太白山国家级自然保护区的生态评价

根据太白山国家级自然保护区的基本特征,确定7个评价指标,运用指标赋分和层次分析法进行生态评价,该保护区生态质量较好     

Evaluation on tourism ecological security in nature heritage sites —Case of Kanas nature reserve of Xinjiang, China

The nature heritages are the precious legacy of nature with outstanding scientific and aesthetic value. They are quite different from other common ecotourism areas, because of its original and unique system, sensitive and vulnerable landscape, and peripheral cultural features. Therefore, the tourism development in the nature heritage sites should be on the premise of ecological security. The evaluation index system of tourism ecological security in nature heritage sites was constructed in this article by AHP and Delphi methods, including nature ecological security, landscape visual security and local culture ecological security, and the security thresholds of indices were also established. In the indices’ weights of the evaluation model, the nature ecological security ranked the highest, followed by tourist landscape visual security and culture ecological security, which reflected the influence degree of the limited factor to tourism ecological security. Then, this paper carried out an empirical study of Kanas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, which has the potential to be the World Nature Heritage. On the basis of the data attained from survey and observation on the spot, as well as questionnaire answered by tourists and local communities, the ecological security status in Kanas was evaluated. The result showed that the status of Kanas tourism ecological security was better, but there had some limiting factors. Lastly, effective measures were put forward to ensure its ecological security. Foundation item: Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40671057), Knowledge Innovation Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX3-SW-355)     

Spatial correlation and ecological characteristics analysis of management area for biodiversity conservation and relevant regionalization

Formulation of different ecological zone plans according to the corresponding protection targets and the necessity of proper conservation policy is one of the measures to achieve the goal of ecological conservation in China.In order to clarify the interrelation among key ecological zone plans,this paper carried out the research on spatial relation of priority areas of biodiversity conservation and three key ecological areas（key ecological function areas,key regions of ecological service function,national nature reserves） and the research on ecological conditions,based on multi-scale ecological spatial theme information,which incorporates elements like ecologi-cal quality and type,and by the aid of spatial information analysis and GIS modeling.The results showed a contrastively fine spatial consistency with 68.8% of priority areas of biodiversity conservation overlapping with three key ecological areas.Although the envi-ronment in priority areas of biodiversity conservation were in good conditions,protection pressure is also increasing,powerful supervi-sion and protection should not be ignored.The environmental conditions in the overlapping areas,as a whole,were superior to those in the non-overlapping areas.Since two areas have different characteristics,targeted protection measures should be formulated based on this difference,which will be very important for biodiversity conservation in priority areas of biodiversity conservation.     

三江自然保护区耕地与湿地协调发展水平的评价研究

构建了衡量耕地—湿地协调发展的评价指标体系,并以三江自然保护区为例,采用综合指数法对耕地生产与湿地环境的协调发展水平进行了评价。结果表明:1954~2000年耕地生产与湿地环境比较协调,1995年协调度达最高点0.992,2000年二者综合发展水平达最高点0.389;2000~2005年协调度和综合发展水平开始出现大幅度下降,湿地开垦已经超过其临界规模,湿地面积的急速下降已威胁到区域的可持续发展。1995~2000年这段期间三江自然保护区耕地与湿地协调水平最高,此时耕地面积大约为2.6×10⁴ hm²,湿地面积大约为3.5×10⁴ hm²。此结果可以作为三江自然保护区湿地恢复重要的参考标准。在该标准下,通过改变传统农业发展模式和提高单产水平,三江自然保护区粮食可满足目前的需求,湿地重要的生态功能也可大大恢复。     

基于倾向得分匹配方法的中国自然保护区缓解人类活动压力评估

科学地评估自然保护区缓解人类活动压力的效果,对于有效的自然保护至关重要.目前中国国家尺度下的这方面研究,仅将保护区内、外的人类活动压力进行对比,其缺陷是样本选择性偏差会导致评估结果的不合理.本文选择了倾向得分匹配(Propensity Score Matching)方法来克服保护区评价中的样本选择性偏差问题.首先耦合多...     

福建省自然保护区的发展

自然保护区是多学科综合的科研、教育基地，是人类保护利用自然环境、物种资源等的重要场所，本文在收集福建省自然保护区的有关资料和进行野外调查的基础上，简要论述福建省自然保护区发展历史、建设现状、管理状况、发展对策。     

鼎湖山自然保护区大气气溶胶中的PAHs

多环芳烃（PAHs)是环境中分布广泛、危害人类健康的有机化合物，通过对鼎湖山自然保护区自然地理和大气气溶胶中苯并（a)芘分析认为，春季样品中大气气溶胶中PAHs主要来源于高等植物排放，夏季来源于珠江三角洲经济区化石燃烧排放。     

近30年羌塘自然保护区气候特征分析

本文利用羌塘自然保护区周边6个气象站1978～2007年30年数据,利用气候统计方法,分析了温度、积温、降水的趋势变化。结果表明：该地区年平均温度、年平均最高温度、年平均最低温度都呈上升趋势,且上升幅度远远大于全球、全国平均水平;≥0℃积温、≥5℃积温呈增加趋势,初日提前,终日推迟,持续日数增加;降水的区域特征明显,自东向西呈递减趋势。年降水量呈上升趋势。     

北京十渡自然保护区秋冬季节黑鹳数量及生境研究

为了研究秋冬季节北京十渡自然保护区黑鹳(Ciconia nigra)的数量变动及其对生境的选择,于2008年9月6日～12月26日,根据十渡自然保护区特殊的地理特征选取16条样线,利用双筒望远镜、单筒望远镜、GPS,采用直接计数法记录发现黑鹳的数量;采用选择系数Wi和选择指数Ei评价黑鹳对十渡自然保护区5种不同生境类型(灌丛湿地、河漫滩地、鱼塘、河流和湖泡)的喜好程度.本次调查共记录到黑鹳174只;其中,9～10月观察到的黑鹳数量较少,月平均遇见数为26.5只;部分黑鹳于11月17日～11月29日迁走,12月4日左右开始有黑鹳迁入;黑鹳月平均遇见数量高峰期在12月,当月月平均遇见数达到34只.生境选择评价结果表明,黑鹳喜好在灌丛湿地和河漫滩地栖息、觅食,而对鱼塘、河流、湖泡具有回避性.     

青海三江源地区近50年来的气温变化

利用青海三江源地区12个气象站1961-2010年月气温资料及滑动平均、线性倾向估计、样条函数插值、Mann-Kendal检验等方法对气温变化的分析结果表明:(1)青海三江源地区及3个源区年、四季平均气温出现多次冷暖波动过程,但在统计意义上均呈显著增温趋势,2001年以后增温明显.其中,春、夏、秋季和全年平均气温从20...