线性规划在徐州地下水资源开发中的应用

本文从地下水系统的观点出发,对徐州地区中寒武统—中奥陶统碳酸盐岩地下水系统进行了分析。并应用线性规划的原理和方法对徐州市西郊四个水源地地下水进行了水文地质计算。在规定水位允许降深的约束条件下,求得至2000年,该区地下水最大开采量为14万米~3/天及各水源地相应取水量的最佳分配。文中采用特定条件图解法计算多边界、多主井抽水干扰影响的方法,具有通用意义。     

多钙钾石膏的矿物学研究

多钙钾石膏产于四川省渠县农乐地区中-下三叠统的杂卤石矿层里,与硬石膏一起交。代杂卤石。矿物呈板状,{110}解理中等。比重2.91。折光率:Ng=1.585,Nm=1.5θ8,NP=1.560。二轴晶正,2V=79°。该矿物属单斜晶系。空间群C2/c。晶胞参数:a_0=17.479A,b_0=6.821A,C_0=18.218A,β=113.39°。粉末图的五条强衍射线为:3.01(10)、3.16(8)、3.38(6)、2.83(4)、2.74(3)。根据化学分析计算,其化学式为:K_2SO_4·5CaSO_4·H_2O。结晶水含量2.O4%。文内列出了该矿物的差热(DTA)和热失重(TGA)、红外吸收光谱等新资料。     

A digital model to evaluate the water balance in a typical hardrock environment

A digital model was designed and developed to study the water balance situation in a typical hardrock environment near Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. The model was calibrated over a period of six years with observed field hydrographs. An optimum error factor of 0.001 m was chosen and the computer took 47 iterations for outputting the results with the desired accuracy. Prognostic studies were carried out with progressively increasing draft conditions and water levels were observed to be declining even when the draft was less than the recharge. The analysis of the experiments further amended the belief of the earlier workers.     

Measurements of tropospheric OH concentrations: A comparison of field data with model predictions

Using long path UV absorption spectroscopy we have measured OH concentrations close to the earth's surface. The OH values observed at two locations in Germany during 1980 through 1983 range from 0.7×10⁶ to 3.2×10⁶ cm^-3. Simultaneously we measured the concentrations of O₃, H₂O, NO, NO₂, CH₄, CO, and the light non methane hydrocarbons. We also determined the photolysis rates of O₃ and NO₂. This allows calculations of OH using a zero dimensional time depdendent model. The modelled OH concentrations significantly exceed the measured values for low NO _x concentrations. It is argued that additional, so far unidentified. HO _x loss reactions must be responsible for that discrepancy.     

我国钻探用金刚石聚晶材料的工艺研究

系统地阐述了我国钻探用金刚石聚晶材料（ＰＣＬ）的工艺研究方面的独到之处，特别是在确定影响ＰＣＤ耐磨性的主要工艺因素，以及如何提高、调整和控制耐磨性的工艺方法方面的研究成果。     

安徽淮北地区金刚石综合信息研究及成矿预测

通过地质、物探、化探、重砂、遥感等多种信息的综合研究与有机关联，从三度空间划出了该区的基本构造格架，揭示了构造与异常的关系，总结了断裂控矿（化）的基本规律，采用“专家量化法”与“特征分析法”相结合，进行矿产资源预测，取得了明显效果。该法对我国矿产地质研究程度不高地区的成矿预测，具有借鉴意义。     

FTIR studies of reactions between the nitrate radical and haloethenes

Products and mechanisms for the gas-phase reactions of NO₃ radicals with CH₂=CHCl, CH₂=CCl₂, CHCl=CCl₂,cis-CHCl=CHCl andtrans-CHCl=CHCl in air have been studied. The experiments were carried out at 295±2 K and 740±5 Torr in a 480-L Teflon-coated reaction chamber and at 295±2 K and 760±5 Torr in a 250-L stainless steel reactor. NO₃ was generated by the thermal dissociation of N₂O₅. Experiments with¹⁵NO₃ and CD₂CDCl have also been performed. The initially formed nitrate peroxynitrates decay into carbonyl compounds, nitrates, HCl and ClNO₂. In adidtion, there are indications of nitrooxy acid chlorides being produced. The reactions with CH₂=CCl₂ and CHCl=CCl₂ are more complex due to release of chlorine atoms which eventually lead to formation of chloroacid chlorides.A general reaction mechanism is proposed and the observed concentration-time profiles of reactants and products are simulated for each compound. The rate constants for the initial step of NO₃ addition to the chloroethenes are determined as: (2.6±0.5, 9.4±0.9, 2.0±0.4 and 1.4±0.4) × 10^–16 cm³ molecule^–1 s^–1 for CH₂=CHCl, CH₂=CCl₂, CHCl=CCl₂ andcis-CHCl=CHCl, respectively.     

赤道带边界层结构的数值研究

在气压随纬度的不同分布条件下，数值求解了二维赤道带大气边界层非线性运动方程组，得到了不同气压分布下赤道带边界层运动特征，显示了平流的重要作用。在赤道带存在低压槽或气压单调随纬度增加而减少的情况下，都得出在赤道附近某纬度有一相应于赤道辐合带（ＩＴＣＺ）的垂直运动大值集中区域存在，克服了前人用临界纬度机制解释边界层大抽吸速度时略去重要的非线性项的处理上的困难。     

山地边界层中场变量的动力学研究

采用与实测较接近的二次函数来表达Ｅｋｍａｎ层中的湍流粘性系数Ｋ，在圆形气压场条件下，求得了山地上空边界层中的风速，进而求得散度、涡度和垂直速度等场变量随高度的分布。并作图分析了这些场变量的一些动力学特征。改进了以往在求解析解时，略去运动方程中湍流粘性力项中的关于高度的一阶导数项，以及取山坡面上风速为零作下边界条件等欠合理欠精确的做法。所求得的风速、散度、涡度和垂直速度均用简单的初等函数表示出来，有助于边界层参数化和深化对边界层动力学的认识。     

有限区域短期数值预报业务系统简介

简要介绍了空军气象中心投入业务使用的《空军有限区域短期数值预报业务系统》的概况、采用的主要技术，检验评分结果，最后给出了天气学个例检验结果。