辐散形势中,低层有西南风急流,水汽充沛,利于出现强降水,低层浅薄冷空气入侵激发前期不稳定能量,强对流出现;弱冷空气触发的降水,雷雨的偏北出流与西南风对峙形成中尺度辐合线,增城降水造成的冷池驱动导...     

宇宙射线中子技术的中尺度土壤水研究进展及在荒漠绿洲区的应用

宇宙射线中子技术是观测土壤水分的新方法,通过近地表宇宙射线中子强度反演土壤水分,可以监测百米尺度范围内平均土壤水分状况,为中尺度土壤水研究提供数据支撑。重点综述了快中子强度与氢原子数呈反比的宇宙射线中子技术的观测原理,分析影响中子强度的气压、空气湿度、太阳活动、磁场强度、道路和中子数计量等因素,归纳了剔除非土壤水氢源的中子强度反演土壤水的关系模型,总结了计算土壤水校正点权重的方法,概述了国内外观测应用进展。在此基础上,利用移动式宇宙射线中子技术在河西走廊荒漠绿洲区进行土壤水分观测,观测的均方根误差为0.03 g/g,参数N0为690 counts/30s,该技术较好地实现了该区域中尺度土壤水分测定。荒漠区0～30 cm土层,夏季和秋季的土壤水资源量分别为6.8 mm和19.4 mm;绿洲区0～15 cm土层,夏季和秋季的土壤水资源量分别为50 mm和44 mm,研究为荒漠绿洲区土壤水资源评价和绿水利用提供了科学依据。     

Application of FY-2C Cloud Drift Winds in a Mesoscale Numerical Model

Statistical tests and error analysis of cloud drift winds(CDWs) from the FY-2C satellite were made by using radiosonde observations.According to the error characteristics of the CDW,a bias correction using the thermal wind theory was applied in the data quality control.The CDW data were then assimilated into the GRAPES-meso model via the GRAPES-3DVar.A torrential rain event that occurred in northwestern China during 1-2 July 2005 was simulated.The results indicate that the CDW data were mainly distribute...     

物理过程和分辨率对西南涡演变的中尺度模拟影响

本文运用PSU/NCAR中尺度模式第四改进型(MM_4),对“81.7”四川暴雨期西南涡的演变进行了一系列96和72小时数值模拟;其目的在于研究模式物理过程和空间分辨率以及行星边界层(PBL)参数化对西南涡生成和发展模拟的影响。96小时的控制试验(方案Ⅰ)结果表明:水平分辨率160km和总体PBL的10层MM_4对西南涡发展模拟得较好,但对其生成只有初步模拟的能力;各种物理过程主要影响西南涡演变的强度,而对其位置影响较小;去掉潜热释放会显著影响西南涡在后期的发展;没有地面通量将使西南涡的生成和发展强度明显减弱;于试验不能模拟出西南涡在整个暴雨期的发展,且使其移速略快,无摩擦试验指出,地面摩擦对西南涡的生成是不重要的。提高模式空间分辨率和采用高分辨PBL模式,能使西南涡生成和发展位置的模拟有明显改进,但其强度一般偏强于实况。事实表明,进一步完善模式物理过程、改进PBL参数化和提高模式空间分辨率将是十分必要的。     

9012台风倒槽结构与暴雨中尺度系统

利用高空资料、地面资料和红外卫星云图资料,对发生在浙江中北部的9012台风倒槽暴雨的机制进行分析,揭示了该台风倒槽的结构和暴雨的环境场。并进一步研究了产生暴雨的中尺度暴雨云团及其周围的垂直气流分布与地面降水的对应关系。对暴雨云团所对应的高、中、低(地面)层系统亦进行了分析。     

大尺度形势对中尺度对流风暴影响的研究

通过对多次强对流过程的分析,归纳出大尺度天气形势对中尺度对流风暴发生发展影响的4个方面,提出了天气形势分型的基本原则,并介绍了北京、华东和闽南地区不同天气形势下强对流活动的特点。