中国深层天然气形成及保存条件探讨

深层天然气是油气勘探潜在的重要领域,加强深部勘探成为油气区资源发展的必然趋势。笔者将现有与深层气有关的概念进行了甄别分析,最后厘定深层气为埋藏深度大于4500m,在高温、高压和环境介质共同作用下形成和聚集的天然气,就有机质垂向演化而言,主要指沉积层在生油窗以下层位形成和赋存的天然气,并在此基础上对深层气存在的范围进行了探讨。结合有机-无机相互作用,深入研究了深层天然气气源,认为干酪根、聚集型可溶有机质和分散可溶有机质均对深层天然气的形成具有重大贡献,特别是认为分散可溶有机质在叠合盆地可以作为深层气的重要气源。最后根据中国构造演化、烃源发育特点,初步预测了中国深层天然气的分布状况与范围。     

Ionospheric Alfvén Resonator Control over the Frequency-Variable Pc1 Event in Finland on May 14, 1997

The ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR) control mechanism over the EMIC wave transmission to the ground is demonstrated on a selected long-term frequency-variable subauroral Pcl event. The proper ionospheric plasma data obtained from EISCAT were accessible in a wide altitude range. Applying the numerical method of simulation of a realistic inhomogeneous IAR, the problem of appearance and disappearance of the ground Pc1 signal record was clarified on the basis of coincidence between the EMIC wave frequency spectrum and the IAR fundamental frequency peak (the frequency window). A shift of the signal source field line to lower latitudes during the development of the disturbance was noticed, and the signal frequency variation on the ground was modelled in the nonstationary IAR. Variation of the IAR altitude structure in the fundamental frequency was illustrated on altitude profiles of the normalized wave magnetic field amplitude in the horizontal and vertical components. Particular conditions of L - and R -wave mode incidence were assumed. The electron density vertical profile of IAR determines the effective resonator dimensions. In this way the IAR fundamental frequency window controls the signal within the ionosphere and on the ground.     

由激电异常进行异常体快速定位的方法

通过对时间域激发极化法视极化率异常进行水平导数分析,由形状因子和深度的函数绘制不同的窗口曲线,然后利用不同窗口曲线的交叉点获得极化异常体的形状和深度信息,从而实现了同时确定极化体形状和埋深的一种简便快速的定位方法——窗口曲线法。利用这种方法,能够实现对均匀场中极化体形状和深度信息的快速定位。为了检验本方法,对无随机噪声和有随机噪声的理论数据、实验室物理模拟数据和矿山实例分别进行了验证,解释结果与理论值相对误差基本小于10%。     

A data model and algorithms for a spatial data marketplace

A data marketplace is a platform that facilitates online data trading. It gives sellers the capabilities of publishing data, defining the price function, the authorization rules and the data contract. It gives customers the capabilities to search for data services, to query for their price, to invoke them and to pay for the usage. As data are more and more emphasized as a payable asset, the need for data marketplaces rises. There is a lack of marketplace proposals for spatial data. This paper contributes to fill-in this gap. We propose a data model for representing the different types of data involved. The logical representation of data is a quadtree, and the physical representation fits into a key-value store. The model is thus logically simple and extensible, and physically scalable and highly available. We discuss price queries in detail and propose evaluation algorithms.     

基于区分服务的无线多媒体传感器网络MAC协议

针对传统无线多媒体传感器网络MAC协议不具备区分业务的功能,提出一种支持区分服务的无线多媒体传感器网络MAC协议。该协议对不同的业务设置了不同的竞争机制,使节点在发送不同的业务时能够根据信道的具体情况自适应地调整竞争窗口的大小。仿真结果表明:该机制能够有效支持区分服务。在网络负载较重时,多媒体业务的吞吐量比普通业务的吞吐量高10%,网络系统的吞吐量相比于原有的协议能够提高5%。     

东海黑潮上下游不同的涡动能季节变化特征及其产生机制

用一种新的泛函工具——多尺度子空间变换(multiscale window transform,MWT),得到如实的东海涡动能分布,发现东海黑潮上下游区域的涡动能有着完全不同的季节变化特征.根据功率谱分析,东海黑潮流系可正交地重构到背景流尺度子空间(大于64 d)与涡旋尺度子空间(小于64 d),并用MWT得出相应子空...     

合成滑动相关系数的研究进展及其应用价值

本文作为综述性文章介绍了合成滑动相关系数(Synthetic running correlation coefficient,SRCC)的发现和提出,在理论上的证明及其在大气、海洋等领域的应用成果。作者认为,SRCC是满足可比性要求的方法,揭示了滑动相关系数的实质,从物理上对时间变化序列相关性给出了科学的展示。SRCC可以与经验正交分解(EOF)方法联合使用,拓展到时空变化领域进行应用。提升了对物理过程时空变化的认识。因此,相信SRCC将在科学研究中发挥重要作用,可以推广到更广泛的领域应用。     

羌塘盆地天然气水合物钻探试验井工程井壁稳定性分析

基于三维快速拉格朗日有限差分法多孔介质流固耦合理论及弹塑性极限平衡理论,根据羌塘盆地天然气水合物钻探试验井工程QK-2井实钻资料,分析在渗流条件下井壁失稳机理,并对失稳段井壁稳定性进行了数值模拟分析,研究在不同钻井液密度下井径周围围岩应力分布和井眼坍塌或拉裂变形规律,为羌塘盆地天然气水合物钻探试验井工程确定地层不坍塌（不缩径）、不压漏的钻井液安全密度窗口,以便为钻井井身结构设计及合理钻井液密度的确定提供依据。     

双星定位/SINS组合系统中双星定位的故障检测研究

北斗双星定位系统(简称双星定位)利用两颗地球同步卫星进行定位,具有定位精度高、采用有源定位体制的特点。根据双星定位自身的特点、特别是它在实际应用中的特殊情况,首先介绍双星定位与捷联惯导系统(SINS)进行组合的系统滤波方法,然后提出把基于逻辑滑窗检测与预测残差χ2检测的融合算法用于组合系统中双星定位系统的故障检测。基于实测数据的仿真结果证明上述算法是可行的,并能有效地进行双星定位系统的故障检测。     

Mobile policies and policy streams: The case of smart metering policy in Australia

Geographers have become increasingly engaged with the notion of policy mobility. It is argued that in a globalised world policies have become more internationally mobile: we now live in an era of ‘fast policy’. Drawing on core concepts of mobility, neoliberalisation, and globalisation - and with a background primarily in geography and urban studies - policy mobility scholars have developed new ideas about how policies circulate internationally. In the process, however, theories of policy change developed within political science have been rather overlooked. In this paper it is shown how a political science theory with a shared interest in flows – the Multiple Streams Approach (MSA) – is complementary to policy mobilities scholarship. Two issues in particular are illuminated by the MSA: first, what constitutes policy, and, second, the role of the nation state in structuring the possibilities for, and timing of, policy change. In turn, policy mobilities scholarship highlights the different geographies of the multitude of objects, ideas, problems, processes, organisations, and regulations that constitute policy. It also raises questions about the validity of analytically separating politics from policy proposals, as advocated by the MSA. These issues are considered using the empirical case of smart electricity metering policy in Australia, in the period 2000–2015.