林芝：雪域高原上的绿色明珠

家乡林芝位于西藏自洽区东南部,其西部和西南部分别与拉萨、山南两地相连,”东部和北部分别与昌都地区、那曲地区相连,南部与印度、缅甸两国接壤,     

湘湖

浙江湘湖旅游度假区是一个以历史文化、自然生态、休闲度假为主题的开放型旅游风景区,她位于杭州市东南部,距西湖15公里,与西湖隔钱塘江而南北相望。     

青海东南部应力场特征及正断层小震现象的初步研究

利用2008-2013年青海东南部数字地震波资料,采用Pg、Sg最大振幅比及CAP方法反演得到92个ML2.5～4.9中小地震震源机制解。统计结果表明该区中小地震震源类型以走滑为主,应力轴接近水平,兼有一定量正断层类型,逆冲类型较少;利用格点尝试法求出研究区平均现代构造应力场是以处于近NE—SW方向的水平压应力和近NW—SE方向的水平张应力为特征;进一步分析了研究区正断层小震产生的背景,初步认为这些正断层类型小震可能主要源自高海拔地形产生的重力滑塌作用。     

AN ANALYSIS OF THE WINTER EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS ON THE BACKGROUND OF CLIMATE WARMING IN SOUTHERN CHINA

Based on daily precipitation and monthly temperature data in southern China, the winter extreme precipitation changes in southern China have been investigated by using the Mann-Kendall test and the return values of Generalized Pareto Distribution. The results show that a winter climate catastrophe in southern China occurred around 1991, and the intensity of winter extreme precipitation was strengthened after climate warming. The anomalous circulation characteristics before and after the climate warming was further analyzed by using the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data. It is found that the tropical winter monsoon over East Asia is negatively correlated with the precipitation in southeastern China. After climate warming the meridionality of the circulations in middle and high latitudes increases, which is favorable for the southward movement of the cold air from the north. In addition, the increase of the temperature over southern China may lead to the decrease of the differential heating between the continent and the ocean. Consequently, the tropical winter monsoon over East Asia is weakened, which is favorable for the transport of the warm and humid air to southeastern China and the formation of the anomalous convergence of the moisture flux, resulting in large precipitation over southeastern China. As a result, the interaction between the anomalous circulations in the middle and high latitudes and lower latitudes after the climate warming plays a major role in the increase of the winter precipitation intensity over southeastern China.     

IMPACTS OF ATOVS DATA ASSIMILATION ON PREDICTION OF A RAINSTORM OVER SOUTHEAST CHINA

Using the Advanced Research WRF (ARW WRF) model and the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) three-dimensional variational analysis (3DVAR) system, the impact of assimilating ATOVS (Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) radiance through the prototype Community Radiative Transfer Model (pCRTM) is evaluated on the forecasting of a heavy rainstorm occurring over the central Guangdong province in the southeast of China on 20-21 June 2005. A pair of comparison experiments (NODA and DA) for this case is conducted with multiple configurations, including nesting domains with 4-km and 12-km grid distances. The results showed that by changing the initial condition through data assimilation, a modified divergence and moisture field with the structure of dipoles has been added to the axis of the rainband with a southwest-northeast orientation. When more moisture carried by a southwesterly low level jet (LLJ) was converged into the northeast portion of the rainband around the observatory station of Longmen, the amplitude of moisture static energy (MSE) increased substantially at low levels much more than at middle levels, resulting in the enlarging of differences in MSE between 500 hPa and 850 hPa; the atmosphere became more unstable. Consequently, the convective rainfall increased in the northeast part of the province around the Longmen station, which was consistent with the observed distribution of rainfall.     

中国东南部晚中生代-新生代玄武岩与壳幔作用

中国东南部的火山活动在早中生代时期仅有很小规模,晚中生代最早的、较大规模的岩浆活动始于中侏罗世早期,至早白垩世是火山岩浆活动的鼎盛期,在近100个Ma的时间内形成了大面积分布的晚中生代火山-侵入岩,而在新生代则以面积较小的玄武岩浆喷出活动为主,局限分布于沿海一带。以晚中生代湘南、赣南和闽西南的近EW向火山岩带和浙、闽沿海地区的近NNE向火山岩带,以及新生代近NNE向火山岩带为研究对象,对这些火山岩的地球化学特征对比研究,结合时空分布,讨论了它们的起源及其与壳幔相互作用的关系,以及它们形成的构造环境,其结果显示,EW向晚中生代火山岩带（180～170Ma）的西段玄武岩独立产出,且明显属碱性系列;而中段和东段玄武岩和流纹岩伴生,其中的玄武岩均为亚碱性系列的拉斑玄武岩。它们形成于板内拉张构造环境,是中国东南部特提斯构造域向太平洋构造域转换、晚中生代大规模岩浆作用的序幕。研究表明,该火山岩带自西向东表现出不同程度的壳幔相互作用,玄武岩在成岩过程中有少量陆壳组分加入。NNE向晚中生代火山岩带（130～90Ma）主要为流纹质岩石,安山岩和玄武岩很少。即使是双峰式火山岩也以酸性岩为主,玄武岩仅占全部火山岩体积的30％以下。其中的玄武岩主要属钙碱性系列,少数属拉斑系列。它们形成于火山弧构造环境,是中国东南部受太平洋构造域影响发生大规模火山岩浆作用的主旋律。其中玄武岩岩浆成分受到了较高程度的陆壳物质混染,同时代的中性火山岩是由底侵的玄武岩岩浆和陆壳物质来源的酸性岩浆发生岩浆混合作用而形成的,反映了强烈的壳幔相互作用。NNE向新生代火山岩带,分布在浙闽沿海,以碱性系列玄武岩为主,均含幔源包体,并受NNE向大陆边缘断裂构造的控制。它们形成于板内裂谷环境,是中国东南沿海由晚中生代火山弧构造环境转换为新生代板内裂谷环境的标志,起源于软流圈地幔,并有EMII岩石圈地幔的混合组分,但基本没有受到陆壳物质的混染。     

云贵高原东南部地壳各向异性初步研究

云贵高原东南部地区位于贵州西南部及广西西北部。 我们选用中国地震科学台阵一期在广西、 贵州区域内的50个流动台站记录的2011年6月至2013年3月的地震波形资料, 运用剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM), 得到了可用于分析的10个台站地震资料, 获得剪切波分裂参数即快剪切波偏振方向和慢剪切波时间延迟。 结果表明, 云贵高原东南部地区的地壳各向异性呈现南北分区的特点。 广西西北部地区的快剪切波优势偏振方向为NW—SE, 与华南地块主压应力方向一致。 贵州西南地区位于扬子板块和华南褶皱系右江褶皱带的过渡带, 其快剪切波优势偏振方向近NE—SW, 与华南地块主压应力方向近似垂直, 反映出区域内复杂的构造背景及应力环境。 将云贵高原东南部慢剪切波时间延迟与川滇地块以及华夏地块东南部对比可知, 云贵高原东南部地壳介质各向异性程度更接近于华南地块。     

镜泊湖和＂地下森林＂

位于黑龙江东南部的牡丹江市,旅游资源得天独厚,以高山堰塞湖镜泊湖和地下森林而闻名。镜泊湖是中国最大的高山堰塞湖。湖水南浅北深,蜿蜓曲折,呈S型,湖面海拔350米,湖岸多港湾,湖中大小岛屿星罗棋布。     

2011年6月21-22日降水区域特征分析

1引言黑龙江省降雨天气具有季节性强、影响范围广、强度大等特征,受独特的地理环境影响,突发性、局地性都给预报工作带来一定难度。影响绥化市降水准确率的主要因素是降水的空漏报,对于影响系统的移速、方向及引发降水的触发机制分析的不够准确导致判断性的失误是空报的主要原因。本     

玉石传奇(之二)巫神之玉

距今五千年左右,地球上正孕育着人类最早的文明。古埃及用金字塔表达对太阳的崇拜,古巴比伦人建造了理想中的空中花园,而在古老的中国,那是一个没有文字记载,充满想象的传说的时代。