今天的中国为什么比任何时候都需要世界地理学

世界地理作为中国地理学的重要分支学科,特指研究中国以外区域或国家的地理学科,是中国特有的学科分类现象。中国地理学的这种内外有别的思想对世界地理发展危害甚大,至今都难以消弭。忽视世界地理研究,就会有只见树木、不见森林之虞。为了贯彻落实党的“十九大”精神,繁荣探索新型科研组织机制,打造一流世界地理学科,服务国家重大国际战略需求,来自国内高校、科研院所的百余人齐聚一堂,探讨中国世界地理学科发展之路。与会专家一致认为：地理学是国家发展的法宝,是立国之本。当前世界政治经济格局加速重构,为中国地理学发展带来了前所未有的历史机遇,也赋予地理学特别是世界地理学学科新的重大历史使命。为此,须充分发挥地理学科的优势和特长,紧跟国家和世界发展大势,树立全球眼光,面向国家重大战略需求,把自然与人文结合起来,面向可持续发展,团结国内各相关单位,进行跨学科研究,提升世界地理学科为二级学科,构建具有中国特色的世界地理学理论体系、逻辑框架和学科范式,提升中国地理学科,特别是世界地理学科服务国家和地方发展的能力。     

Evaluation and use of Resourcesat-I data for agricultural applications

Resourcesat-1 satellite offers a unique opportunity of simultaneous observations at three different spatial scales through LISS-IV, LISS-III^* (improved LISS-III) and AWiFS sensors from a common platform. The sensors have enhanced capabilities in terms of spectral, spatial and radiometric resolution as compared to earlier Indian Remote sensing Satellite sensors. This paper summarizes the results of various studies such as evaluation of sensor characteristics, inter-sensor comparison studies, derivation and validation of surface reflectance measurements, quantification of improvements due to Resourcesat-1 sensors, and their use for various agricultural applications. The studies presented in this paper demonstrate that suit of sensors onboard Resourcesat-1 satellite provides better prospects for several agricultural applications like crop identification, discrimination and crop inventory for some major Indian crops, than its predecessors on IRS satellites.     

Fast Web - Based Data Transmission

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西北地下水资源数据库及其网上发布

西北地下水资源数据库包括地下水资源属性数据库和地下水资源空间数据库，属性数据库采用AC－CESS97存储格式，空间数据库采用ARCVIEW3．1存储格式，文中介绍了西北地下水资源数据库的基本内容，组织结构及其元数据，阐述了其在网上发布的动态网页设计思路及基于WEB GIS的数据浏览，查询的设计思路。     

泛滥平原沉积物的超低密度采样代表性研究(一)

运用１个样／１ｋｍ２、１个组合样／４ｋｍ２，１个样／（１００～１０００）ｋｍ２、１个样／（１０００～１００００）ｋｍ２的采样密度系统研究了泛滥平原沉积物的超低密度采样代表性。通过对Ｓｂ、Ａｓ、Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｎ、Ｎａ２Ｏ元素的地球化学分布模式，Ｗ的地球化学特征在不同采样密度间的信息传递，证明了用１个样／（１０００～１００００）ｋｍ２的采样密度，采集的泛滥平原沉积物具有代表性     

BEIJING METROPOLIS'' TO THE CONQUEST OF ITS NEW STATUS

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＢｅｉｊｉｎｇｉｓａｃｉｔｙａｐａｒｔｆｒｏｍｏｔｈｅｒｓ.Ｃｌｅａｒｎｅｓｓ,ｉｔｓｓｔａｔｕｓａｓｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｃａｐｉｔａｌｈａｓｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｄｉｔｗｉｔｈｔｈｉｓｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇｆｏｒｎｅａｒｌｙｅｉｇｈｔｃｅｎｔｕｒｉｅｓｉｎｂｏｔｈＣｈｉｎａａｎｄｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ.Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｅｘｐｌａｉｎｉｎｇａｌｌｔｈｅｒｅａｓｏｎｓｆｏｒｔｈｉｓｒｅｍａｉｎｓｉｎｈｅｒｅｎｔｌｙｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔ.Ｔｈｅｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｎ,ｉｓｔｏｕｎｄｅｒｌｉｎ…     

“海参-对虾”混养海水池塘的食物网结构及营养层级研究

The food sources of aquacultured Apostichopus japonicus and the trophic levels of organisms in a sea cucumber(A. japonicus) and prawn(Penaeus japonica) polyculture system in a saltwater pond in Zhuanghe, Liaoning Province were examined using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes. Across organisms, δ13C ranged from(–25.47±0.20)‰ to(–16.48±0.17)‰(mean±SD), and δ15N ranged from(4.23±0.49)‰ to(12.44±0.09)‰. The δ13C and δ15N contents of A. japonicus, P. japonica and Fenneropenaeus chinensis were comparatively higher than those of other organisms. Values of δ13C and δ15N revealed that P. japonica, Hemigrapsus sanguineus and Neomysis japonica comprised the largest component of the diet of A. japonicus. The mean trophic level of the organisms in this saltwater pond polyculture system was(2.75±0.08). P. japonica, A. japonicus, F. chinensis,Synechogobius hasta and Neomysis japonica were in the 3rd trophic level(2–3); jellyfish, H. sanguineus and zooplankton were in the 2nd trophic level(1–2); and Enteromorpha prolifera, benthic microalgae, periphyton and suspended matter primarily consisting of phytoplankton, bacteria and humus were in the primary trophic level(0–1).     

Methodology and software solutions for multicriteria evaluation of floodplain retention suitability

Extreme flood events often have adverse effects for people living near or within areas at risk. Reactivating morphological river floodplains for flood retention measures can substantially reduce flood wave peaks and the negative flooding consequences. This article accordingly focuses on a methodology for identifying suitable locations for such measures by spatial multicriteria evaluation (MCE). Compromise programming (CP) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are core methodological components. Furthermore, this methodology is based on impact analysis and draws on expert knowledge. This article also deals with software tools that support the operationalization of methodological components. Data harmonization algorithms are implemented as geoprocessing tools. Both CP and AHP are designed as software providing graphical user interfaces (GUIs). While an extension integrates CP into a geoinformation system, AHP is realized as a web application enabling participation of expert practitioners. The methodological components are operationalized through an example on the floodplains of the German river Elbe.     

耦合小世界神经网络同步振荡的高光谱影像分割

针对影像分割所需区域内部满足一致性、区域间互不相交的要求,鉴于高光谱影像地物在尺寸、形状、光谱上的异质性,开展高光谱影像分割研究。应用视觉皮层细胞神经元之间存在的局部兴奋全局抑制振荡网络对视觉影像信息进行深入提取和处理,在此基础上,结合小世界神经网络高群集系数、短特征路长的特点,研究了LEGION神经元振荡器所具有的小世界神经网络的同步性能,从而构建了耦合小世界网络的LEGION分割算法。进一步采用直观参数设置,简化高微分方程的计算复杂,减少迭代次数。实验表明:耦合小世界网络的LEGION分割算法,可有效地把高光谱影像中同质地物分割在一起,达到信息提取的目的。     

基于天地图·新疆自治区节点矢量数据与国家主节点矢量数据融合技术方法探讨

主要阐述了"天地图·新疆"自治区节点矢量数据与国家主节点矢量数据融合生成技术路线、技术要求,可为天地图其他省(自治区)级节点矢量电子地图数据融合工作提供参考。