当代世界经济格局与我国对策分析

本文在分析当代世界经济发展走势的基础上,着重分析了发展中国家所面临的机遇和挑战,旨在指出我国适应全球经济发展的对策。笔者认为,我国在当代世界经济格局中既有优势,也面临许多困难。只有积极地加入世界经济全球化和一体化的轨道,有效地实施科教兴国战略,发展国家经济,增强竞争能力,维护国家安全才是我国在全球经济大趋势下的重要举措。     

OBS广角反射地震及其意义

在蒸发岩、玄武岩等高阻抗岩层发育地区 ,常规反射地震往往难以获取高阻抗层以下的地层地质信息。而使用海底地震仪 ( OBS)进行广角反射地震测量 ,可较好地解决高阻抗层屏蔽问题 ,它是开展海上地质构造勘查的一种行之有效的方法。对 OBS广角反射地震法的原理 ,海上测量方法 ,资料处理 ,时间剖面解释及地下地质构造计算机模拟方法作了阐述 ,对 OBS广角反射地震勘探法的成功范例——苏伊士湾高蒸发岩发育区结晶基底勘探作一扼要介绍。     

全面推进“三世工程”，创建桂林国际旅游名城新局面

桂林“三世”工程指申报世界文化与自然遗产、申报世界岩溶地质公园、创建桂林世界喀斯特博览园三项工程。桂林“三世”工程申报有着优良厚实的基础,它将给创建桂林国际旅游名城带来新的契机,成为有效保护桂林岩溶山水景观资源和打造“桂林特色旅游航母”、做大做强广西旅游的龙头;同时也是全面建设小康社会的需要。“三世”工程具有开创性、全局性、前瞻性的重要战略意义和现实意义。      

高光谱成像遥感载荷技术的现状与发展

高光谱成像技术可同时获取地物的几何、辐射和光谱信息,集相机、辐射计和光谱仪能力于一体,相比光学空间二维成像,可对地物进行空间和光谱三维成像,在一定的空间分辨率下,获取宽谱段范围内地物独特的连续特征光谱,对地物的精细分类和识别具有突出的优势,目前已成为对地遥感的重要前沿技术手段,在自然资源调查、生态环境监测、农林牧渔、海洋与海岸带监测等领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着高光谱遥感应用的深入研究,对高光谱成像遥感仪器的光谱范围、幅宽、光谱分辨率、空间分辨率、时间分辨率与定标精度等指标提出了新的要求。同时满足这些相互制约的参数指标,是国内外高光谱载荷研制中一直难以突破的技术难点。本文主要对国内外的高光谱成像遥感载荷技术进行了综述,介绍了国内外典型的机载、星载高光谱成像遥感仪器,以及近年来发射、正在研制和计划发展的星载高光谱成像载荷,并分析了这些载荷的技术方案、性能指标和应用效果;介绍了声光调谐（AOTF）、液晶调谐（LCTF）、法布里—珀罗调谐（FPTF）,渐变式（LVF）和阶跃式（ISF）光楔滤光片,压缩感知光谱成像等新型分光技术,并分析了它们各自的技术优缺点以及应用于高光谱成像的可行性和现状;最后展望了高光谱成像载荷技术的发展趋势。     

World cities and international organizations: Political global-city status of Chinese cities

In this study, the authors use a political perspective to explore the relative global status of cities in China. Two questions are addressed. Firstly, by using international organizations as the subjects and quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution of their offices, the overall position of Chinese cities in the global distribution of international organizations is estimated. The results show that 22 Chi- nese cities are involved in international political affairs. Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou dominate these activities and have high po- litical global-city status. Secondly, through qualitative analysis of Guangzhou City, the authors explore how its status as a center for intemational organizations has been shaped in recent years. The locational decision-making process is analyzed and the factors are demonstrated at both national and city scales. The definition of international organizations as used in this study refers not only to those supranational bodies that have the ability to manage relations across states （such as the European Union）, but also those in- ter-governmental organizations （IGOs）, international non-governmental organizations （INGOs） and diplomatic representatives and delegations that today also manage and regulate relations between and among states.     

New insights on the trophic ecology of bathyal communities from the methane seep area off Concepción,Chile (~36° S)

Studies of the trophic structure in methane‐seep habitats provide insight into the ecological function of deep‐sea ecosystems. Methane seep biota on the Chilean margin likely represent a novel biogeographic province; however, little is known about the ecology of the seep fauna and particularly their trophic support. The present study, using natural abundance stable isotopes, reveals a complex trophic structure among heterotrophic consumers, with four trophic levels supported by a diversity of food sources at a methane seep area off Concepción, Chile (~36° S). Although methanotrophy, thiotrophy and phototrophy are all identified as carbon fixation mechanisms fueling the food web within this area, most of the analysed species (87.5%) incorporate carbon derived from photosynthesis and a smaller number (12%) use carbon derived from chemosynthesis. Methane‐derived carbon (MDC) incorporation was documented in 22 taxa, including sipunculids, gastropods, polychaetes and echinoderms. In addition, wide trophic niches were detected in suspension‐feeding and deposit‐feeding taxa, possibly associated with the use of organic matter in different stages of degradation (e.g. from fresh to refractory). Estimates of Bayesian standard ellipses area (SEA_B) reveal different isotopic niche breadth in the predator fishes, the Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides and the combtooth dogfish Centroscyllium nigrum, suggesting generalist versus specialist feeding behaviors, respectively. Top predators in the ecosystem were the Patagonian toothfish D. eleginoides and the dusky cat shark, Bythaelurus canescens. The blue hake Antimora rostrata also provides a trophic link between the benthic and pelagic systems, with a diet based primarily on pelagic‐derived carrion. These findings can inform accurate ecosystem models, which are critical for effective management and conservation of methane seep and adjacent deep‐sea habitats in the Southeastern Pacific.     

Multi-frame and multi-dimensional historical digital cities: the Como example

In this article, we present the realisation of a multi-frame and multi-dimensional WebGIS that allows users to simultaneously analyse a specific portion of the Earth taking into account the historical information, too. Two graphical panels have been realised: one for the usual 2D view and one for a more realistic 3D view. Both panels display historical maps of the city, the current orthophoto and the digital topographical map. The 3D frame is based on NASA World Wind, an open source virtual globe from where 3D buildings are shown extruding the 2D shapes using their mean height. Thanks to a specifically designed graphical user interface, it is also possible to dynamically thematise the buildings on the globe according to different criteria (e.g. the construction time span) so that only the geometries fulfilling the request are turned on. Within the proposed application, a synchronisation between the two panels has been implemented, in order to maintain a constant alignment of the two viewers. The application is also open to the time dimension. In fact, assigning to each geometry two dates (e.g. ‘year of construction’ and ‘year of demolition’), it is possible to dynamically view how buildings have changed over time, both in their shape and height. Future developments of this work will concern the possibility of implementing a city model with a higher level of detail.     

多级栅格网络地图的组织与设计

多级栅格网络地图是当前网络地图的重要使用形式,通过对其海量栅格图像数据组织方式的研究,设计了图像转换的数学基础,根据当前常用网络地图的情况,分析了地图分级层数确定的方法,对各级地图表示内容进行了选择设计,并根据符号设计的主要方面,研究了基于视觉连续性的地图符号设计基本思路。     

基于ArcGIS Server的实时水情发布系统开发

ArcGIS Server是一个为构建空间相关的企业级应用的平台,基于ArcGIS Server开发Web应用和服务有着广阔的应用前景.主要介绍了ArcGIS Server的体系结构及其配置和管理,并以实时水情发布子系统为应用实例,介绍了如何将AO API的编程任务转化到ADF层从而提升系统性能的设计和实现方法.     

基于SuperMap IS.NET的渔港地理信息管理系统设计与实现

随着渔港建设规模的不断扩大,渔港基础地理数据和建设信息数据不断增加,建立现代化的渔港地理信息管理系统迫在眉睫。文章介绍了渔港地理信息管理系统的设计与实现。该系统基于WebGIS技术,以SuperMap IS.NET为地图功能开发平台,实现了渔港空间量算、地图浏览、数据查询与管理等功能。