二维Delaunay三角网的任意点删除算法研究

针对目前基于影响域多边形剖分的点删除算法缺陷,提出一种二维Delaunay三角网点删除算法。首先利用具有拓扑关系的三角网搜索影响多边形,并以三角形矢量面积为工具三角剖分影响域多边形,最后通过镶嵌优化后的剖分三角网完成点的删除,且满足Delaunay法则。通过测试证明了算法的可靠性和高效性。     

基于节理网络有限元的柱状节理岩体等效变形模量结构效应研究

因其特殊的地质成因,柱状节理成为一种具有强烈非连续性及各向异性的特殊岩体结构。以白鹤滩水电工程设计、建设中所遇到的柱状节理玄武岩体为背景,针对柱状节理岩体的等效变形模量问题,在探讨了其结构效应表征参数的基础上,利用节理网络有限元为工具,研究各结构效应表征参数对柱状节理岩体等效变形模量的影响。研究结果表明：在柱轴线横向平面上,对于柱体不规则程度,当柱体完全不规则相对于完全规则情况,等效模量提高大约10%左右;在其他条件不变情况下,当柱体平均边长从0.1 m增加至0.5 m时,等效模量从5.36 GPa增加至23.4 GPa;对不同加载方向的研究结果表明,柱状节理在柱轴横向平面上可以视作各向同性;当节理刚度线性递增时,相应的岩体等效模量也基本符合线性递增的规律。在平行柱体轴线平面,节理组2间距越大,柱状节理岩体的等效变形模量越大;随着错距比的增加,柱状节理岩体的等效变形模量呈现先增加后减少的趋势,当错距比为50%时,节理岩体的等效变形模量取最大值;对于节理刚度的影响,与柱轴横向平面类似的,随柱体轴线平面上节理刚度的线性增加,相应的岩体模量也基本符合线性递增的规律。该研究成果与已有的现场研究成果及三维数值模型成果相比,吻合良好。说明了文中提供的研究结论具有较好的可信度及参考价值。     

利用无线电窄带干涉仪定位系统对地闪全过程的观测与研究

利用VHF无线电窄带干涉仪定位系统对一次包含有19次回击的地闪全过程产生的甚高频辐射源进行了定位研究,该系统基于双基线正交5天线阵列,采用直接高频放大检相,降低了采用变频电路时带来的系统误差,提高了整个系统的精度;系统采用交互式的图像分析程序来处理干涉仪本身存在的条纹模糊问题,以1μs的时间分辨率连续确定闪电辐射源发生的二维位置（仰角和方位角）,直观地再现了闪电放电随时空发生和发展的全过程．利用窄带干涉仪系统并结合同步观测的VHF辐射强度和快电场变化资料,对一次负极性地闪发生和发展的全过程研究发现,负地闪预击穿过程起始于负电荷区,先向下后向上发展;梯级先导辐射强且连续,且首次回击开始若干毫秒内辐射强度更大;直窜先导辐射相对离散且强度弱,由于通道电离程度的变化,梯级先导和直窜先导可以相互转化;初始梯级先导速度约为10^5m／s,直窜先导的平均速度约为4．1×10^6m／s,梯级一直窜先导的平均速度约为6．0×10^6m／s;M过程伴随有活跃的爆发式辐射,产生勾状电场变化,击穿发展最终沿着导电性良好的主放电通道迅速到地,其平均速度约为7×10^7m／s,大于直窜先导和梯级直窜先导平均速度;K变化和企图先导与先导本质上是一样的,只是没有到达地面而引发回击．     

Condensed hyperelements method of non-vertical consistent boundaries for wave propagation analysis in irregular media

The study of wave propagation in finite/infinite media has many applications in geotechnical and structural earthquake engineering and has been a focus of research for the past few decades. This paper presents an analysis of 2D anti- plane problems （Love waves） and 2D in-plane problems （Rayleigh waves） in the frequency domain in media consisting of a near-field irregular and a far-field regular part. The near field part may contain structures and its boundaries with the far-field can be of any shape. In this study, the irregular boundaries of the near-field are treated as consistent boundaries, extending the concept of Lysmer＇s vertical consistent boundaries. The presented technique is called the Condensed Hyperelements Method （CHM）. In this method, the irregular boundary is limited to a vertical boundary at each end that is a consistent boundary at the far-field side. Between the two ends, the medium is discretized with hyperelements. Using static condensation, the stiffness matrix of the far-field is derived for the nodes on the irregular boundary. Examples of the application of the CHM illustrate its excellent accuracy and efficiency.     

Dynamics of large-truncated mooring systems coupled with a catenary moored semi-submersible

With the floating structures pushing their activities to the ultra-deep water,model tests have presented a challenge due to the limitation of the existing wave basins.Therefore,the concept of truncated mooring system is implemented to replace the full depth mooring system in the model tests,which aims to have the same dynamic responses as the full depth system.The truncated mooring system plays such a significant role that extra attention should be paid to the mooring systems with large truncation factor.Three different types of large truncation factor mooring system are being employed in the simulations,including the homogenously truncated mooring system,non-homogenously truncated mooring system and simplified truncated mooring system.A catenary moored semi-submersible operating at 1000 m water depth is presented.In addition,truncated mooring systems are proposed at the truncated water depth of 200 m.In order to explore the applicability of these truncated mooring systems,numerical simulations of the platform’s surge free decay interacting with three different styles of truncated mooring systems are studied in calm water.Furthermore,the mooring-induced damping of the truncated mooring systems is simulated in the regular wave.Finally,the platform motion responses and mooring line dynamics are simulated in irregular wave.All these simulations are implemented by employing full time domain coupled dynamic analysis,and the results are compared with those of the full depth simulations in the same cases.The results show that the mooring-induced damping plays a significant role in platform motion responses,and all truncated mooring systems are suitable for model tests with appropriate truncated mooring line diameters.However,a large diameter is needed for simplified truncated mooring lines.The suggestions are given to the selection of truncated mooring system for different situations as well as to the truncated mooring design criteria.     

多向不规则波浪生成的数值方法

实际的海浪是三维(多方向)的,海浪的方向分布对于海浪折射、绕射及泥沙运动等的研究具有重要的意义,因而人们利用多向不规则造波机对它进行物理模型试验研究.同时,基于合适的数学模型,可在计算机上产生长时段的多向不规则波浪,用于研究海浪的基本特性及其对工程建筑物的作用,也是一种方便经济有效的手段,这也是制作多向不规则波造波机控制信号的基础.因此,如何由数模有效地合成多向不规则波浪,日益受到人们的重视.常用的一种方法是把海浪看作由无数不同频率和不同方向的组成波线性叠加而成,因而将模拟二维波浪的方法^[1]直接推广应用于三维波浪的模拟.但是这样模拟所得的波浪往往是空间上不均匀,时间上会重复出现,需要进一步研究改进.本文首先给出了多向不规则波的三种模拟方法,并对其模拟结果进行了分析检验,给出了较理想的海浪模式.在此基础上,研究了模拟所得波浪的基本特征和模拟参数的确定.     

Characteristics of Geoelectric and Geomagnetic Data before Strong Earthquakes in the North China Region

The earth resistivity and geomagnetic observation data of the Z component from many stations in near-epicentral areas of strong earthquakes are combined and calculated by using a spatial linearity method and a new characteristic value, the spatial linearity a, describing the precursory field in near-epicentral area of strong earthquake, is obtained. The analysis and calculation results of geoelectric and geomagnetic observation data prior to 8 earthquakes with M≥5.5 occurring in the North China region show that a value near the epicentral area tendsto decrease significantly half a year before strong earthquakes.     

不规则三角网土方量计算数学模型及精度分析

土方量的计算是铁路、公路勘察、场地平整等土木工程中经常碰到的问题,在实际生产应用中,有时不同方法计算的土石方量相差较大,因此确定不同方法的土方计算精度显得尤为重要。本文首先介绍了利用不规则三角网进行土方量计算的方法,给出了单个三角形对应的几何体的体积计算公式。在此基础上,根据误差传播定律,以点位误差和高程误差为影响因子,对不规则三角网土方量计算结果精度进行评价。最后利用野外实测的地形点数据对本文的方法进行了验证和分析。     

闪电回击过程物理机制研究

阐述了云地闪发生的物理过程,并根据国外一些类比实验对云地闪发生的物理机制进行了分析,主要就先导过程中电晕套的形成机制和回击过程中电晕套中空间电荷的中和机理做出解释.     

基于不规则网格的城市地理空间信息共享研究

探讨了城市等级不规则网格的组成及编码规则,分析了城市大比例尺共享空间框架数据的特点、作用及确定原则,以城市有关部门的数据为例进行了城市基础空间信息整合及共享研究。