离水停食胁迫对中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)翻身能力、血清生化、裙边质构及脏器相关功能酶活力的影响

中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)历来有活品消费的习惯,离水停食是其批量销售环节必须承受的胁迫。因此,探究离水停食对其商品价值的影响过程与机制,对于明确其活体销售货架期具有重要指导价值和现实意义。以2020年5月20日同池起捕后离水停食处理0 d(S₀实验组)、4 d(S₄实验组)、8 d(S₈实验组)、12 d(S₁₂实验组)、16 d(S₁₆实验组)的雄性商品鳖[平均体质量(546.86±94.70) g]为研究对象,在常温条件下较系统开展了离水停食对其翻身能力、血清生化、裙边质构及脏器酶活力的影响研究。结果表明:(1)实验鳖连续翻身次数呈S₄≈S₈>S₀≈S₁₂≈S₁₆,且均主要集中于1 min内;(2)血清TP、ALB、TC、LDL-C均无组间差异(P>0.05),GLU-O呈S₀≈S₄≈S     

东太湖的环境质量现状调查评价

通过1990—1991年东太湖的水文、水质、底质和生物凋查,对其水质作出评价并探求营养现状。结果表明:东太湖的水质状况良好,营养状况已进入中富营养状态叶。     

遥感技术在古丹阳湖演变研究中的应用

根据1987—1988年太湖实测水质数据,利用系统动态聚类分析方法,将17个指标按营养盐、有机质、有毒有害物质三种污染类型进行综合评估,获得了太湖水域各类污染指标空间分布态势及差异特点,揭示了太湖现存的三种污染模式及地域分布状况,为进一步治理和改善太湖水质提供依据。     

博斯腾湖水质现状(2010-2011年)及近50年来演变趋势

博斯腾湖(简称博湖)6个采样点周年(2010年6月-2011年6月)水质调查分析表明,博湖水质空间差异明显,但不同样点水质月变化无一致趋势.大湖区西北角水域水质最差;开都河入湖处水质月变化幅度大,水质相对较好;中东部水域水质处于中间水平.小湖区喇嘛湖水质最好,介于Ⅰ-Ⅲ级之间;北闸附近的湖沼湿地,水质差,多为Ⅴ类和劣Ⅴ...     

加拿大内陆水的保护

Contrary to general international perception, Canada does not have an unlimited supply of freshwater. However, because Canada has a small population, it does have a generous water allocation on a per capita basis. Nor is Canada immune from water quality problems:its cold continental climate, urbanization and industrial activities all contribute to water quality concerns and deterioration. Generally, the authority to manage water in Canada is held by the country''s provincial governments. The Great Lakes basin is the world''s largest freshwater ecosystem and is located in Canada''s industrial heartland. Water issues, starting with phosphorus in the 1960''s, created international headlines. In the 1970''s toxics became the predominant issue and this led to the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement which established the ecosystem approach to water quality management. This approach is now the standard approach to water quality management and has been successfully applied to a number of other lake and river ecosystems in Canada. While there have been improvements in the water quality of the Great Lakes much remains to be done on toxic elimination and the large contaminant stores in the sediments. Atmospheric deposition has become a significant source of chemicals from outside the basin The Canadian prairies, the agricultural heartland of Canada, is one major ecozone that has not been selected to have current and potential water quality problems examined by a federal government program. Both the quantity and quality of water in this region are potentially significant factors limiting economic diversification and sustainable development in this vast and ecologically disturbed region.     

西伯利亚水库和叶尼塞河中物质及生态系统条件的预测：生物物理方法

An avenue to integrate theoretical, experimental and field research methods to forecast water quality in water bodies for different scenarios of water management is proposed. Exploration of the laws of organization, stability and controllability of laboratory "ideal" water microbial communities (model ecosystems) is the basis to build the following biophysical research chain:to formalize with primary field information a conceptual block-diagram of a water ecosystem →to real chemical and other density-dependent and population-growth-controlling factors → to find our limiting factors for natural ecosystems → to conduct experiments with isolated chemical factors and hydrobionts to derive kinetic dependencies and quantitative parameters→ to transfer regularities of operation and kinetic dependencies to the natural ecosystem→ retrospective verification of the model on the base of available field and derived theoretical-experimental data →prognostic calculations for the scenario. Efficiency of the approach is demonstrated in microalgal "blooming" models for Krasnoyarsk and Kantat reservoirs and in prognostication of radioecological state of great Yenisei river:1) radionuclide distribution in the Yenisei''s bottom sediment is nonuniform-"spotty"; 2) it is theoretically shown, that due to biological interactions and tro-phical radioniclide migration there is "spotive" type of space radionuclide distribution. The research is to make use of the novel methods of ecological biophysics:Monitoring:spectral analysis of surface waters (algal pigments), fluorescent techniques to evaluate productivity and condition of algae; rapid bioassays for water toxicity (bioluminescence, chemotaxis techniques). Kinetic experiments:microcosms on evaluating self-purification rates; special cultivators to evaluate the rates of growth of hydrobionts and radioactive engulfing, nutrition spectra; methods of finding growth limiting factors. Models:application of Bellman Principle to optimizing the river water use; theory and peculiarities of microbiological decomposition of pollutants in the river ecosystem. The composition of Prognostication Simulation Model is the next:1) hydrodynamical unit to calculate 2-dimensional space-time rate of stream on any depth; 2) hydrophysical unit to calculate:water temperature and level of solar radiation inside the water body; 3) ecosystem unit to calculate dynamic of concentration of phytoplankton, zooplankton, bacteria, major chemical matters and pollutants in water, content pollutants inside of hydrobionfs cells and dynamic of bentos; 4) radioe-cological unit to forecast the dynamic of radionuclides in the water body and bottom, their hydro-bont''s concentration; 5) database. Reservoirs and river models are provided by monitoring and kinetic experiments data.     

Spatio-temporal suspended sediment fingerprinting under different land management practices

Understanding spatio-temporal suspended sediment dynamics is more important in large watersheds due to the decisive role of local source apportionment in sediment transport and yield. The Talar River with a large mountainous watershed in northern Iran, which plays a vital role in water supply for agriculture and drinking, recently has faced quality degradation. The current study explores the relative contribution of suspended sediment sources using geochemical tracers and fingerprinting techniqu...     

第三次全国国土调查质量控制技术探讨

如何做好第三次全国国土调查(以下简称"三调")的质量控制,保证三调数据成果质量,成为该项工作能否圆满完成的关键所在.笔者根据从事三调工作积累的经验,介绍了实施三调工作的技术路线,提出了市县级"五位一体"的三调质量控制流程,并详细阐述了三调工作全过程质量控制的检查要点和方法.从基础层面保障三调质量管理工作有序高效,确保三...     

海图出版质量检测系统的设计与实现

从目前海图出版的实际出发,分析了数字环境下海图生产质量控制需要解决的具体问题,以用户为最终目标设计,阐述了海图出版质量检测系统的总体结构和实现的技术思路。     

测绘技术开放实验室的建设与开放模式的研究

结合测绘技术开放实验室的实际情况,研究了开放实验室的建设管理、实施方法,以及如何正确处理好人员、仪器、时间、空间之间的矛盾,从而采用灵活多变、保障有力的形式确保实验操作与锻炼。