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461.
预应力混凝土管桩采用静压法施工越来越普遍,其施工质量问题也倍受关注,现对其质量管理问题作本文谈论。 相似文献
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欧美地下水有机污染调查评价进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
1999年中国地质调查局启动了第一个地下水有机污染调查项目,当时检测指标只有20个(包括11个挥发性有机污染物、8种有机氯农药和1种多环芳烃)。"十一五"的地下水有机污染调查必测项目包含了38项(挥发性指标28项、有机氯农药9项和1种多环芳烃),取得了地下水有机污染的基本资料。但从对国外文献的调研来看,地下水中有机污染的种类远远超过38种。为了更全面地掌握中国地下水的质量,有必要对不同地区或不同类型的地下水中典型的有机污染物的种类进行研究,为后续地下水有机污染调查的增项做准备。通过检索美国环保局(USEPA)、美国地质调查局(USGS)和欧盟(EU)近年来的地下水质量年度报告和相关文献,调研了地下水中典型有机污染物的类型,选出最常检出的有机污染物,形成最常检出的有机污染物的检出率排序表,列出了检出率高的前50个污染物的名单。 相似文献
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黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展已上升为国家战略。作为经济高质量发展的微观基础,在环境约束下要素效能充分发挥就显得至关重要。根据马克思主义政治经济学,要素效能由要素质量与要素效率有机构成,前者是要素效能发挥的必然前提,后者是要素效能发挥的内在要求。基于环境规制影响要素质量与要素效率的作用机理,采用面板固定效应模型与中介效应模型实证分析了2008—2019年黄河流域环境规制对要素效能发挥的影响。结果表明:(1)环境规制通过人口集聚实现要素质量升级,通过产业结构优化促进要素效率提高,并在二者的共同作用下促进要素效能发挥。(2)环境规制与要素质量升级、要素效率提高、要素效能发挥均呈现先抑制后促进的“U型”关系。(3)环境规制对要素效能发挥的促进作用存在经济发展水平与城市规模异质性。在经济发展水平高的地区,环境规制显著促进要素效能发挥;经济发展水平较低或城市规模较小的地区,环境规制先抑制后促进要素效能发挥,二者呈“U”型关系;在城市规模较大的地区,二者关系不显著。研究结果为黄河流域从微观要素层面促进经济高质量发展指明方向,对落实黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展战略具有积极意义。 相似文献
466.
Journal of Geographical Sciences - The dramatic land use changes that occur in rapidly urbanized areas are important inducement to changes in the eco-environmental quality. Investigating urban land... 相似文献
467.
山城眺望空间OSCA模型构建及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
山体是大自然赋予城市的天然景观资源,通过山与城市中建筑群构成的山城空间关系,可形成多类型的眺望景观。当前山城眺望景观在建设热潮中不断被破坏,逐渐消失在林立的高楼中,需要进行一定的控制和保护。以济南市中心城区为例,基于眺望控制分区,寻找城市建筑发展演变、分区建设的规律,结合元胞自动机与多智能体,提出基于眺望景观控制下的山城眺望空间CA-OSCA模型(Overlooking Space Cellular Automata),构建山城眺望空间演变模型。利用GIS等数据分析平台,对模拟结果进行分析,构建真实城市空间下的未来山城眺望空间景观三维模型,以更加直观、真实地方法探讨在眺望景观分区控制的影响下,未来城市空间结构的发展模式,最终为未来山城眺望景观空间的控制与保护以及眺望景观保护下,山城城市未来空间发展结构提出发展策略。 相似文献
468.
Replacement of Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oils Improves the Growth and Flesh Quality of Large Yellow Croaker (Larmichthys crocea) 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
DUAN Qingyuan MAI Kangsen SHENTU Jikang AI Qinghui ZHONG Huiying JIANG Yujian ZHANG Lu ZHANG Chunxiao GUO Sitong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):445-452
We investigated the effect of the replacement of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils on the growth and flesh quality of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea). The basal diet(FO) was formulated to contain 66.5% fish meal and 6.4% menhaden fish oil; whereas the other 3 experimental diets were formulated by replacing the fish oil with 50% soybean oil(SO50), 100% soybean oil(SO100) and 100% palm oil(PO100), respectively. The 4 diets were randomly assigned to 4 floating sea cages(3.0 m × 3.0 m × 3.0 m), and each was stocked with 250 fish individuals with an initial average weight of 245.29 g ± 7.45 g. The fish were fed to apparent satiation twice a day at 5:00 and 17:00, respectively, for 12 weeks. Experimental analysis showed that the specific growth rate of fish fed SO50 or PO100 were significantly higher than that of fish fed FO or SO100(P0.05), and crude lipid contents of ventral muscle and viscera were significantly lower in fish fed FO than in those fed the other 3 diets(P0.05). No significant differences in condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, gutted yield and colorimetric values of fish among the dietary treatments were observed(P0.05). Compared to FO diet, SO50, SO100 and PO100 diets led to substantial decreases in the liquid loss and water loss from fresh fillets(1 d, 4℃)(P0.05). Similarly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) values of fillets under different storage conditions(1 d, 4℃; 7 d, 4℃; 4 weeks,-20℃; 8 weeks,-20℃) decreased significantly after partial or complete replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils. These findings indicated that the growth performance and selected flesh quality properties(liquid holding capacity and TBARS value) of large yellow croaker were substantially improved by replacing dietary fish oil with vegetable oils. 相似文献
469.
Birendra Nath Ghosh Narinder Kumar Sharma Nurnabi Meherul Alam Raman Jeet Singh Gopal Prasad Juyal 《山地科学学报》2014,11(5):1208-1217
On farm bio-resource recycling has been given greater emphasis with the introduction of conservation agriculture specifically withclimate change scenarios in the mid-hills of the north-west Himalaya region(NWHR). Under this changing scenario, elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management(INM) may affect significantly soil quality and crop productivity. A study was conducted during 2009-2010 to 2010-2011 at the Ashti watershed of NWHR in a rainfed condition to examine the influence of elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management(INM) on soil resource and crop productivity. Two years of farm demonstration trials indicated that crop productivity and soil quality is significantly affected by elevation, slope aspect and INM. Results showed that wheat equivalent yield(WEY) of improved technology increased crop productivity by -20%-37% compared to the conventional system. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-17%. North aspect and higher elevation increased crop productivity by 15%-25% compared to south aspect and low elevation(except paddy). Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-15%. Irrespective of slope, elevation and cropping system, the WEY increased by -30% in this region due to INMtechnology. The influence of elevation, slope aspect and INM significantly affected soil resources(SQI) and soil carbon change(SCC). SCC is significantly correlated with SQI for conventional(R2 = 0.65*), INM technology(R2 = 0.81*) and for both technologies(R2 = 0.73*). It is recommended that at higher elevation.(except for paddy soils) with a north facing slope, INM is recommended for higher crop productivity; conservation of soil resources is recommended for the mid hills of NWHR; and single values of SCC are appropriate as a SQI for this region. 相似文献
470.
Brittany C. Courville Jennifer L.R. Jensen Richard W. Dixon Mark A. Fonstad 《自然地理学》2014,35(4):355-368
Temporal trends in water clarity and land-use/land-cover (LULC), as well as the relationship between changes in water clarity and LULC, were analyzed using water clarity values extracted from Landsat images from 1986 to 2008, acquired for east-central Maine. Of 40 lakes identified using satellite imagery, our analysis found one lake with a significant decrease in water clarity. In a second data-set, with 99 lakes, we identified two lakes with a significant increase in water clarity. Analyses of the relationship between temporal changes in the water clarity and LULC did not identify any clear, consistent, relationships between changes in the water quality variables and LULC. Overall, the results of this study aid in the identification of the relationship between water clarity and LULC, and identify temporal changes in water clarity. The findings of this study support the previous research that demonstrates the ability of satellite imagery to be used in assessments of water clarity, thus enabling evaluation at broader spatial scales and longer temporal scales than assessments that rely solely on ground-based data. 相似文献