Harveys and Walking Maps

Abstract

Geographical information is connected to everyday life in many ways. Web cartography has made geospatial data more available to the public. In the next few years, the average age of the population will be over 51 years, with more than 15% of the population over the age of 65 years. The fact that the senior population is increasing suggests that online mapping and map viewer design should be aware of the senior population’s visual restrictions, as well as restrictions of other potential map users, including colour-vision-impaired users. This paper describes the senior population’s visual restrictions that can be compared with colour-vision-impaired users and provides guidelines with regard to online mapping and map viewer design for this growing segment of the elderly population.     

An Empirical User Study for Measuring the Influence of Colour Distance and Font Size in Map Reading Using Eye Tracking

Abstract

An assessment of British responses to a pan-European questionnaire conducted during the summer of 2003.     

The National Archives and Public Records

Abstract

The article provides an overview of the huge cartographic holdings of The National Archives (TNA). It continues by outlining the procedures by which records are selected for permanent preservation by TNA.     

Why Maps Matter in GIScience

Abstract

This paper is an elaboration of the theses proposed in ‘Cartographic presentation of forms and degradation of the natural environment: sozological map on a scale of 1∶50?000’ (), where a sozological map of Poland was presented. The said map contained comprehensive cartographic information on the forms of environmental protection and degradation, made to a scale of 1∶50?000. The thematic scope of the map has already been modified twice: in 1997 and in 2005, with the ensuing changes presented in corresponding manuals: Sozological Map on a Scale of 1∶50?000, in an Analogue and Digital Form (Chief National Geodesist, 1997) and Technical Guidelines GIS-4. Sozological Map of Poland, Scale of 1∶50?000, in an Analogue and Digital Form (2005). Many years’ worth of experience gained since the launch of this cartographic system points out to the need for broadening the presented content and improving the map’s scale. Thus, attempts have been made at rescaling the map to 1∶10?000. Increasing the degree of detail is particularly necessary for presenting areas of intensive human activity. In this paper, the authors propose technical and graphical solutions for the 1∶10?000 scale.     

The Military Map of the United Kingdom and its Impact on Mapping in the Twentieth Century

Abstract

Considerable attention has been paid in the literature to the changing style of Ordnance Survey mapping in the twentieth century. However, little has been written about the origins of the characteristic appearance of the first multi-colour editions, other that the Ordnance Survey used a military edition that was already in production. The distinctive style grew out of the work of a committee established in 1892 by the War Office to consider future army requirements for a map of the UK. This paper explores the work of the committee and its long-term implications for the look of mapping in the twentieth century.     

Identification of Optimal Colours for Maps from the Web

Abstract

Maps which are created on demand by combining geospatial data from different Web Map Services integrate conflicting portrayals and do not satisfy the requirements of effective cartographic communication. A significant improvement is achieved by selecting clearly distinguishable colours which are determined by solving an optimisation problem. Cartographic guidelines and user characteristics (e.g. colour vision impairment) can be incorporated into the optimisation model as constraints which guide the selection of colours.     

一等水准点之记标准化与规范化研究

为保证一等水准点之记精度与质量,提高测绘人员野外工作效率,对目前的一等水准点之记进行了探讨与分析,指出了其详细位置图与点位,详细说明表达、标石断面图绘制和经纬度书写及交通路线描述中存在的缺点,并基于此提出了若干改进意见,这在一定程度上促进了一等水准点之记信息的标准化与规范化。     

空间信息服务管理机制研究

针对UDDI、CSW、Clearinghouse等空间信息服务注册与查找方式存在的不足,提出了空间信息服务管理机制,集成实现空间信息服务的搜索、描述、分类、组织、存储、发布、发现为一体的空间信息服务管理架构。基于此,实现了空间信息服务描述与注册、服务发现与调用等服务活动过程,为空间信息服务共享与增值应用奠定基础。     

旅游区划分在省级旅游地图中的应用实践

旅游地图是旅游业与旅游者认识空间的重要工具。随着旅游业的兴旺,旅游人口不断增加,旅游者的文化素质也在不断的提升,需要有更好品质的地图以满足其日益增长的需要,旅游地图的编制面临着空前的挑战。本文以黑龙江省旅游地图为例,根据省级旅游地图表示内容要求和设计中存在的问题,通过对旅游区的定义、划分原则和黑龙江省旅游图中的划分实践,为省级旅游图设计提供一个新的思路。     

通用地图符号表达机制的研究

地理信息共享是地理信息系统（GIS）研究中的一大热点,其中地图符号的共享尤为重要。针对目前地图符号共享所面临的主要障碍,文中从地图符号的定义出发,利用图元参数法建立通用地图符号表达模型,并采用XML语言完成符号的描述,最后通过符号配置,生成由通用几何图形组成的符号化结果,从而实现地图符号的共享。在vc＋＋环境下开发通用地图符号化组件和符号制作软件,通过实例符号的制作和应用,验证该地图符号表达机制的可行性和通用性,符号化效果理想。