Numerical investigation of wave elevation and bottom pressure generated by a planing hull in finite-depth water

A numerical investigation of the bottom pressure and wave elevation generated by a planing hull in finite-depth water is presented. While the existing literature addresses the free-surface deformation and pressure field at the seafloor independently, this work proposes a direct comparison between the two hydrodynamic quantities. The dependence of the pressure disturbances at the ocean floor from the waves generated at the free-surface by a planing hull is studied for several values of both the depth and hull Froude numbers. The methodology employed is Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), a numerical technique based on the discretization of the continuum fields of hydrodynamics through mesh-less particles. The SPH code herein chosen is initially validated against experimental data for transom-stern flow. Subsequently, numerical simulations are presented for a planing hull in high-speed regimes. The results show a direct correlation between surface wave dynamics and hydrodynamic pressure disturbances at the seafloor as the value of the Froude number is varied. This is assessed by studying the inverse dependence of the low-pressure wake angle with the Froude number and by comparison of SPH results with similar works in the cited literature.     

多层螺旋CT作肾动脉造影在高血压筛查中的临床应用价值

目的: 评价多层螺旋CT(multislicecomputedtomographyMSCT)血管造影(CTangiography,CTA)在肾血管性高血压筛查中的临床应用价值。 方法: 对157例临床怀疑肾动脉狭窄患者行多层螺旋CT肾动脉CTA检查,将获得的轴位扫描图像经过适当处理后,行3D后处理,包括SSD、MIP、VR,MPVR。 结果: 157例患者均获得了较满意的肾动脉CTA图像,清晰地显示肾动脉主干及其分支。 结论: MSCT肾动脉CTA检查作为一种安全、经济的检查方法,在对肾血管性高血压的筛查中完全可以替代DSA,常规作为怀疑肾动脉狭窄之患者的筛选检查的首选方法。     

深潜器大开口球形耐压操纵舱结构模型的力学性能

结合模型试验和数值计算对大潜深、带大开口的球形耐压结构静态力学性能进行了研究。研究中考虑到材料非线性、非弹性的因素,通过对材料拉伸试验曲线的分析,得到了材料应力-应变的近似表达式;并且利用超声测厚仪对结构模型的几何缺陷进行了测量。同时基于参数化设计语言建立了有随机几何缺陷的有限元模型,并利用接触单元考虑了大开口观察窗与耐压结构的联系。试验验证表明论文提出的利用有限元软件分析大潜深、大开口耐压壳体力学性能的计算方法和计算策略是准确可靠的,所获得的结果可供设计使用。     

基于在线加权式多模型方法的磁控立方星姿态机动控制

针对一类低轨道磁控立方星,提出一种在线加权式多模型自适应跟踪控制方法,使得卫星姿态能够根据指令实现较大角度的机动,并将误差保持在容许的范围内,达到满意的动态性能.首先,在卫星的几个姿态平衡点处建立控制系统模型,通过模型匹配度指标值,在线调整加权式多模型控制算法;其次,在多模型控制回路中引入动态自适应神经网络,充分利用其结构和参数均可以在线自适应调节的特点,以消除卫星在轨运行时受到的地球磁场变化的影响,并抑制不确定的外部干扰,提高系统鲁棒性能;最后,以某立方星为对象,进行仿真验证,结果表明所提方法是有效的.     

Investigation of strategies to improve the recycling effectiveness of waste oil from fishing vessels

The marine ecological environment and fishery resources can be severely polluted or destroyed by waste oil from fishing vessels if they are emitted directly into the ocean without any proper pre-treatment process. International conventions such as MARPOL 73/78 regulate waste-oil emissions and require the installation of a waste oil–water separator only for ocean-going ships of over 400 gross tons. Hence, these international conventions are not applicable to most fishing ships due to their low gross tonnages. In addition, space on most fishing vessels is too limited to allow waste-oil storage tanks or a waste oil-water separator to comply with international maritime regulations. Because a significant amount of waste oil is produced by fishing vessels around the world every day, effective strategies or measures are needed to prevent this waste oil from polluting the marine environment. This study thus investigates strategies and measures for improving the effectiveness of waste-oil collection from fishing vessels. This study found that existing procedures for the collection and treatment of waste lubricating oil on land could be applied to the management of waste oil and bilge water from fishing vessels. Sufficient oil–water separators and storage facilities for the collection of waste oil should be placed at each fishing port and shipyard. Fishermen should then be required to deliver their waste oil to these storage facilities, from where it can be transported to legal recycling companies for further treatment. In addition, fishing harbor authorities should bear definitive responsibility for monitoring the illegal dumping of waste oil and for checking the waste-oil record books of fishing vessels. Each maritime country should enforce relevant laws and regulations to reduce the emission of waste oil from fishing vessels into the ocean.     

广东人对外省人群体文化态度的调查与分析

根据研究的目的和任务，基于定性研究与定量研究相结合的原则，建立了由5个一级指标，21个二级指标及其相应权重组成的指标体系，同时，结合所建立的相关数据运算模型对问卷调查所获得的基本数据资料进行赋值和计算，利用数据处理后的结果就广东本地人对外省人群体文化的态度进行分析研究，研究结果表明：广东人对外省人群体文化的态度从总体上看属于基本融合性，但在具体指标方面仍存在一定的差异，具体体现为语言，社会交往，现实生活方面较高的融合性和生活习俗方面较强的冲突性，造成这一结果的主要原因是由于在文化交流日益频繁的今天，广东文化不仅是中华民族文化的有机组成部分，而且具有鲜明的个性特征，并深深的影响着广东人的行为和思想。     

X射线脉冲星航天器姿态确定方法研究

本文阐述了利用X射线脉冲星实现航天器姿态确定的成像仪定姿、探测器扫描定姿和垂直双矢量相对定位姿态的3种方法,介绍了其基本原理;分析了3类方法与现有姿态确定方法相比存在的优势;并利用仿真数据分析了垂直双矢量相对定位姿态确定方法;研究了时延测定误差、可观测脉冲星数、脉冲星历表误差等对姿态确定精度的影响,得出了有益的结论.     

Characterization of fish hold effluent discharged from commercial fishing vessels into harbor waters

Fish hold effluent and the effluent produced from the cleaning of fish holds may contain organic material resulting from the degradation of seafood and cleaning products (e.g., soaps and detergents). This effluent is often discharged by vessels into near shore waters and, therefore, could have the potential to contribute to water pollution in bays and estuaries. We characterized effluent from commercial fishing vessels with holds containing refrigerated seawater, ice slurry, or chipped ice. Concentrations of trace heavy metals, wet chemistry parameters, and nutrients in effluent were compared to screening benchmarks to determine if there is a reasonable potential for effluent discharge to contribute to nonattainment of water quality standards. Most analytes (67%) exceeded their benchmark concentration and, therefore, may have the potential to pose risk to human health or the environment if discharges are in significant quantities or there are many vessels discharging in the same areas.     

航磁测量飞机飞行姿态影响及矫正

为消除航磁测量过程中由于飞机姿态变化而产生的感应磁场、涡流磁场等磁干扰,本文建立了干扰场模型,用补偿的方法对飞机飞行姿态产生的影响进行矫正。为验证方法的有效性,对M区实测航磁数据进行实时姿态矫正处理,结果显示,处理后的磁总场数据与国际标准地磁场基本吻合。证明本文提出的实时补偿方法能够消除飞机飞行姿态对磁测质量的影响。     

基于GPS的汽车稳定性控制系统研究

介绍GPS测姿原理,利用双天线GPS接收机直接测量车身侧偏角等汽车状态参数,采用卡尔曼滤波器融合GPS与INS测量数据。运用滑模控制理论,设计汽车稳定性控制器。运用Matlab/simulink软件仿真在变换车道等各种工况下控制器的控制效果。