中国物流集群的量化甄别与发育程度评价

基于交通运输、仓储与邮政业宏观统计数据,物流企业工商注册数据和物流POI数据,运用区位熵（LQ）、水平集聚区位熵（HCLQ）、物流就业密度（LED）和改进的物流企业占比系数（LEP）等指标,刻画了中国289个地级及以上城市的物流集群空间格局与演化过程,识别出不同类型物流集群的发育水平、类型和发展模式。结果表明：① 物流集群主要集中于胡焕庸线东侧,集群形态由组团式转变为区块式,呈现广覆盖和高集聚特征;数量演化经历了“快速下降”和“稳中有变”两个阶段,集中程度和运行效率稳步提升。② 21个成熟物流集群分布在16个省级行政单元中主要城市群的中心和次级中心城市,与政府物流规划衔接良好;43个新兴物流集群分布在21个省级行政单元,不同类型城市间分化显著。③ 物流集群在城市群尺度形成了由“主核—次核—一般节点”构成的多层级核心—边缘结构;在省级尺度形成了极核发展模式、网络化均衡发展模式,单核多点和多核多点的发展模式。     

基于三调成果的自然资源本底数据整合研究

我国自然资源实行分头管理,导致其调查成果存在交叉重叠,不利于山水林田湖草作为一个生命共同体进行系统治理.通过建立三调工作分类与现有各类自然资源专项调查成果地类分类对照表和不同自然资源专项调查成果数据空间整合规则,以第三次国土调查成果为基础,整合关联森林、草原、湿地、水流等现有专项调查成果,形成自然资源本底数据,为实施自...     

基于虚拟城市模型的城市形态对污水系统影响研究

城市形态与污水设施的运行之间关系密切,探讨城市形态对城市内污水设施的影响对解决现有设施存在的水力失效及未来情景应对能力欠佳等问题具有重要价值。因此,论文测算了现阶段中国地级城市的城市形态,设置了城市形态情景和排水情景,使用Kruscal算法进行管网定线、SWMM软件模拟系统性能,构建自上而下的虚拟城市空间与污水系统耦合模型,探索了不同形态城市的污水系统生命周期成本、结构和性能的一般性规律,构建了系统经济性、有效性和适应性指标体系以综合评估城市污水系统。研究发现,在城市人口36.24万、面积35 km²的规模下,污水系统的生命周期成本约为6亿~7亿元。方形、长条形和星形的流速失效比分别为0.55、0.67、0.55,充满度失效比分别为0.35、0.42、0.36。在排水情景改变下,污水量变小时,系统流速失效情况均更为严重,而充满度失效情况均有所改善;当污水量变大时,流速失效情况均有所改善,而充满度失效情况更为严重。分析系统结构特性,发现越分散的污水系统连通性越好,长条形城市的污水系统相较于方形和星形城市更为集中。对指标作相关性分析,发现越分散的污水系统经济性和有效性更好,但适应性更差。从系统经济性和有效性角度出发,方形和星形城市更有利。从污水系统适应性角度出发,长条形城市优于方形和星形城市,结合2010—2015年的城市形态分析,长条→长条(变化前后城市形态均为长条形,以此类推)、星形→长条、方形→长条的86个城市的城市发展方向不够合理,各城市在未来扩建或新建规划中应在因地制宜基础上考虑内部污水设施,选择合理的城市形态。     

中国海域助航标志信息平台的设计与实现

针对目前我国助航标志在航标表出版、航标信息更新及数字海图制图有关航标综合中存在的一些问题,设计建立中国海域助航标志信息平台,实现中国海域助航标志数据库更新维护和航标表出版的自动化,提供中国海域助航标志信息服务系统,并利用VC6．0语言及Mapobject控件和ArcInfo技术在数字海图制图综合中自动实现助航标志的综合和航标符号的准确表示。     

Analysis of Social Integration Models of Tourism Labor Migrants——A Case Study of Jiuhua Mountain of Anhui Province,China

The grounded theory of qualitative methods was applied to researching the social integration of tourism labor migrants in the Jiuhua Mountain of Anhui Province, China. The research was conducted based on the in-depth interviewing of 15 samples, open-consultation and the analysis of secondhand data. The integration models of tourism labor migrants in the Jiuhua Mountain were formed through four processes including theoretic sampling, coding-analysis, cross-tabulation and contextualization. The result shows that modes of production and life styles decide self-integration orientation of tourism labor migrants in the Jiuhua Mountain. Cultural differences are fundamental dissimilarity between tourism labor migrants and natives. There are three kinds of integration models including rapid, free and gradually advancing integration. The differences among different types of migrants＇ integration models are remarkable. Taking the working integration as the abscissa and taking the life integration as the coordinate, an ＂S＂ model of integration matrix appears in the gradually advancing integration of intermediate and high administers from the working to the life which should be paid special attention to.     

数值预报产品与天气学结合的体会

文章主要阐述了如何将数值预报产品与天气学预报经验有机的结合起来。天气学着重研究天气系统进入本地区前各方面的动态变化,从中找出它的变化规律,再利用这些规律预测未来如何演变。数值预报从初始场开始,计算它的运动轨迹,着重研究大气环流和天气形势未来变化。虽然它们的研究起点、研究重点不同,但方向一致。把二者有机结合起来,可以形成从过去、现在到未来的一个完整的链条,从而有力的促进了预报质量的提高。     

Re-scaling collective bargaining: union responses to restructuring in the North American auto industry

Historically, political struggles to define the geographical scale at which labour relations and collective bargaining will be conducted have been of crucial significance to the labour movement. Today, workers and their unions face very difficult challenges. In many manufacturing industries changes in the organizational structure of production at different geographical scales have undermined the effectiveness of the organizing and collective bargaining strategies associated with traditional industrial unionism. This paper focuses on collective bargaining strategies developed by North American autoworkers’ unions to respond to the extensive restructuring of the automotive industry that took place during the 1990s. These strategies include innovations in the structure and content of collective bargaining and efforts to redefine the scale at which collective bargaining takes place. Following a brief discussion of the challenge posed by the integration of Mexico into a continent-wide production system, the analysis focuses on the strategies devised by the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW) union during the 1996 and 1999 rounds of collective bargaining to address issues raised by outsourcing and modular manufacturing. With outsourcing, the automakers are not so much eliminating jobs as they are deciding who gets to do them, at what price, and under what working conditions. With modular manufacturing, the organizational boundaries between firms are blurring and the terms and conditions of work in one firm arguably are becoming dependent upon management decisions made in another firm. The CAW’s response has been to develop new collective bargaining strategies including the concepts of ‘work ownership’ and ‘satellite bargaining’ which involves redefining the traditional geographical extent of the bargaining unit. While the empirical focus is on the North American automobile industry, the general issues related to the re-scaling of production, and especially outsourcing and modular manufacturing, are common across a range of manufacturing industries.     

资源与环境模型标准文档库及其与GIS集成

论述了中国资源与环境模型标准文档库的结构和内容。通过研究总结数学模型及其研究现状发现，中国资源与环境模型标准文档库建设需要完善尚有缺陷的数学模型、创建尚缺少的数学模型；通过归纳现有数学模型与地理信息系统的现有集成方法发现，目前的集成方法不能满足区域可持续发展集成模型的需要，据此讨论了数学模型与地理信息系统有效集成需要深入研究的内容。最后，提出了通过大量案例研究，形成区域可持续发展集成模型和中国资源与环境模型标准文档库2个软件包的可行研究思路。     

地理空间分析与制图的数据整合策略和方法

地理信息系统(GIS)的地学分析与计算机地图制图(CAC)是地理空间数据应用不可分割的两个方面。但GIS与CAC在地理空间数据的需求上存在冲突,导致两者间数据无法充分共享,直接造成数据的重复采集和浪费。本文从数据、软件系统和地图符号库的综合实施方案出发,初步探讨了地理空间数据整合的策略与方法。研究结果表明,基于辅助线的传统整合方法极大地增加了地理数据建库与更新的难度,而将人工智能技术、专家系统与主制图型或者主分析型数据方案结合起来,才有助于实现GIS与CAC在数据及系统功能上的真正融合。     

城镇化进程中的区域力量整合研究——以河南省为例

从区域发展力量要素及其整合的角度,研究新的历史时期和全球化形势下的城镇化战略道路选择,以及城镇化进程中区域力量整合的类型.以河南省为例,围绕全省发展面临的形势,分析河南城镇化发展的战略要素及城镇化发展的经济力、社会力、资源环境力、空间支撑力、政策力、行政力及其整合,提出依托河南省构建中原大都市区,在大都市区框架下整合全省区域发展力量.