Comparison of ground truth location of earthquake from InSAR and from ambient seismic noise:A case study of the 1998 Zhangbei earthquake

Because ambient seismic noise provides estimated Greenos function (EGF) between two sites with high accuracy, Rayleigh wave propagation along the path connecting the two sites is well resolved. Therefore, earthquakes which are close to one seismic station can be well located with calibration extracting from EGF. We test two algorithms in locating the 1998 Zhangbei earthquake, one algorithm is waveform-based, and the other is traveltime-based. We first compute EGF between station ZHB (a station about 40 km away from the epicenter) and five IC/IRIS stations. With the waveform-based approach, we calculate 1D synthetic single-force Greenos functions between ZHB and other four stations, and obtain traveltime corrections by correlating synthetic Greenos functions with EGFs in period band of 10-30 s. Then we locate the earthquake by minimizing the differential travel times between observed earthquake waveform and the 1D synthetic earthquake waveforms computed with focal mechanism provided by Global CMT after traveltime correction from EGFs. This waveform-based approach yields a location which error is about 13 km away from the location observed with InSAR. With the traveltime-based approach, we begin with measuring group velocity from EGFs as well as group arrival time on observed earthquake waveforms, and then locate the earthquake by minimizing the difference between observed group arrival time and arrival time measured on EGFs. This traveltime-based approach yields accuracy of 3 km, Therefore it is feasible to achieve GT5 (ground truth location with accuracy 5 km) with ambient seismic noises. The less accuracy of the waveform-based approach was mainly caused by uncertainty of focal mechanism.     

从误差观点综述分析地震定位方法

阐述了现有几种地震定位方法的原理,然后从误差的观点对它们进行了定性的比较,认为本文提到的几种定位方法都是从某一方面降低误差来源的影响,它们之间不存在优劣之分,并可以结合各种方法的优点获取高精度的定位结果。     

Seismicity and seismotectonics of West Saxony, Germany — new insights from recent seismicity observed with the Saxonian seismic network

A new network of permanently recording seismic stations in West Saxony has considerably improved detection threshold, location accuracy and depth determination in this seismically active region. Between 2001 and 2007 more than 900 events have been located. Seismicity mainly occurred along a band stretching north-south between Leipzig and Vogtland/NW Bohemia area with local magnitudes ranging between −0.8 and 2.8. Seismicity clearly delineates the Leipzig-Regensburg (L-R) fault zone striking N-S, and the Gera-Jachymov (G-J) fault zone striking roughly NNW-SSE. The hypocentral depths can be divided into two depth ranges, one at depths below 10 km, and a second at less than 10 km depth that only extends S-N from the Vogtland until the crossing between L-R and G-J fault zones. A small earthquake sequence that occurred near Werdau/Zwickau in August 2006 at almost the same epicenters as an earlier sequence 1997/98 seems to confirm this finding: a relative localization of 15 events with the double-difference technique clearly reveals two distinct subclusters at about 6 and 12–14 km depth. With the improved station coverage 33 new fault plane solutions from events along the L-R fault zone north of the swarmquake area could be determined from P-polarities and P/S ratios. They do not differ significantly from solutions in the Vogtland/NW-Bohemia area and are mostly compatible with a N-S oriented fault plane. Strike slip mechanisms with or without a dip slip component dominate.     

2005年11月26日江西九江-瑞昌Ms5．7地震序列的破裂过程研究

利用江西南昌遥测台网和临时台网资料,借助于主地震相对定位法,对2005年11月26日江西九江-瑞昌MS5.7地震序列进行了重新定位,分析了该序列的破裂过程。这次地震的余震震中呈线性分布,约沿北西37°,与美国哈佛大学给出的主震震源机制解中的N35°W节面和北西向的洋鸡山-武山-通江岭断裂的走向基本一致,震中位于该断裂的东南端。这次地震破裂扩展过程主要发生在2005年11月30日19时前,其后平稳。主震发生在余震分布区的西北端部,似乎表明本次地震为单侧破裂,破裂向东南方向扩展。震后4小时内震源深度由浅到深变化,之后逐渐稳定在15 km左右。破裂过程大致可分为两个阶段:第1个阶段是从主震到2005年11月26日16时22分0.8秒,破裂尺度为13.8 km,历时约7.54小时,平均破裂速度约为50.8 cm/s;第2个阶段是从2005年11月29日11时35分21.7秒到2005年11月30日19时57分58秒,破裂尺度为17.9 km,历时约32.4小时,平均破裂速度约为15.4 cm/s。整个破裂过程扩展了31.7 km,平均破裂速度约为22 cm/s,前一阶段速度明显高于后一阶段,破裂是减速的。     

江西某核电站选址地质灾害研究及防治对策

本文通过对江西某核电站选址及附近详细的地质灾害调查,结合拟选场地的地质环境条件分析,对地质灾害发育特征进行了仔细的研究,并进行了地质灾害预测;重点是覆盖岩溶区地面塌陷的易发性研究,根据岩溶地面塌陷产生的地质条件和诱发影响因素,采用了定性-半定量判别法评价岩溶地面塌陷的易发性;并针对核电站工程建设布局提出了相应的防治对策建议;为工程建设选址提供地质科学依据。     

从地震目录的变化论"十五"数字测震台网拾震能力

本文对2005、2006、2007、2008四年,每年前10个月《辽宁省地震月报目录》进行分类统计,依据辽宁数字遥测台网“九五”与“十五”《辽宁省地震月报目录》的变化,分析辽宁数字台网的拾震能力。     

兰鲸号潜器两型机械手的结构设计研究

本文介绍了装备于我国自行研制的“兰鲸”号双功型潜水器上的两型机械手的主要性能参数和设计特点。其中一只为打捞机械手,最大伸距２８０３ｍｍ,举力１５００Ｎ,三个自由度,机械手备有五种手爪,可根据作业内容的不同进行更换,手爪具有锁紧和解脱功能。另一只为作业机械手,最大伸距２３００ｍｍ,举办３２０Ｎ,六自由度,手爪具有缆绳剪切功能力。两型手在载人工况可实行应急抛弃。     

龙陵—瑞丽走滑体系中段自相似结构与热液成矿定位

龙陵－瑞丽走滑体系是滇西三江构造带中腾冲地块与邦地块交界线南段的大规模右旋平移走滑带。剖面上它是一个自相似的花状构造体系;平面上则是一个由强应变带与弱应变域交织复合的自相似的网眼构造,表现为大尺度的“网眼构造”套叠小尺度的“网眼构造”的复杂图像,热液蚀变主要集中在不同尺度的弱应变域的下列三个部位：（１）弱应变域消失部斜面朝向与走滑运动方向一致的一侧。（２）强烈错位部;（３）角砾化透镜体中。走滑带的     

大城市服务业区位理论及其实证研究

文章从经济区位论的角度出发,研究了服务业的类型和不同类型服务业的区位特征,以及服务业布局的理论依据。在此基础上,分析了发达国家大城市服务业布局的特征和空间演变趋势。最后就大城市服务业的区位特征和存在的问题,以及今后的发展方向等进行了研究。